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Zhang Erqi: An Outstanding Teacher Disappeared in Rural Areas

■ Qilu celebrities

□ Our reporter Lu Wei

Our correspondent Menbo.

In the autumn equinox, the suburbs of Jiyang County, north of the Yellow River, are busy.

Ask three or five farmers who are breaking corn in the field. Excuse me, how can I get to Jill Zhang Ruocun? They will give instructions enthusiastically. There are also enthusiastic people who give directions on how to get to Mr. Zhang Jiruo's tomb.

For Zhang Jiruo, Jiyang villagers always call themselves "Mr.". It has been more than 300 years since autumn harvest and autumn sowing. In a cornfield in the northeast of Zhang Jiruo village, Zhang Jiruo's tomb is extremely ordinary, neither tall nor spectacular. He was buried in the rooted land, copying the low-key before his death. ...

The home of ploughing and reading gives you great security.

On July 22nd, the 40th year of Wanli (A.D.1665438+August, 200218), the Zhang family in Liushuwangzhuang, South Township, Jiyang County was full of excitement-his wife Guo gave birth to his first son, and the whole family was very happy, especially the old man Zhang Lan.

The child was born like other babies, but as he grew older, he became more and more intelligent and abnormal, which was very different from ordinary children. So, Zhang privately said to his wife Guo, "I'm afraid this child will not be the thing in the pool in the future, but now he can see his talent."

"This child is Zhang Erqi. His name is Jiruo, his name is Hao An Chu Shi, also known as the Khan Taoist, and he is known as Mr. Hao An in the world. Haoan has never been an official in his life. He lived in seclusion as a teacher at home, immersed himself in writing and delved into learning until his death in the twelfth lunar month of the sixteenth year of Kangxi. " Ai, vice president of Shandong Zhang Erqi Research Association, said.

This Liushuwangzhuang is a very ordinary village. Later, as Mr. Zhang Jiruo became more and more famous, everyone in the county town knew it. The villagers went out to ask for their address, fearing that others would not know about Liushuwangzhuang, so they said it was "Zhangjiruozhuang". Because people in other villages admire Mr. Jiruozhuang very much, they also like to call his village "Jill Zhang Ruozhuang". In the long run, "Zhangjiruozhuang" will replace the name of Liushuwangzhuang.

In the rural areas of Jiyang, it is still widely rumored that Mr. Zhang Jiruo can give orders, ride clouds and fog, recite spells and preach beans, and be a soldier. It is said that a very ordinary paper lantern hangs in his house all the year round. The paper flowers cut and pasted on the lantern are a bean sprout and a slug. Strangely, if this kind of slug climbs to the top leaf of bean sprouts early in the morning, it will be fine; If the fruit hides under the bean leaves at the root of the bean seedling, it will be cloudy or rainy.

Legends can only be interpreted if they are refracted back to reality. Zhang Erqi's father, Zhang Su Xing, loved Confucianism all his life, but he was unable to pursue further studies due to illness as a teenager, and he regretted it all his life. He has also seen some of the world. He worked as a small official in the royal government of the Ming Dynasty. When he was appointed as a civil servant, he was sent to Shishou, Hubei Province, thousands of miles away. Three days later, he retired from his hometown for fear that his father, who was nearly old, would be left unattended.

After resigning and returning to his hometown, Zhang worked hard and took care of the housework for his father. At the same time, a famous professor was invited to personally urge his son to study hard. Xueshu is located at the right end of the gate of Zhangjia Hutong. He stopped at Xueshuyuan from time to time and was happy to hear Zhang Erqi read aloud. Occasionally, when he heard his son say something other than reading, he scolded, "Time can't pass, so why waste it by chatting?" Fortunately, I'm still strong. If I don't push myself early, it will be too late to have today's opportunity in the future. "

Although Zhang lives in a remote village and has been farming for generations, there are not many books at home, but as long as he sees rare books in bookstores or books that he doesn't have at home, he spends a lot of money to buy them, accumulating more than 5,000 copies. He also cherishes paper like gold. Occasionally, when he sees waste paper discarded on the ground, he always picks it up and puts it in his sleeve regardless of leisure and urgency, educating his sons to study diligently and cherish pen and ink.

Zhang has four sons, and the eldest is the youngest. Erqi's second brother, named Rong Er, has been blind since childhood and depends on his family to take care of his life. Erqi has always taken care of him. The third child, whose name is Erzheng, is the cleverest of the brothers. The fourth brother's name is Erchong, and the word is thick. Little erqi 13 years old.

Jia midnight to send magic soldiers

Although the Zhang family is not rich and has a stable life, they have to face the disaster of regime change. In the winter of the 11th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (AD 1638), Qing soldiers invaded Shanhaiguan and went straight to Shandong. Zhang stayed at home and let Zhang Erqi, the eldest of the family, flee with the whole family. On the way, Erzheng and Erchong were taken away. In Cangzhou, it is said that Er Chong was killed in a disorderly army, and Er Chong recovered after being chopped by Qing soldiers.

Every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. One day, A Qing's army attacked Liushuwangzhuang area. Zhang stayed at home and led his servant to escape. Everyone carries a knife, spear and stick with him in case of accidents. Unexpectedly, I happened to meet a dozen Qing cavalry. Seeing that I couldn't leave, Su Hang said to the servants, "It seems that I can't fight. If I run away, the Qing soldiers will chase and shoot, and we will die immediately. It is better to work hard and maybe have a way out. " As he spoke, he rushed to the Qing soldiers, followed by the servants. The arrows of the Qing soldiers shot at them one after another, but they all missed. Su Hang is good at riding, shooting and fighting, and all servants are willing to use their lives. They quickly approached the enemy, handed over swords, guns and clubs, killed two soldiers in tears, and the rest fled in haste.

A few days later, a neighbor named Wang Dongming, pretending to be Zhang's servant, secretly cut off the head of a killed Qing soldier and went to Jinan to receive 50 taels of silver. Jinan officials put on a show in the downtown area, saying that Zhang "grabbed a knife in his hand" was intended to inspire people. Unexpectedly, it was discovered by the Qing soldiers, who hated Su Hang. So when they returned to the north after invading the south in the second year, they were captured and killed on January 16th.

After the Lantern Festival, the brothers who were looking forward to the reunion turned around and found that in addition to the death and injury of their brothers, their father was also killed by the Qing soldiers. After this great creation, people died and their careers were gone.

This sudden heavy blow made Zhang Erqi, who was still dreaming of the imperial examination, suddenly feel like he had capsized and suddenly lost his mind. Later, he was "physically and mentally bitter and helpless" and suddenly went crazy and lost his mind. First he wanted to drown himself, and then he wanted to put on his cassock and abandon his family. It was only when he saw his mother left unattended in the hall that he had to give up. So he didn't repair the dilapidated house after the robbery, nor did he pull out the weeds in the yard. Instead, he named his hut "Haoan" and lived in seclusion all day, turning a blind eye to the world.

Zhang Erqi was born with filial piety. After his father was killed, his bed was often stained with tears and he mourned every day. To this end, he also wears colorful clothes all his life, does not eat greasy meals and does not enjoy happy music.

Faced with such changes, Zhang Erqi hated the Qing Dynasty. In folklore, there is a "joke" against Qing Dynasty. It is said that he cut a lot of paper figures, paper horses, swords and halberds and put them in the bookcase. This bookcase is usually locked, and only when Jiazi is dead of night will he quietly open it. At this time, I saw him holding the banner of the gossip of Yin and Yang, stepping on the highest day and fighting with his sword. He muttered, waving a flag in his hand, and the little paper men in the bookcase woke up from a rude awakening, riding on horses with weapons one by one and jumping out of the box with shouts of killing.

Zhang Erqi made the flag swing from side to side, and the horse moved back and forth with the left turn and right turn, which instantly became a strange array. After practicing the array method, Zhang Erqi waved the command flag and introduced Zhang Qi. The troops were divided into two teams, one attacking and the other defending. They only heard gongs and drums, shouts shook the ground, and the offensive and defensive sides killed each other. Only the bright moon is killed, and the standard is pale. After such a few times of attack and defense conversion, Zhang Erqi waved the flag and sounded the golden bell to retreat, only to see the soldiers jump into the box again and become silent and motionless.

At this time, Zhang Erqi picked up the tung oil and pigments that had already been prepared, poured them into the basin, picked up a dust brush, dipped it into the basin, blew a mouthful of French air and threw it at the bookcase. The paint was evenly sprinkled on the man like a mist. In this way, I came again twice and spilled it for 7749 times in a row. Then I closed the book box, packed it, and closed the door to sleep. In five winters and six summers, it rains and snows, and it never stops. After only 7749 days and 7749 times of painting practice, these paper men and paper horses will become magical generals. At that time, at that time, we can start the uprising. This magic soldier will immediately kill the Qing soldiers, attack them, win the battle invincible, and drive out the Tatars just around the corner.

Legend is only an allusion to people's thoughts. Although Zhang Erqi was interested in studying the art of war, he also saw that it was the general trend to establish a tripartite confrontation in the Qing Dynasty. He thought of taking the old road of learning officials and living in seclusion.

Sitting in Tianfu's wine room

If his career fails, he will find another way. Fortunately, Zhang Erqi has a deep foundation. He entered school at the age of seven, and after receiving the enlightenment education of literacy, he went from classics to history, and then to a hundred schools of thought and read widely. He also has a sense of belonging and learns from military strategists. Of course, military science should involve astronomical geography, and then learn astronomical geography. The weather is very complicated, so I studied Taiyi, Daoism, Liu Ren, Wu Yun and Feng Jiao.

At that time, for soldiers, "cruel officials kill people like grass, measure meat and bones in the kettle, live in seclusion, and burn incense every day." In the war-torn and precarious life, Zhang Erqi dared not go out and anxiously hid at home to read the Book of Changes.

Zhang Erqi, who is in his thirties, has laid a solid foundation for future research. But there is also a problem in his research, that is, "if you can't learn this, you can't go to that, and you can't go to that, so some people take that, not just that one." Studying before leaving school is so different. "Although he said this sentence with regret and modesty, it is also true. Of course, the disadvantage of learning without a unified system and plan is to get twice the result with half the effort, and it is difficult to achieve profound goals.

Especially after Zhang Erqi became a farmer and teacher at home, he often "sat among Tianfu drinkers and talked about immortals, folk skills, astrology and tombs". In my spare time, I talked with my peasant drinkers about ghosts, witch doctors, good or bad luck, yin Zhai and so on. This involved a lot of his energy, so at the age of 33, Zhang Erqi made a more different decision and began to devote himself to the study of Confucian classics, concentrating on writing and speaking.

Zhang Erqi always keeps his word. The demise of the Ming Dynasty made Zhang Erqi's study more diligent, self-disciplined and strict. He pressured himself, from reading one chapter of scripture a day to reading three chapters a day; Learning history books has increased from one book a day to two.

In the second half of Zhang Erqi's life, for more than 30 years, not a day passed without studying and taking study notes. Because the family is not rich enough and there are no candles, he burns firewood and reads books in front of the fire. It is more common to wake up at midnight when he smells chicken. It is rare that life is so hard and perseverance is so strong. When I was 66 years old, I fell ill in the spring. I still insisted on the research and compilation of the book "Biography of the Spring and Autumn Annals" until my death in the winter.

Zhang Erqi classified the learning content and made an image metaphor. The ninetieth article of Hao Temple Gossip uses the food necessary for life as a metaphor for scripture. He thinks that the Six Classics, Poetry, Books, Book of Changes, Rites, Music, Spring and Autumn Period, and the works of Confucius, Mencius, Cheng Yi and Zhu are like whole grains, which are indispensable for one day. And some biographies, annotations and explanations of the Six Classics and Four Books, such as vegetables, salt and jam, are all necessary seasonings for catering; Without these ingredients, there is no taste, and it is even difficult to swallow and digest.

Zhang Erqi's thoughts are also of great benefit today. He once suggested that scholars should first explore the original intention of the painstaking writings of the ancients, and find out a model suitable for social development from the natural order, ethics, laws and regulations, words and deeds, customs and people's feelings contained in the schoolbags such as Yili written by the ancients, so as to correct the chaos of social order and the proliferation of truancy since the late Ming Dynasty.

There is a legacy about the three ceremonies.

Gu once said in the article "Stone Light": "I am not as good as Zhang Jiruo because I am proficient in Three Rites and outstanding in learning classics."

"Outstanding master", this sentence is very insightful. The main experience of Zhang Erqi's life is "Village Sentence Reader". What do you read? At that time, it was natural to read "classics" sentence by sentence. It should be noted that the Classic is very difficult to read. Ordinary teachers just swallow dates, pretend not to understand, and cheat students and parents. Zhang Erqi, otherwise he will regard reading sentences as scientific research.

Zhao Lisheng, a well-known historian, once wrote that Zhang Erqi's book Yi Li is one of the research achievements. Etiquette is one of the "three rites". "Three Rites" have their own characteristics: "Zhou Li" stresses the big system, economic system and political system; But its disadvantages are low reliability and mixed authenticity; The Book of Rites is a reading note for learning rites and music that appeared sporadically after Confucius, and people called it "zero paste incense". "Yili" is about the daily life habits, diet, weddings, funerals, banquets, sacrifices, shooting, costumes and so on of the upper class in pre-Qin Dynasty. There are many pre-Qin customs that can be traced back. Among the "three rites", it is the most reliable. But most people find it hard to read. So since Wang Anshi's "Yili" was demoted to a scholar, I have no interest in this ancient book.

As a responsible teacher, Zhang Erqi wants to sort out this ancient book. He compiled 65,438+00 volumes of Notes on Zheng Xuanli's Sentences in Han Dynasty, referring to the achievements of many scholars in previous dynasties and combining his own research and judgment. Through constant concentration, Zhang Erqi interpreted Zheng Xuan's notes, so it was called Reading Yi Li's Zheng Notes and Sentences.

"Zhang Erqi not only studied and sorted out Yili, but also studied Zhouyi. He has made great efforts in the study of Zhouyi, which can be seen from Hao 'an's Bagua. There are more than 100 reading notes in the book, about a quarter of which are about reading. " Ai Yiming introduced.

In Zhao Lisheng's view, the methods used by Zhang Erqi in studying Zhouyi can be said to be a combination of low-level methods and advanced methods. For example, he said that the Book of Changes became more complicated for later generations, and the "Ten Wings" was added later. The ancients were simple and simple, and they could name a family only by divination. Hesitation was enough. "After the false daily necessities, people's intelligence is out of date." At first glance, this seems to be a retrogressive thinking, but it is not. Ancient people used primitive comprehensive thinking, and later people used branch logical thinking. Zhang's "intelligence" refers to the original comprehensive thinking.

For another example, Zhang Erqi said that the "phase" between hexagrams can be divided into three relationships: bias, complement and inclination. In this interpretation, it is permeated with the meaning of dialectics. For another example, he said in the Introduction to Zhouyi that things should not be too specific, and it is easy to become rigid if they are too specific. Profession leads to stagnation. So the more detailed, the more lost. "This is obviously about the limitations of formal logic methods.

Zhang Erqi proposed that besides specialization, an abstract generalization was needed, and his original words were iconicity. "Shadow-like" means "those who can't have both; This principle cannot be combined with another, and the image of rationality is both. " This is what classic writers often say, rationalism will transform perceptual materials and make people's understanding deeper, more correct and more complete.

Zhang Erqi asked himself, can the 64 hexagrams and 380 hexagrams completely cover the movement, stillness and change of people, things and things in the universe? "Specifically, can't; But abstractly speaking, from the perspective of shadow, yes. " He answered himself, so he advocated that the study of Zhouyi should "get rid of stagnation" of Zhang Qi's Introduction, that is, to overcome metaphysics and restore the dialectics of the ancients as much as possible.

When Zhang Erqi studied Laozi, his method was also advanced. He put aside the annotation and thought that the "righteousness" in Laozi could be interpreted. He felt that people's explanations of Laozi in the past, such as adding tea to make it bitter, sugar to make it sweet, salt to make it salty and vinegar to make it sour, were different from the original taste of water. In this way, he felt the superiority of independent thinking.

Heaven never doubts whether there is anything.

Talking about Zhang Erqi's philosophical thoughts, the first piece of his Hao An Ji, Tian Lun, is the first one. The editor put it at the top of the book, and in fact it is also the most representative. The most striking thing is that some of Zhang Erqi's arguments coincide with Wang Fuzhi, the thinker with the highest ideological level in17th century.

More than two thousand years ago, the great thinker Xun Kuang talked about the relationship between "heaven" and "man". Xunzi described "heaven" as a cauldron in people's minds. He preached that "heaven is unknowable" and "man can't compete with heaven", and man should make clear the distinction between heaven and man, that is to say, heaven has a vocation and man can't help it. Compared with this argument, Zhang Erqi's argument has obviously improved a lot.

Zhang Erqi began by refuting "the unknowability of heaven". In his view, the theorists of "the unknowable nature of heaven" are some people with decadent outlook on life. They struggle for this. They think that "the nature of heaven" is unfair, and the fortunes of good and evil are not fulfilled, so they say that "heaven has no way".

Zhang Erqi believes that this kind of understanding will "mourn the gentleman's heart and anger the villain's heart." He thinks it is necessary to discuss this issue from the perspective of social morality and philosophy. He started with "the harmony between man and nature". "Harmony between man and nature" is not a new proposition. Xun Kuang also talked about "the division between man and nature", but Zhang Erqi took a materialistic tone to the question from the beginning, saying that the unity of man and nature is based on qi. What is "Qi"? It's a substance in motion. He said that "heaven" sends its qi to people, and "quality" appears, and "things" arise from quality, and the evolution of things becomes "potential".

Coincidentally, Wang Fuzhi also likes to talk about "potential". He said the word "potential" was "subtle". Zhang Erqi said that good and evil in the world, good and evil, are all related to "potential". Specifically, it is the "qi" that is given to people from heaven. When people accept this qi, they become "fate". If the qi is turbid, it will be long and short, more and less, and life will bend and stretch. Wang Fuzhi speaks better than him. He said, "Being accepted in heaven is." Heaven keeps giving orders to people, and people are constantly being ordered by heaven. Wang Fuzhi called this "coagulation".

After what Zhang and Wang said, the mysterious things materialized, and the dead and mechanical things lived. Zhang further said that things accumulate into potential, but they are not unified. It depends on the positive "points", including quantity and quality. When the integral is accumulated, the potential becomes, and the potential becomes the sky. Therefore, the key lies in people's "self-motivation" or "doing what they can". Expressed in modern vocabulary, the transformation of quantitative change and qualitative change determines whether it is possible.

In this way, people's initiative has been greatly stimulated. He told people that "fate" is not predetermined, not dead, but alive, and can be fought for, and fate can be adjusted artificially. This kind of thinking will naturally lead to an optimistic and positive life.

This thought also guided Zhang Erqi himself. After he lived in seclusion, he also taught and became a farmer, which is more like a "half farmer". Therefore, he is not only familiar with farmers, but also has deep feelings with them. When the weather is dry, he is like a farmer. When the rain flooded, he was as anxious as the farmers; When the crops suffered, he was as miserable and worried as the farmers.

Zhang Erqi once said: "Proud people are harmless to others and harmful to themselves." Therefore, although he is knowledgeable and a great scholar, he does not despise farmers, nor does he put on the sour airs of old literati. Farmers' neighbors are not far away from him, but close to him. They are willing to consult him when they have doubts, talk to him when they have troubles and worries, and ask him for help when they are in trouble. They regard him as a completely reliable friend and teacher.

A neighbor's unfortunate son died prematurely. In grief, he thought it was ill-fated. He found Zhang Erqi and asked him for divination. Zhang Erqi, who had the same experience, advised him: "It is doubtful whether there is heaven. It's sad that your son died unfortunately, but it's no use asking ghosts and gods about it. Alas! I hope you can have a big fat man again. "

For his son who died young, Zhang Erqi "couldn't sleep with his eyes open". He choked back his grief and said to his neighbors, "It's already very sad that his son died young, let alone carry on the family line. It's a pity to eat chaff and swallow vegetables to raise such a large family. But death is far away and hard to know, even people who meet fortune tellers again can't figure it out. I hope fortune-telling can find a way to change my fate, even if I cry my tears dry, I can't get an answer. You'd better go back and farm well, persuade yourself and free yourself! "

Zhang Erqi sympathizes with his neighbor, but he can't help him. We can only persuade him to deal with bad luck rationally and strongly. After the neighbors left, he was unhappy and could not let go for a long time, so he wrote a seven-meter poem to eliminate the obstacles in his chest. As the poem says, God has never doubted whether there is anything, and it is difficult to entrust this matter to the gods. I don't want a fire by accident, so I don't know when to shoot arc. If you don't make a plan for a hundred years, you will be poor. Signs of Shang Quzhao are hard to distinguish, and trying to knock Xuan Jing's eyes has dried up.

Who handed down the Kangcheng family law?

At the age of 46, Zhang Erqi first met Gu in Zhangqiu. Until the death of Zhang Erqi, the two kept in touch with each other in poetry books and respected each other as teachers. Gu personally prefaced Zhang Erqi's book Reading Sentences on Zheng Zhuli.

At the age of 62, Zhang Erqi, a rural teacher, was employed by the Provincial Records Museum to participate in the compilation of Shandong Tongzhi, which was a great event in his life. His level of making friends has been improved, and his social interaction and vision have been broadened and improved as never before. In the process of compiling Jinan local chronicles, Zhang Erqi not only deepened his friendship with Gu, but also made friends from other places such as Li, Liu Konghuai and Xue Fengzuo. These people were well-known scholars and anti-Qing people at that time. Because Gu is proficient in ancient and modern classics and history, he has the most profound knowledge, so he edited "Monuments and Mountains"; Xue Fengzuo is proficient in natural meteorology, familiar with Chinese and Western geography, and edited Astronomical Geography. Zhang Erqi is the editor-in-chief of Local People.

In the days of editing Shandong Tongzhi, Zhang Erqi had more heart-to-heart with Gu. The task was completed, and the parting was just around the corner. Gu presented a poem "Ji Mao's Summer Message to Mr. Ruo's Study": "White Room sees the wind vane and sighs. Jishui is cold and clear in summer, and Ishida is a late seedling. Teaching six books for a long time is endless, which can make the combination of words disappear. I am so happy. I am eager to see my uncle Huang. I often listen to lectures. "

Gu's poems profoundly describe Zhang Erqi's poor, lonely and difficult seclusion life. The poem praises Zhang Erqi's noble sentiment of dedicating himself to Confucian classics and enduring loneliness, praises Zhang Erqi's profound knowledge, and compares Zhang Erqi to Huang Shudu, a famous man in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In order to make friends with Zhang Erqi, Gu secretly rejoiced and went to the door for advice many times, but he didn't feel tired, so he could get a glimpse of Gu's evaluation of Zhang Erqi.

Li recorded in his Zhi Zhai Ji: "Every morning, every evening, my ears are hot and drunk, and my friends get together for a long time." After work, we get together, in the morning when the flowers are overflowing, and on the night when the moonlight is bright, we are flushed and hot ... The happiness of getting along with friends has never been so long.

These like-minded people worked together for three years until they successfully completed the task of compiling records and returned to their respective places. In the third year, in the autumn when Zhang Erqi was 64 years old, it was probably time to leave. Zhang Erqi and Gu, Li and Xue Fengzuo visited Daming Lake by boat.

In the 14th year of Kangxi (A.D. 1675), 64-year-old Zhang Erqi said goodbye to his friends and returned to his hometown from Jinan to continue studying and writing Confucian classics. In the spring of the 16th year of Kangxi (A.D. 1677), he fell ill, and he still insisted on the research and writing of the book "Special Meaning in the Spring and Autumn Period". In winter, his illness worsened, and he died in the second half of the twelfth lunar month at the age of 66. Before his death, he dictated the epitaph and briefly described his life.

When Zhang Erqi died, he wrote his will in calligraphy. In his will, he said that he was neither a student nor a student. He's just Chu Shi on the battlefield. "One hundred years later, I will put on Chu Shi's clothes and be buried in a coffin. I buried my mother yesterday, so I can't prepare for it because I am poor. I can't make it thicker. What's more, your generation is poorer than in the past. How can you take the blame? " He also said: "extravagance and waste is a bad habit recently." It is good for the ancients to be buried naked and correct the customs. "

Sons and nephews obey Zhang Erqi's will, and the burial after death is very simple. There are no coffins, few funerary objects and no graves. Just a pile of loess, buried in the graves of ordinary farmers.

Gu of Lishan, Yongji, Shanxi wrote a poem entitled "I am shocked to learn that Zhang Erqi passed away." The poem said: I looked sad in Shandong and suddenly reported that my husband had gone to Jiuquan; After sending books and hanging swords, send ten places before the attack; The cross gate is cold in the nest, and the tomb is dry. Since then, Shandong has asked for three gifts. Who handed down the Kangcheng family law?

The main idea of the poem is that I suddenly heard the news of Mr. Zhang Erqi's death and looked at the East from Mount Li, feeling sad. Before, Mr. Wang also gave me 10 copies of the books he worked so hard to write. "Ten attacks" refers to "reading sentences and remembering rituals"; But now the book sent to Mr. Wang Can is just like the allusion of "hanging sword", which he can't accept personally. Here, Gu used allusions to mourn Zhang Erqi, saying that his friend died and was buried in an ancient grave. From then on, I can no longer discuss the Book of Rites with my husband and ask for "three rites". Since then, who has systematically inherited the Zheng Xuan School in the Han Dynasty? Between the lines of the poem, Gu spoke highly of Zhang Erqi's profound friendship and historical position.