Brief introduction of xingguo temple.

Shexian is the seat of the ancient Huizhou government, and Lianjiang flows under the old city. Lianjiang is the largest tributary of Xin 'anjiang River, which is formed by the confluence of abundant capital, promoting it and distributing it. Since ancient times, it has been one of the main distribution centers for products exported from southern Anhui to Zhejiang. On the west side of Lianjiang River is Gan Xi with beautiful scenery. Because it is adjacent to Fucheng, it has always been a place for Huizhou officials, businessmen and scholars to dine and visit.

In the second year of Li Yuan Jiande in Tang Gaozu (AD 757), Xingtang Temple was built on the banks of the Gan Xi River. The temple gate stands between the two peaks, the main hall is towering, the wings of the cloister rotate, the monk's room is stacked on the mountain, there is an icon pavilion flying over the two rocks, and there is a heart pavilion behind the icon pavilion. The weather of the whole temple is magnificent, with clouds above and rivers below, which is the best place in the city. Because the temple is located in the west of the water, the locals used to call it "Shuixi Temple".

When Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, traveled to Huizhou, he visited the temple and left a poem entitled "Xing 'an Shuixi Temple", which wrote: "The Xiaoguo Temple on the Tiantai is called the Four Wonders in the World. I'm here to visit the Tang Dynasty, no different from China. Flowers and trees block the clouds, and the mountains are covered with snow. There is a stream outside the threshold, which flows back to the moon several times. "Tiantai Temple is the ancestral home of Tiantai Sect. With the support of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, it has already become a world-famous temple, so Li Bai called it one of the four wonders of the world. Today, Li Bai compares Xingtang Temple with Xiaoguo Temple, calling it "more unique", which shows that the scale and status of Xingtang Temple at that time were also extraordinary.

Li Yu was in the last year of Tang Daizong Dali (779), when Lu Wei, then Sima of Huizhou, built a hall in the open space next to the temple as a place where he studied during his official duties. When Lu left Huizhou for his post, this reading room was left to the Confucian Temple. Later generations remembered Lu Wei's achievements in Huizhou and converted it into a Confucian Temple.

Until the end of Yuan Dynasty in Li Shizhen, Tang Dezong (805), when Zhang You, a Yi nationality, described Xingtang Temple in Biography of Piyun Pavilion in Zhangzhou, he said, "The cloister flies, the flying pavilion rises, and Wanjiajingyi is in my home, and the real party wins it, almost." It can be seen that Xingtang Temple is still as brilliant as ever after 150 years.

When Xingtang Temple flourished, many temples were built around it, which were cast under the gate of Xingtang Temple and became the lower house (or other courtyards) of Xingtang Temple. Among them, the most famous are Luohan Temple, Ruyi Temple, Jingzang Temple, Yijue Temple, Fu Sheng Temple, Wuming Temple and Changqing Temple. The exact number is unknown. But the monks in these temples are all called "Shuixi Temple Monks".

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, there was a monk named Qinglan in the temple. He was aloof and profound in Zen, but he made friends with Guan Xiu, a monk from Hongzhi, Wuzhou. Guan Xiu was a famous painting monk in the late Tang Dynasty. When Guan Xiu was traveling, the "Longhua Jingshe" who lived in the temple painted a Buddha (Sakyamuni Buddha), two great men (Manjushri and Pu Xian Bodhisattva) and sixteen arhats for the temple. In 908, The Sixteen Arhats was collected by Wang Jian, king of the former Shu (one of the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries) and kept in Chengdu Palace. A month later, Wang Jian, the Lord of Shu, dreamed that there were fifteen or six monks who claimed to be monks in the territory and asked them to go back. So I sent my wife (eunuch) to send the atlas back to the temple. So, I changed "Longhua Jingshe" to "Meng Ying Luohan Temple", which is referred to as "Luohan Temple" for short. However, there is a folk legend: Guan Xiu lived in a temple and dreamed of Lohan at night. When he woke up the next day, he drew it according to the image of Lohan he saw in his dream, hence the name "Lohan Dream". Ouyang Jiong, a bachelor of Song Hanlin, once wrote a poem about it. The poem says: "Suddenly I saw the real thing in my dream, took off my cassock and touched the magic pen." By the end of the Ming Dynasty, the official records of the Apocalypse Dynasty only contained one or two pages of this album, and the rest no longer existed, and I don't know where to go.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the rebels rose and warlords scuffled, and Xingtang Temple was seriously damaged in the war. In the year of Guangfu (902), it was restored by Wu (Lord of Five Dynasties and Ten Countries) and renamed as "yanshou temple". But yanshou temple didn't make Miss Yang live longer. In the second year (908), only five years later, Mr. Yang was killed by Mr. Xu Wen.

In 937, the area south of the Yangtze River was once again controlled by Libian in the Southern Tang Dynasty, so yanshou temple was renamed Xingtang Temple.

Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin Kaibao nine years (976), Zhao Kuangyin was seriously ill. In order to pray for the emperor's life, "Xingtang Hall" was changed to "Yanshou Hall". Similarly, the longevity hall failed to prolong the emperor's life, so he fell ill on his back that year.

Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi acceded to the throne. Since the second year of Taiping Xingguo, some monasteries with a little scale have been changed to "Taiping xingguo temple" named after their titles, so "Taiping xingguo temple" was spread all over the state capitals and even counties. In the fourth year (979), yanshou temple was changed to Taiping xingguo temple, and an annular altar was built. Every Christmas (the emperor's birthday), (Ni) is given an anklet (monk 250, monk 360), which is uniformly distributed by the court. Since then, (Ni) has been upgraded to a monk (Ni). "Taiping xingguo temple" is the only temple with an altar in Huizhou. There are 24 other courtyards under it, which naturally becomes the first temple in Huizhou, and the eastern foot of Gan Xi has almost become a Buddhist country.

In the third year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1 12 1), Huang Bei, a squire from Yinan, and Zhang Yingzhou jointly raised funds. On the left side of Changqing Temple, under the stage of Fang Shu (now called Changqing Tower), a seven-level square tower was built, with the inscription of Monk Yonglang. During the Yuan Dynasty and Chenghua years, Zhang was rebuilt twice, in the Ming Dynasty.

At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, in the fourth year of Xuanhe in Evonne, Song Huizong (1 122), Li Kui, then assistant minister of the official department, built the "Zhutian Pavilion" in front of Xingguo Temple in Taiping. Although this pavilion was not built by Taiping xingguo temple, it is also a Buddhist building, and its offering is to "protect heaven (God)", so it has always been protected by monks in the temple. At the beginning, there were sixteen pavilions, which were burnt down in the fourth year of Yuan Chengzong Dade (1300). Sometimes, the founder of Songjiang Caifu, Wang Kongzhao (word Defu), rebuilt his father and son, and the scale increased to 46. Ascending to the pavilion and seeing one side win, the monk Taiping Temple offered sacrifices to the neutral shrine in the pavilion. Unfortunately, in the twenty-eight years from the end of Yuan Dynasty to Zheng Zheng (1368), it was destroyed by the war again. Reconstruction of the Monk Face of Taiping xingguo temple in the Early Ming Dynasty (unknown age). Since the "Zhutian Pavilion" was built, it must pass through Shuixi Temple, and its importance is self-evident. However, many people ignore it and make corrections.

The Song Dynasty was the most prosperous time of Taiping xingguo temple, and the eminent monks and great virtues were inexhaustible. However, since the Tang Dynasty, all his teachings have been passed down in Qingyuan, such as Monk Maoyuan and Zen Master Qian. However, from the late Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty, the Dharma system in Cao Dong has become the mainstream of Taiping, especially for example, Fu Yuan in northern Song Zhezong became a monk in Shuixi Fu Sheng Hospital in the second year, and was later called the descendant of Xuedou Zen Master, and later became the wisdom of Luchang Yanshou Zen Master.

By the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan army had invaded the south, people's livelihood was depressed and the population was constantly fleeing. The temple in Shuixi was badly damaged. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, there were only 12 other 24 hospitals in Taiping xingguo temple, namely Changqing, Guanyin, Luohan, Ruyi, Miaofa, Jingming, Jingzang, Heteropathy, Chongshou, Fu Sheng, Wuming and Lan Ruo.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, peasant uprising swept the country. After the Yuan Dynasty was overthrown, the separatist forces in the south of the Yangtze River struggled for many years. Zhejiang, Anhui and Hubei became the main battlefield, and Huizhou was not spared. During this period, Kannonji, Chongshou Temple and Lanre Temple were damaged. So even if it is peaceful, there are ten temples in Shuixi. This is the origin of the so-called "Ten Water West Temple".

From the early Qing Dynasty to the middle Qing Dynasty, literati in Taiping xingguo temple often met here, where calligraphy and painting met, poetry was sung, and incense reached its peak again. The reason is the arrival of a monk, Jianjiang monk-Master Hongren.

Hong Ren was born in the thirty-eighth year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty 16 10. Its common surname is Jiang, whose name is Tao, the word Liu Qi, also known as Fang, and the word Ou Meng. Taohuawu, Dongguan, Shexian County. Teenagers fall in the family way, and worship the five classics of Wang Xue, a famous local Confucian scholar. Although he lived a poor life, he was filial to his mother and never married.

When Hong Ren was thirty-six years old, that is, the second year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1645), the Qing army captured Huizhou, and Hong Ren and his disciples went to Fujian to join the Nanming Wangtang regime to resist the Qing Dynasty. The following year, I failed and went to Wuyishan to avoid embarrassment. In the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), according to the Jianyang ancient road, Master Chuan Chan became a monk. His dharma name is Hong Ren, and his name is Jian Jiang. He has no wisdom. From then on, I no longer use ordinary names.

In the sixth year of Shunzhi (1649), Hong Ren returned from Fujian and stayed in Taiping xingguo temple. Besides meditation, Hong Ren devoted his main energy to artistic activities such as poetry and painting creation. Painters include Fa Song, Yuan, You Chongnizan and Huang. Although Hong Ren painted the ancients, it was more natural. After I came back, I went to visit Huangshan and Fuchun every year, and took 50 photos of the true scenery of Huangshan with the true mountains and waters as the manuscript. The pen and ink are vigorous and neat, full of elegance and unconventional, giving people a fresh feeling and creating a new style of Chinese painting. As the founder of "Xin 'an Painting School", he, Cha Shibiao, Sun Yi and Wang Zhirui are also called "the four great painters in Xin 'an", and Kun Can, Shi Tao and Badashanren are also called the four great painters in the early Qing Dynasty.

Hong Ren is also good at poetry and calligraphy, and is known as the "three musts" of poetry and calligraphy. He studied regular script Yan Zhenqing and running script Ni Yunlin, and also studied stereotyped writing and seal script. Poetry as a painting is a collection of poems collected by later generations.

As a monk, Hong Ren's painting style is cold, quiet and clean, which makes people feel chilly and sad. Another example is the water of an ancient well, the spring ice of a jade lake, and there is no trace of dust and customs.

In his later years, Hong Ren retired to Chengguanxuan of Wuming Temple to concentrate on poetry and painting, away from the troubles of officials and businessmen. He died in the second year of Kangxi (1663) and was buried next to Wuming Temple. Jianjiang Tomb and Unknown Spring still exist today, and they are cultural protection units in Huizhou.

In the first year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1853), Huizhou was captured by Taiping Army, and all the Ten Temples in Shuixi were destroyed by war, and it was never rebuilt in the next hundred years.