What is important after death? The deceased is the biggest.

Everyone should be respected after death. So there are folk customs. These customs are the last wishes for the dead. In fact, the deceased just changed his life in another world, and maybe his life will be better in the future. In order to make the deceased feel at ease, people are very particular after death. Let's learn about luck and evil together!

1. Xiaoguan: When the deceased was nearing the end of his life, his family quickly cleaned his body and put on a shroud, commonly known as Xiaoguan. Shrouds are cotton or silk coats and undershirts. Satin and fur are forbidden. Black is a forbidden color. The number of clothes to wear is not double. The best is to have seven collars, some only wear three or two, and more collars need to be sewn. Nail strips of cloth on the shroud instead of buttons. After putting on the shroud, give the deceased 1 copper coins or 1 pearls, and then let the deceased hold coins in one hand and millet cakes in the other, which is called "beating dog cakes". Legend has it that the deceased used it against hungry ghosts and evil dogs in the underworld. Cover the deceased with a quilt and cover his face with yellow paper or white cloth. Then, move the coffin bed to the middle of the hall, and put a table in front of the coffin bed for a bowl full of uncooked millet dry rice, which is called "pouring rice". After the family burned incense, paper and mourned, the children knelt beside the coffin bed and were buried with them. At this time, it is "obeying the ceremony".

2. Mourning: Send people to relatives, friends and neighbors to mourn immediately after death. Most upper-class families in the city send invitations first, asking people from relatives and friends to help with the funeral. The general manager is responsible for funeral services, as well as inner cabinets, outer cabinets, kitchen managers and guests. Send "Ban Long note" and obituary to relatives and friends. The format of the obituary needs a proper title. All the names are male, the one whose father died is called Soliton, the one whose mother died is called Sad Son, and both parents are called Orphan Sad Son. Family members of some officials and businessmen also issued "mourning" and "behavior" with the obituaries. Mourning is a notice named after the dutiful son, which records the life of the deceased in detail and praises his words and deeds; A statement is a biography written by a celebrity for the deceased, which is used to collect obituaries, tributes and inscriptions. A piece of white paper is pasted obliquely on the gate and door of the funeral home, which is called "closing the door". Then use a 2-foot straw to clamp some fire paper and insert it on the big door frame. The male funeral is inserted on the left and the female funeral is inserted on the right, which is called "out of the bill", indicating that there is a funeral at home.

3. Wearing mourning clothes: commonly known as "Dai Xiao". The family members of the deceased wore white robes and sewed white cloth on their shoes to cover the uppers, which were called "mourning" and "wearing shoes" respectively, collectively called "breaking filial piety". The sons, daughters-in-law and unmarried daughters of the deceased should wear linen towels and hemp ropes outside their mourning clothes. The dutiful son wears a white cloth towel with a linen crown on it, and two cotton balls are dropped next to the towel. If the father is still alive, he will be nailed to the right, and if the mother is still alive, he will show extreme grief and turn a deaf ear to foreign affairs. Filial daughters wear white cloth (called white hair) and white hair ropes. In the old funeral system, intimacy was regarded as equal difference, and there were five kinds of funerals, namely, declining, Cui Zi, meritorious service, meritorious service, and hemp removal, which were collectively called "five clothes". Interception is the heaviest mourning, and the service period is 3 years; Cui Zi is second to Shuanfei, with a service period of 1 year; The service period is 9 months, 5 months and 3 months.

4. Description: On the night of death, family members bought various paper sticks (commonly known as colored sticks) and burned them outside the gate. If the deceased is male, the paper horse and groom will be burned, and if the deceased is female, the paper sedan chair and bearers will be burned. When it was burning, the children turned around the fire three times and then turned around three times, shouting the title of the deceased and shouting: "Go to the southwest!" " It is also called "burning the head of the son of man" to guide the dead.

Five, reported to the temple: also known as "send slurry water". On the day of his death, the dutiful son led his children and grandchildren to carry a wooden tray with incense burners, incense and fire paper on it, and carry a bucket of pulp to the earth temple or crossroads to burn incense and paper and pour water. Legend has it that after death, people go to the earth temple first and then to the underworld. This move is to bribe the earth god to take care of the dead who went to the underworld and give water as a gift to the wild ghosts to prevent the dead from being bullied. The pulp needs to be delivered for three days, and for the last time, the son-in-law and nephew will also go together. After delivering the water, I went home crying, and then burned incense and paper to mourn.

Six, send the travelling expenses: send the medicine, and then send the travelling expenses, that is, send the travelling expenses to the dead in the west. Most people in the city are at the street corner not far from the gate, while in the countryside, at the crossroads outside the village, they burn some gold and silver paper-wrapped ingots, kerbs, paper with money tickets, and some paper-tied colors, including cows, horses, sedan chairs, Jinshan, Yinshan and Jubao plates. When burning, the family offered sacrifices to show off the dead and set off for the Western Heaven.

Seven, pick up three, send three: On the third night after death, the family members walked out of the door with wooden trays filled with incense burners, incense sticks and burning paper, facing the southwest, lit incense and stood on the wall, and the family members bowed to the ground. One person unplugs the single fork inserted in the big door frame, and uses the single fork to take incense and put it in the tray. At this time, the whole family should be quiet, offer food in front of the coffin, bow down in turn, retreat to the outside, close the door, wait for an hour or so before opening the door, then burn incense and paper, bow down, put the incense burner on the wooden tray, take it outside the door, and bow down to the southwest, indicating that the deceased will be sent away and then go home to mourn. This move is considered to bring the dead home, save their eyesight and then send them back to the underworld, commonly known as "receiving three" and "sending three", which was called "evocation" ceremony in ancient times.

Eight, great mourning: commonly known as "mourning." After death, the family will color the prepared coffin. Most coffins bought by rich people are cypress, followed by Chinese fir, which needs to be painted three or four times. Most poor people's houses are willow thin-plate coffins with only one layer of black outside, commonly known as "big head boxes". When buried, the coffin was carried to one side of the coffin bed, and several people carried the dead. First move the mattress and pillow into the coffin, and then slowly put the body into the coffin. At this point, the family members once again dipped the cotton ball in the face of the deceased and asked the deceased to close his eyes and shut his mouth. Family members should hold back their grief and not shed tears on the face of the deceased. Then put the sacrifice in the coffin. Before the Republic of China, wealthy families used gold, silver and jewels as sacrifices; In the future, valuables are used less and less as sacrifices. When the sacrifice is completed, the coffin will be covered and sold. At this time, the child will kneel down and say, "Dad (Mom)! Close the nail! " Otherwise, there is a saying that nails are hard to get in. On the coffin head, white lead oil is used to write "a coffin with a certain word and several lines", while in rural areas, only white or red paint is used to write the word "Fu" on the coffin head. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, if he had an official position before his death, he covered the coffin with a whole piece of red silk with the highest official title of the deceased written in white lead powder.

Nine, the point of the Lord: after the funeral, the family set up a wooden tablet for the deceased, called the "God Lord." It is also a memorial tablet for ancestors. During the funeral of a rich official and businessman, a grand ceremony of book owner and point owner should be held. Before you lose your family, please ask someone to write down God's master card. God's main card is about 2 inches wide and 6 inches high. The middle line reads "God of a certain house", and the date of birth and death is written next to it, and it reads "Honor a certain man". The word "Lord" written on it is not marked, so leave it to the "Lord" to mark with a ballpoint pen. The owner should be a prestigious person, but not a law enforcement officer who has been a magistrate, magistrate, etc. Because he was afraid that he would point the names of the prisoners with rosary beads. When ordering the master, there will be a praise to the Lord, accompanied by two distinguished guests, and the master will be ordered with a brush dipped in pearl sand. After dinner, the dutiful son will take off his robes, put on plain clothes, put on a red carpet, kneel down and knock on the door to thank him, and hold a banquet in honor of the book owner, the point owner and the distinguished guests.

X. crane opening: crane opening is the biggest funeral. On the opening day, relatives and friends come to pay homage to the coffin, which is called "mourning" and "mourning". The eldest son of the deceased knelt on the left side of the spirit to answer, and his sons and nephews knelt on the right side. "The staff was born in the mourning period" (the staff is the staff taken in the mourning period; Period, is a year's funeral. "Fishing rod period" refers to the period of taking fishing rods; Those who don't use sticks are called "no-stick period", such as the first son's funeral for his mother. "Husband and wife's clothes, if parents are absent, are also born with sticks") or "service brother" stands on the left side of the altar, and "service brother without sticks" or "service brother" stands on the lower right side of the altar to thank the clothes rack. The harem knelt on both sides of the coffin, and when undertaker mourned, they wept together. There is a mat in front of the coffin, and there is a custom in Jinan. The female clothes hanger cries first and then salutes, and the male clothes hanger kowtows or bows three times. The hoisting day takes one to three days. During this period, the shopkeeper was responsible for accepting the "libation", and undertaker sent more burnt paper, tin foil, sacrifice account, etc. , some also send elegiac couplet, money and so on. After the 1940s, it was mainly cash. At the opening ceremony, mourners hired music classes to play funeral music, and some also invited monks and Taoists to recite scriptures to cross over the dead.

1 1. Warm pot: Before liberation, in the countryside, usually the night before the deceased was buried, family members brought pots, firewood, cooking oil and good cake dough to the dug cemetery pancakes, commonly known as "warm pots" for the deceased. After the cake is fried, it is taken home for the whole family to eat, which is called having the last meal with the dead. This custom gradually disappeared after liberation.

Introduction: commonly known as "mourning", "mourning" and "mourning", it is the last funeral before burying the dead. There are big funerals and small funerals. In the past, there were specialized funeral shops. Usually only eight people attend the funeral, and several drummers play funeral music. There are 16 people, many trumpeters, and several couples of ceremony masters. The largest funeral involves 24 or 32 people, and the most is 48 or 64 people, but it is rare. Shuang Mu painted melons, axes, cymbals, snow willows and plain flags. There are also some honor guards who can stand one kilometer away.

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