Introduce the background of Du Fu's "Climbing Yueyang Tower" and enjoy it.

Information of Du Fu's "Climbing Yueyang Tower"

Name: Dengyueyang Building

Year: Tang Dynasty

Author: Du Fu

Genre: Five-character Rhyme

original work

Climbing Yueyang Tower

I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I have finally climbed to this tower.

Wu Chu ② southeast tile ③, I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth ④.

But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat.

There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and tears are shed by leaning on the porch.

Annotation translation

To annotate ...

① Yueyang Tower: It is a tourist attraction in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, adjacent to Dongting Lake.

② Wu Chu: the names of two countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, located in the areas of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Teal: It's cracked. The vast Wu Chu is separated by Dongting Lake.

③ Tiling: separating and dividing. This refers to Dongting Lake, which separates Wu Chu from other places and is very open.

(4) Gankun Sun and Moon (a kind of "night") float: the sun, the moon, the stars and the earth float on Dongting Lake day and night. Volume 38 of Notes to the Water Classics says, "The lake is more than 500 miles wide, and the sun and the moon haunt it." Gan Kun: This refers to the sun and the moon.

⑤ Old illness: Du Fu is 57 years old, suffering from lung disease and hearing loss in his right ear. There is a lone boat: it is uncertain that there is only one leaf falling. The poet spent his old age on a boat. This sentence is about Du Fu's life.

To the north of this wall are wars and mountains: at that time, Tubo invaded Lingwu, Ningxia, and Shaanxi Cun (bρn). The imperial court shook and quickly mobilized troops to resist the enemy. Charger: War. In autumn and winter this year, Tubo once again invaded Longyou and Guanzhong areas.

7 leaning against the corridor: leaning against the window. Tears flow: tears can't help flowing. Snoring: tears and runny nose indicate tears.

translate

I have heard of the world-famous Dongting Lake, and today I was lucky enough to climb Yueyang Tower by the lake.

The image of the Great Lakes separates the southeast of Wu Chu, and the image of heaven and earth floats on the lake day and night.

Wandering relatives and friends don't say a word, and the old and weak live in this lonely boat.

The war in Guanshan North has not stopped. I looked out of the window and exchanged tears with my family.

works appreciation

Notes on the title or background of a book.

In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu went out of the gorge to roam the two lakes, and wandered in Jiangling, Gongan and other places because of the mutiny. This poem is about climbing Yueyang Tower and looking at my hometown. The poet wrote that the extraordinary momentum of Wang Yang in Dongting is a touching work. The first couplet was famous for Dongting, but it was not until the next year that the wish to witness the famous lake was realized. On the surface, it is the joy of climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time. In fact, I want to express my feelings that my early ambitions have not been realized so far. Zhuan Xu is a vast Dongting. The neck couplet is about the feeling that political life is bumpy, wandering around the world and talents are not met. At the end of the couplet, I wrote the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and not being able to serve the country. Although the scenery is only two sentences, it shows exquisite skills. Although the lyrics are desolate and lonely, they are naturally effortless. The rhyme of the whole poem is accurate, and it is set off before and after, which is seamless.

Enjoy 1

The first link is intertwined with reality, and the comparison between the past and the present expands the field of time and space. I have heard about the fame of Dongting for a long time, but it was not until my twilight years that I realized my wish to see this famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. In the final analysis, it is to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake.

Zhuan Xu is a vast Dongting. Dongting Lake is full of Wu Chu, the sun and the moon are floating, and the waves lift the sky and are boundless. I don't know how many clouds the old man swallowed in his chest! This is a quatrain about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "a hero spanning the present". The scenery is so magnificent that it is dizzying.

The neck couplet is about the feeling that political life is bumpy, wandering around the world and powerless. "But no news of relatives or friends reached me" didn't get any help in spirit and material aspects; Since Kuizhou took his wife and children out of the gorge by boat in the first month of the third year of Dali, he roamed Hunan, taking the boat as his home, and the future was boundless, where to settle down. Facing Wang Yang in Dongting Lake, his sense of loneliness and crisis has increased. Self-narration is so lonely that it contains infinite affection in the sudden change and contrast of the extremely stuffy poetic realm.

At the end of the couplet, I wrote the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and not being able to serve the country. There is a blank between the upper and lower sentences, which is memorable. The "past" beginning with "I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time" can certainly cover the poet's activities in Chang 'an area for more than ten years. And this, in space, can be compared with "Guanshanbei". You Xuan and Today echoed from beginning to end.

Appreciate II

In the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768), Du Fu left Kuizhou for the Three Gorges, disembarked at Yueyang Gate at the end of winter and the twelfth lunar month, climbed the building and looked out, touching the scene and writing this poem.

"I've heard a lot about Dongting Lake, and now I'm on this tower." Yesterday's News described my admiration for the lakes and mountains of Dongting Lake in the past, Today's Meeting explained the time, and The Story of Yueyang Tower pointed out the place, and wrote that in my twilight years, I was able to climb Yueyang Tower and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake. Today, the past two sentences are intertextual, and places of interest have long been heard. You can see them now, and you will live quickly.

"There is the Kingdom of Wu in the east and the State of Chu in the south, and we can see the endless floating of heaven and earth." Looking at Dongting Lake with heartfelt joy is really boundless, chopping Wu Chu and swallowing the sun, moon and stars. It is magnificent and colorful.

"But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat." As soon as I turned the pen, I came back to reality, thinking that I had been isolated from my relatives and friends for a long time from Chengdu to Hunan, on the upright river, and I never heard from them again. Besides, I am 57 years old, sick and lonely. Here, my loneliness is in sharp contrast with the vastness of Shanglian Lake, showing my pain more and more.

"There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and beside this railing, how can I not cry? "The poet's broad mind. The poet shed tears because of his tragic life experience, and more importantly, he looked at the northern border where the war was not peaceful and the country was in danger. This is the real reason for the poet's sadness.

This poem uses the technique of writing sadness with joy. The language is simple and natural, the artistic conception is profound and profound, and the feelings are sincere and tortuous, which makes people feel sad and lonely, and the war is constantly leaving, and the sigh is heartbreaking.

Comments and explanations

This poem is the masterpiece of the five laws in Du Fu's poems, and it was called the first of the five laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. On the whole, the grandeur of mountains and rivers and the breadth of the poet's mind are both inside and outside the poem. Although sad, but not depressed; Although depressed, but not depressed. In the Song Dynasty, Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Cai Taiwa's Xiqing Poetry as saying: "Dongting is a grand view, and there are many people who wrote it in the past dynasties ... However, if Meng Haoran's" a cloud rises from a dream valley and has been besieging Yueyang City "is not true, the Dongting is vast and the weather is magnificent, just like in front of him. It is impossible to read Du Zimei's poems. There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many clouds and dreams in his chest. "

The whole poem is pure fu, and it is a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars thought that poetry used fu method, which had no image and poetic flavor. In fact, Fu method is an important way to visualize poetry, which is characterized by not paying attention to the language of poetry and the visualization of local things, but paying attention to creating the overall artistic conception of poetry. "The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower" is a model of creating artistic images by using fu method. The artistic realm it has reached has made people feel that there is no artistic method or even language, but the poet's thoughts and feelings directly hit the soul.

Brief introduction of the author

Du Fu (A.D. 7 12~770), Han nationality, was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). He is called He Du. In the world, his own name is Shao Ling Ye Lao. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who died young for the country and the people, and was a world cultural celebrity. He was also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Du Fu's ancestral home is Xiangyang (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province). His distant ancestor is Du Yu, a famous poet in the Jin Dynasty, and his ancestor is Du Yu, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Du Fu himself was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). Du Fu was originally Zuo Shiyi and Yuan Wailang, and later he was called Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems mostly involved social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills, and was called "Poet Saint" by later gods. Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down through the ages, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations.

Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them. He is the pioneer of the new Yuefu poetry style. His Yuefu poems contributed to the development of the new Yuefu movement in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "May 7th" ancient novel, which is also a history of poetry, begins to narrate and focus on the whole story, marking the high achievement of China's poetic art. Du Fu also showed extraordinary creativity in the May 7th Law, and he is one of the representatives of the May 7th Law. He has accumulated complete artistic experience in rhythm, antithesis, diction and sentence making, which has brought this genre to a fully mature stage.

Creation background

This five-character poem was written one year before the poet's death, that is, the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768). In the winter of the third year of Dali, Du Fu drifted all the way from Jiangling and Gongan to Yueyang and boarded the Yueyang Tower, which he had been longing for for for a long time. Facing the vast and magnificent Dongting Lake, the poet sincerely admired it. Then I feel sad when I think that I am still wandering outside in my later years and the country is troubled. Generally speaking, the grandeur of mountains and rivers is quite different from the grandeur of the poet's mind, so he is sad but not depressed, depressed but not depressed.

Yueyang Tower in the West Gate of Yueyang City, Hunan Province is one of the four famous buildings in China (the other three are Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge and Stork Tower in Nanchang, and the last one is said to be Penglai Pavilion and Yuewanglou). In the fourth year of Tang Kaiyuan, Zhang Shuo, secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, worked in this state and often went to the building with talented people to compose poems, which made it famous and became a world-famous cultural building.