Contemporary Significance of Four Sentences of Hengqu

Question 1: What is the guiding significance of "Four Sentences of Hengqu" to our real life? 1 and "Four Sentences in a Horizontal Canal" are famous sayings of Zhang Zai.

The "four sentences of the horizontal canal" include: making a heart for heaven and earth, making a life for the people, connecting the past with the future, and opening peace for all generations.

Zhang Zai (1020- 1077, thick) was a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty in China. Born in Chang 'an (now Xi, Shaanxi Province), he lived in Hengqu Town (now Hengqu Town, Meixian County, Shaanxi Province) and his ancestral home was Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan Province). He has been giving lectures in the local area for a long time and was honored as Mr. Hengqu.

"Four Sentences of Hengqu" embodies the ideological realm and historical mission of many intellectuals in China.

2. The guiding significance of Four Sentences of Hengqu to the real life of today's intellectuals.

In modern language, "keeping a heart of heaven and earth" means that "scholars should recognize the essence and laws of the objective world (heaven and earth) with spiritual strength (heart) and establish a solid rational foundation for people to transform the objective world."

In modern language, "making a living for the people" means "scholars should care about the fate of the people, reflect their voices, eliminate their suffering and enhance their well-being." Academic research should not be grandstanding, but should be conducive to the general public to settle down and live and work in peace and contentment.

In modern language, "making the past serve the present" means that "scholars should critically inherit the academic achievements of predecessors, create new scientific theories and practical technologies, and continue human civilization through publicity, education and popularization."

In modern language, "peace for the world" means "a scholar should have lofty social ideals, safeguard the positive and progressive factors in society, attack the negative and backward things in society, and point out the bright road to a better future." Academic research should first have realistic humanistic care and try to avoid adding chaos to society; Academic research should also have a forward-looking theoretical vision and strive to stand the test of history.

Question 2: What do the four sentences of Hengqu mean? The meaning of four sentences in Hengqu

Make a heart for heaven and earth, make a life for the people, link the past with the future, and create peace for all generations.

Establish the heart of life for heaven and earth, point out a common path for the people, inherit the knowledge of Confucius and Mencius and other sages, and open up a permanent and peaceful inheritance for future generations.

Question 3: What is the theme of the four sentences of Hengqu? Zhang Zai (1020- 1078), a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty, was one of the founders of Neo-Confucianism with Zhou Dunyi, Shao Yong, Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao. Zi Zihou, Han nationality, Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), an immigrant from Hengqu Town, Fengxiang County (now Meixian County, Shaanxi Province), is called Mr. Hengqu. His famous saying, "Stand for heaven and earth, stand for the people, take history as a mirror, and take harmony as the world", is praised by contemporary philosopher Feng Youlan as "four sentences in a horizontal canal", which is concise, extensive and profound, and has always been praised by people. Although nearly a thousand years have passed, these four sentences still have far-reaching practical significance.

First, for heaven and earth

The understanding of this sentence has its own merits. Because of the different understanding, the inspiration to readers is not exactly the same. Only by deeply understanding Zhang Zai's thought and the essence of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties can we understand its significance. The "reason" of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties is actually the fundamental law of life in heaven and earth and the ultimate concern for life in the universe. Neo-Confucianism holds that "reason" is the noumenon and master of all things. Therefore, the "reason" of Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties is equivalent to the "Tao" of Laozi and Taiji in the Book of Changes.

Therefore, the "heart" of "establishing heart for heaven and earth" is "reason", which is the fundamental law of nature and heaven. Personification is used here. Heaven and earth are unintentional and have no subjective consciousness, but people have a heart. People's heart is the master of people, and heaven is the master of heaven and earth, so it is called "the heart of heaven and earth".

Another key word is "Li". Heaven and earth have laws, but the laws of heaven and earth, that is, the heart of heaven and earth, are not easily understood by everyone. Therefore, it is necessary for sages to reveal the heart of heaven and earth, let the world know her and follow her, so as to achieve world harmony and create peace and prosperity.

Mr. Lu Jiuyuan and Mr. Wang Yangming profoundly pointed out that the heart of heaven and earth is free from the heart of man. The heart is rational, the heart is irrational, there is nothing outside the heart, and the heart of heaven and earth is conscience. Only when everyone has a conscience, knows and does it, can he achieve personal happiness and world peace.

As a ruler, governing the country must have a reasonable theoretical basis. Otherwise, everything is a tree without roots and water without sources. It will only be a stopgap measure, which will not last long, and it will not achieve the original intention of bringing people to an ideal society. Knowing the heart of heaven and earth, according to the rule of law in nature, should be an unbreakable law

Second, make a living for the people.

The key is to understand "life". Everyone has his own life, and the key is the state of this life that people have. If "life" is manipulated by others and cannot be independent, then the quality of this life will be greatly reduced. For example, in ancient times, slaves could be bought and sold by slave owners at will, so why talk about "making a living"? Therefore, making a living is to let people truly realize their personal independence and fully enjoy the dignity of being a human being.

To let people live with dignity, in the final analysis, it is to treat people as human beings. Only by living according to everyone's nature can we live a good life and treat people as human beings instead of alienating them. Therefore, living for the sake of life is actually to guide people to understand their own nature, know themselves, follow their own nature, listen to their inner calls, live their true selves, and let their personality get the greatest publicity.

As a ruler, to make a living for the people means to serve the people wholeheartedly, that is, to truly let the people be masters of their own affairs, to guide them to become rich in material wealth, and to strive to improve their spiritual level in spirit, so that they can enjoy democracy and freedom in politics and guide them to know themselves in education, live high. Only in this way can we truly "live for the people".

Third, a lesson from the past.

The key lies in the understanding of the word "absolute". Absolutely, there are two meanings, one is very good and first-class, such as "unique skills", which means first-class skills. This refers to the classical knowledge of ancient sages and sages, which is universally applicable. For China, it is the orthodoxy revealed by the Book of Changes; Second, it is broken, which means that this kind of learning has been interrupted for historical reasons. As a saint, you should inherit your unique knowledge and serve all beings.

Confucian classics have been impacted several times in the history of China. Qin fire was the first time, and it was continued by the Western Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Buddhism was introduced from the East, which deeply influenced China people in the Tang Dynasty. From the imperial court to the people, Han Yu and others advocated the ancient prose movement, the essence of which was to revive Confucian classics. Neo-Confucianism formed Neo-Confucianism with its own understanding. In the late Qing Dynasty, western learning spread to the east, and Confucian classics broke again. Especially after the China of Marxism, until today, Confucian classics have been deeply misunderstood and contained.

Today, we should still explore the essence of tradition and combine the essence of western culture with social reality to create a prosperous China.

The fourth letter of the Greek alphabet ... >>

Question 4: Make a heart for heaven and earth, make a life for the people, link the past with the future, and be peaceful for all generations. Who called it a horizontal canal? Zhang Zai, a Confucian scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, famously said, "Make a heart for heaven and earth, make a life for the people, link the past with the future, and make the world peaceful". Feng Youlan, a contemporary philosopher, called it "four sentences in a horizontal canal".

Question 5: What is the profound meaning of Zhang Zai's "Four Sentences of Horizontal Canal"? In other words, he can be born with a benevolent heart that loves others and a sage heart of Dagong.

The phrase "making life for the people" comes directly from Mencius' thought of "making life". "Mencius? Dedicated. " The "life for the people" marked by Zhang Zai is actually "life for the people, the life of my compatriots", and its life lies in teaching, and "cultivation is called teaching", which is the so-called.

Song Confucianism, from "removing saints", of course refers to pre-Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius; "Juexue" is advocated by Taoism. In fact, in our view today, it can refer to carrying forward the essence of traditional culture.

"Open peace for the world." Since Duke Zhou and Confucius, "peace" and "great harmony" have been social and political ideals. In the Northern Song Dynasty, politicians and thinkers represented by Fan Zhongyan and Li Gou all put forward the idea of "harmony". Zhang Zai is not limited to the current "Taiping" order, but looks forward to the "Taiping" inheritance of "eternal life" with a far-reaching vision, which is his outstanding point. The understanding of "four for one sentence" cannot be separated from the founding background of the early Song Dynasty. The rulers of Zhao and Song Dynasties summed up the experience and lessons of the long-term division of the country and established the national policy of "building the country with Confucianism" in order to rebuild social order. In this policy environment, Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty, represented by Zhang Zai and others, is most concerned with laying an eternal spiritual foundation for the ideal order pursued by Confucianism, rather than understanding the "law of nature". In a word, "four for one sentence" involves the spiritual value, life significance, academic inheritance and political ideal of society and people.

Question 6: I can't explain clearly the composition questions I feel after reading Four Sentences of Hengqu.