Fang Shuo data

This is Shuofang County, not Fang Shuo.

In the second year of Yuanshuo, Shuofang County was opened. A captain in the west treats mud. Mang said ditch search. Belong to bing. 34,000 families

338, population 136628. County 10: three letters, Yuanshou Emperor City for three years. Jin shuofang

Even Yanze and Qingyanze are in the south. Mang Wu Yuefu. Xiudu, Manghe. Hu Qiu, Mao Hun, Youdao West.

Chicken and deer stuffed in the north. Tu Shenze is in the East. Mangyue is very martial. Canal search, central Dewey rule. Mang said ditch search. Wudi woye

Yuanshou three-year city. There are salt officials. Mangyue died in Sui Dynasty. During Guangxu period, Dewey ruled the East. Mangyue Yan Guan. Lin Rong. Emperor yuanshuo

Five years city. Mang Yue pushes Wu.

Geography of Han dynasty

Shuofang County was one of the northern border counties in Han Dynasty. Jilusai is an important military stronghold in Shuofang County along the Great Wall in western Shanxi. It was once a pass for peaceful exchanges between Han and Xiongnu, and it has been recorded many times in history books.

Shuofang County was founded in the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. In 127 BC (the second year of Yuanshou), Liang Wudi sent Wei Qing and Li Xi to attack the Huns, sending troops from the clouds, going west through Gaoque, and then to R&F (now northern Gansu) to recover the jurisdiction of the former Qin Dynasty in Hetao (commonly known as "the new Qin Dynasty"), and set up Shuofang County and Wuyuan County in the river capacity area south of Yinshan Mountain. In the second year, Su Jian, a captain, was sent to lead 100,000 people to build the Great Wall at the foot of Yinshan Mountain, and to build Shuofang County and its subordinate counties. Shuofang County is located in the north of Chang 'an, the capital of Han Dynasty, so it was named Shuofang County. In the Book of Songs, it means "the city is better than Shuofang". It has three counties: Sanfeng, Shuofang, Xiudu, He Lin, Hudao, Honghun, Qushui, Woye, Guangmu and Lin Rong. Among them, it has been found that Shuofang County is located in the northwest of Otog Banner, and Woye County is located in Lanchengzi, Wuhai City.

Shuofang County is located in the northwest of the Yellow River Hetao. At that time, the Yellow River flowed through the northern part of Linrong County and was divided into two tributaries. The South River was the current river course, and the North River was the mainstream at that time, which was about the current Wu Jia river course. Shuofang County is located at the boundary between the north-south river and the east bend of the river. Shuofang County governs Sanfeng County; Linrong County and Maohun County are under construction in the west and south of the tributaries of the Yellow River.

Shuofang County has jurisdiction over three county sites, which are located in Shengtao Well, Sumu, Haiteng Tao Hai, Dengkou County. The headquarters of Paul Tauleyi Farm is located 4 kilometers northeast of the city site, and there is a Tibetan Buddhist site in the south of the city site. The temple is called Mamitu, so it is also called the ancient city of Mamitu Temple. The walls of this ancient city have been basically annihilated by wind and sand. In the range of about 740 meters from east to west and 560 meters from north to south, many bricks, tiles and pottery pieces scattered on the surface were not blown away by the strong wind. If you look closely, you can tell that this is the wall of an inner and outer city. The outer city is an irregular rectangle, and now only traces of the north wall and the west wall can be found, each about 100 meters long. The inner city, that is, the sub-city, is located in the northwest corner of the outer city, with a length and width of about 180 meters, and there is a gap to open the city gate in the south. This kind of city wall with divided cities was a new urban form when the county was established in the north in the early Western Han Dynasty. In 65438 BC+054 BC, Emperor Mingjing proposed to guard the border.

The strategy of preparing for the blockade is that in the past, the imperial court sent soldiers to guard the border in turn every year, but these soldiers were not familiar with the enemy's situation; It is better to send people with their families to farm, build tall walls and deep ditches, arrange fortifications outside the city and on the walls, and then build a sub-city in the city, with a width of about 150 steps; Cities and villages built in important strategic locations and major traffic routes should have at least 1000 residents. This suggestion was fully applied in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Many of the Han Dynasty city sites seen in Inner Mongolia today have sub-cities. The scale of sub-cities is not necessarily as large as that suggested by Chao Cuo, so we should design and construct them according to the actual situation. Sanfengcheng is the seat of the county, and it is also a political and military need to build Zicheng as the official residence of the county.

The site of Linrong County is the ancient city of Hezuizi, Bulongnao Township, Dengkou County. The mainstream of the Yellow River once flowed through the west of Linrong County, but now it has diverted to the northeast of the ancient city. The vast area west of Linrong County used to be fertile soil for irrigation and planting. The Yellow River overflows and gathers into a big lake called Tu Shenze, also known as Mao Ze. There is Maohun County in the west of Great Lakes, and the city site is now Dengkou County, the ancient city of placer gold.

Most of Shuofang County is the alluvial area of the Yellow River, which is fertile soil for irrigation and reclamation. When Shuofang County was established in BC 127, it was considered to reclaim land in this area. Therefore, in BC 122 (the first year of Yuanshou), the poor people in Guandong were moved to Hetao area, and in Ding Yuan period (BC 1 16- BC 1 1), they were in Shang Jun, Shuofang, Xihe and Hexi counties (Zhangye BC 1 10 (the first year of Yuanfeng), the Hanwu Belt toured north, passed through Shang Jun County, Xihe County and Wuyuan County, went out of the Great Wall North, arrived in Shuofang County, and reached the north of the Yellow River. In BC 107 (the fourth year of Yuanfeng), General Ba Hu was sent to settle in Shuofang, and 100,000 people were raised to live in Shuofang. Soldiers guarding the border and mainland immigrants are stationed in the border areas, which not only ensures that the newly-built counties are stationed at any time to prepare for the war, but also avoids long-distance transportation and solves the rations on the spot. Therefore, a large-scale agricultural reclamation has appeared in Shuofang County. Sanfeng, Lin Rong, Maohun and other places are grasslands in the alluvial area of the Yellow River, and the reclamation activities in the Han Dynasty opened up this endless virgin land. In order to ensure a bumper harvest in agriculture, there must be artificial irrigation measures. In BC 12 1 year (the second year of Yuanshou), it took two or three years to dig irrigation canals in Shuofang County, with tens of thousands of workers. Due to the invasion of quicksand and the repeated changes of the Yellow River, it is difficult to find the remains of the original irrigation channels. Today, local people still use mountain springs to irrigate farmland. It is understood that these mountain springs were also used in the Han Dynasty. The Yinshan Mountain in Han Dynasty has dense vegetation and good soil and water conservation. It is estimated that the flow of mountain springs at that time should be much larger than now, and it is also possible to use mountain springs to irrigate large areas of farmland.

After Xinmang, Longfang County began to decline. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Shuofang County moved to Linrong County, and other counties were abolished, greatly reducing the agricultural population in China. In the year of 140 (the fifth year of Yonghe), Wu Si, the dragon king of the southern Xiongnu fled and killed Shuofang Changshi. Subsequently, the Southern Xiongnu led businessmen from Wu Mei and Hu Qiang, and Shuofang County was forced to move from Lin Rong to Wuyuan County. From here on, Shuofang County and its subordinate counties are in ruins. Shuofang County has experienced about 260 years from its establishment to its abandonment. Reclamation has appeared on the grasslands in this area. After a short period of prosperity, the speed of land desertification is increasing day by day, and even it has become the present Ulan Buh desert.

To the northwest of Shuofang County is the yinshan mountains, which passes through the yinshan mountains and enters the Inner Mongolia Plateau. During the Western Han Dynasty, Xiongnu Chanyuting was located in Mobei area in the northwest of Shuofang County. The Han Dynasty sent troops to attack the Huns in Yinshan Mountain, and there were several marching routes such as Dingxiang, Yunzhong, Wuyuan and Shuofang. When attacked by Shuofang County, the main passage through Yinshan Mountain was Gill plug.

The Han Dynasty was built at the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain, in some valley passages and its vicinity; With a series of roadblocks and beacon tunnels, Giroud is an important military stronghold in the west of Mingshan Mountains. The steep Mingshan Mountain is a natural barrier. When the Great Wall of Qin and Han Dynasties passed through the mountains in this area, it was only built on some relatively low mountains and flat Sichuan land. On steep hills, it is only built on ridges or foothills to expect and transmit information. A small town was built outside the mouth of the valley, with troops stationed and guarding the nearby beacon tunnel. These small towns were called "garrisons" in the Qin Dynasty, and the "barriers" and "fortresses" in the Han Dynasty were called "cities" because of their large areas.

Gill Sai is a small military town in the northwest of Tuoxian County, located in the west of Shuofang County, 20 kilometers northwest of Ruohun City, on the registered land on the west side of Harounai Valley, about 8 meters above the valley bottom. The town is all made of stone, and the outside of the wall is made of big stones. The exterior is built neatly, and the middle is filled with smaller stones and sand. The top thickness of the city wall is about 3 meters, and the base thickness is 5.3 meters, which is generally residual? About meters; The highest point is 8 meters, so it is very strong and basically preserved to this day. The plane of the town is square, north-south, and each side is 68.5 meters long. In the middle of the south wall, there is a gate with a width of about 3 meters, and a square urn is built. The four corners of the city wall are also built with outward-looking corner platforms. After entering the city gate, I saw an inclined trail built on the inner wall close to the eastern half of the south wall. There are a small number of Han dynasty pottery pieces and residual tiles scattered in the city. It is 20 kilometers north from Harounai Pass, and coincides with another valley named Dabagou in the east. If you go north, you can cross Mingshan and enter the plateau, which is a relatively short passage from Hetao area to Mobei.

In 54 BC (the fourth year of Five Phoenix in the Western Han Dynasty), Uhaanyehe, a Hun, joined the Han Dynasty, and the state of war between Han and Xiongnu came to an end. The extinguishment of the frontier bonfire is beneficial to the rulers of the two ethnic groups and the broad masses of the people. In the first month of 565438 BC (the third year of Ganlu), Uhaanyehe was given a grand and warm reception by Xuan Di, the Emperor Gaozu, and was given a hole, a crown, clothes, a sword, a bow and arrow, and a halberd. Safety car, gold, splendid and silk cotton. Uhaanyehe returned to the north in February. Based on Uhaanyehe's own request, he is willing to stay in Guanglucai and Monan. The Han Dynasty sent Gao Changhou Dong Zhong and others to escort the troops out of Gill, Shuofang County, leaving the troops to guard Uhaanyehe and help him punish disobedient people. The name of Gill Tournament, a small border town, has since been recorded in history. Uhaanyehe stayed in Guanglu for eight years and returned to Chanyuting in Mobei in 43 BC.

18 years later, in 33 BC (the first year of Jingning), Uhaanyehe went to the Han Dynasty again, and was received by the Emperor of the Han and Yuan Dynasties. Uhaanyehe volunteered to kiss, and Yuan Di took Khan given by Wang Zhaojun as the surname of the scholar. (Hun language wife, hypocrisy, sound smoke), Xiongnu and Han and Qin became a story in history. When Hu was forced to leave the frontier fortress through the chicken deer jam, the Han Dynasty also presented 34,000 tons of frontier fortress grain, about 1 10,000 kg today, which also showed the prosperity of reclamation production in Shuofang County at that time. After Uhaanyehe's return to the motherland, the northern border counties spent decades in a calm environment until the end of the Western Han Dynasty.

After the Western Han Dynasty, Xiongnu once again set out from the Mongolian Plateau. Two years of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Yongping (AD 90); Xiongnu Nandan Khan asked the Han Dynasty to attack Beidan Khan. General Dou Xian sent Zuo Wangshizi (Yin) and other 8,000 cavalry to enter Mobei through Luzhai. The corps commander Geng Tan sent troops to protect, and the two armies met. They attacked North Khan at night, and North Khan was defeated. This once again records that Gill Tournament is a shortcut to the Mongolian Plateau at the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain, which has played a certain role in history.