Ceng Shiqiang's discussion on the forty-eighth hexagram in the Book of Changes.

Look at my divination of water, wind and wells.

Jing gua shui feng Jing

"Well" (downwind) Article 48

Life is impermanent, moving at any time, losing is not limited to well springs;

Mud without water is unpalatable, and the morality of raising carp in overflow pond is incomplete.

Learn from the gentleman and help the world, waiting for Bole to introduce;

Open-minded, deep wisdom, pure heart, no desire to build a home.

Harai: If you change the city without changing the well, nothing will be lost. I went back and forth to the well, and the well was at the wellhead, but I didn't go to the well and found the bottle, which was very fierce.

Jing Bu: Rebuilding a city without rebuilding a well is tantamount to doing nothing. People come and go to the well to draw water, and the well dries up and silts up. The pitcher is broken instead of washed, which is a dangerous signal.

Going back and forth between wells means taking well water repeatedly. Mao (Qi), Shuowen: "Water is exhausted." Take borrowing as a smothering and silting as the end. "Mi", rope for carrying water, "Mi jú well" and "Tao well". "lei" léi, commonly known as "lei", and "Shuo Wen": "lei is also derogatory." The meaning of destruction and destruction. "Bottle" is a pointed-bottomed pottery jar used to draw water from a well in ancient times. Tao Jing licks its bottle, and Jude says it will break the bottle to fetch water.

The ancients took water from underground and extracted it with bottles, which were called wells. The well divination is Xiu De's divination, taking the well as a metaphor, which shows that the gentleman should support the people of Xiu De, which is constant and inexhaustible. First of all, cities and villages can move, but wells can't move, to show that well morality remains unchanged. Second, well water is inexhaustible, and injection is unprofitable. The so-called no loss, no profit, and then the well will remain unchanged and never change. It also depends on the residents who come and go, constantly taking water for use, which also shows that Jingdezhen's nutrition is not bad.

The water is in the water, and the water is exhausted. Water is inexhaustible in water; Therefore, they are exchanged for water wells.

Liu Yuan said: the city lives where you live; People who live in water depend on water. The city is sometimes even more crowded with wells. This can't benefit the well and lose tools. This is true of anyone who tries to rule the world with endless benefits but fails to finish the work.

2, 3 and 4 are mutually "exchanged", which means that "abandoned wells without ponds" are "wells". 92 and 95 are in the middle, if 92 should be in the right position, then the external divination is "Kun"; "Kun" geographically means "country" and "city". At the beginning, if you move up to four positions corresponding to Kun, 2, 3 and 4 are not "exchanged" but "fucked" with each other. Even if the upward shift of 2 corresponds to the middle position of 5, external divination is not "Kun", so it is called "changing cities" Because the two wells didn't respond, the two to four were still exchanged, which is the same as this one, so it is called "not changing wells". Well, in order not to be a virtue.

Eric said: The Yellow Emperor began to build a well through soil to block the dispute. Eight are wells, four roads lead to eight, and the middle is open caisson. During the Tang, Yu, Xia and Shang dynasties, the city changed at any time, but the eight houses were well built and must not change.

There is no need to change the position, and this hexagram has not changed, so it is called "no loss, no profit". The first four pictures are positive and negative, so it is called "round trip between wells". No loss, no gain, good. It is said that well water is self-contained, and it is taken every day if it is not seen, and it will not be used for a long time if it is not seen, so it is called "no loss, no profit". Exchange refers to the underground water supply to well water; Well, the front well is a pumping well, so take its water. The back well is a water storage well, and its water has gone and come again, so it is called "the present well".

Shi Li? ? Yue: The former king's system existed because the well was the city and the city was changed, but it could not be changed. There are gains and losses in political reform, which must be changed at any time, and the essence of building a country in the people will never change. The well did not dry up, so there was no loss; Note that it has no profit, so it has no gain. People who have lost everything will not stay long, and there will be no loss in the well, so they will not change for a long time. Pumping water under the tree, ups and downs, endless circulation, so back and forth between wells.

The inner "Xun" occupies the still life as the lower rope, and 2, 3 and 4 are mutually exchanged for the upper well. Because the well rope refers to the divinatory symbol that the well has not come out of the wellhead, it is called "the hole has not reached the well".

Third, fourth, fifth. The people who are separated are' big belly' and' bottle'; Third, fourth, fifth. It is very common in ancient times that the reciprocal occupation of still life is "breaking things" and "breaking things". "Hanging its bottle" is the phenomenon that the water bottle is caught in the well. The bottle was not only blocked by the well, but also broken, so it was called "fierce".

Qiu yue: if you change cities instead of wells, the body of wells will also be; No loss, no gain, the virtue of the well; Shuttle back and forth between wells; The purpose of the well is also: these three sentences are about the well. There are no orange wells in the cave, which is not enough; It's no use licking its bottle: these two words are about drawing a well.

Shi Li? ? Yue: Water doesn't come out by itself, it comes out of things. Tao does not act on itself, but on others. There is no loss in the well, and those who have losses are also people; There is nothing to lose in sex, and those who gain and lose learn. The bottle was originally painted with water, but it was lost when it was not enough. If it is not completed, it will be lost. Can you do that?

Well, it's a well. The Book of Changes means that a well can support people, which means that a gentleman cultivates himself and has unlimited benefits. On the sixth day, it is soft and humble, such as stagnant water sludge at the bottom of the well, and it is useless to raise people without water; 1992, masculinity is in the middle, and the world is unresponsive. Although the well water is clear and no one takes it, it can't be used to help people. 93 masculine is positive, such as clear well water, without yin, so it is useless to sigh; June 4 is feminine, but there is nothing to do, so it is appropriate to wait for it; The Ninth Five-Year Plan is respected, such as the ability of Ganquan to support people; The "well" is the last of the six, with a large axis and endless applications. If the well is not repaired, it is useless to raise people, and if people do not repair it, it is immoral to help others. Therefore, Xiang Zhuan said that gentlemen should follow this example and encourage people to help each other.

"Well": change the city without changing the well, no loss, no profit, and go back and forth between wells. When I arrived, I didn't go to jú well, so I licked its bottle, which was very fierce. "In ancient times, eight wells were 1, and the fourth well was 1. It belongs to a city that can be changed, but it belongs to a well that cannot be moved. " That's what it means to change the city without changing the well, that is to say, the well does not move. People can't live without a specific environment at any time. Every specific environment should be handled well and don't offend people around you too much. Otherwise, no matter how high their status is, they may encounter difficulties. For example, Emperor Jiajing was almost strangled by several maids. "No pains, no gains", well water is inexhaustible, inexhaustible, and it is a metaphor for the permanence of well water. Well-to-well "means that people come and go, which means the order and universality of wells." After divination, it means that the well is blocked to the end, and it is not cleaned and dug, so that all the water pots are broken. This is a very dangerous thing. The hexagrams warn people to face or prevent difficulties and always pay attention to the specific and basic living environment, which is the foundation for people to settle down. Divination is called "well", which actually refers to the production and storage of basic necessities for survival, such as storing food for famine, and its significance is endless.

The upper divinatory symbol "Kan" is water, and the lower divinatory symbol "Xun" is water. The bucket goes into the well to draw water, so it symbolizes the well. The village may change, but the well will not. People come and go to fetch water, but the well water is still clean. When the pumped pottery bottle reaches the water surface, it is very dangerous to overturn and break it because the hanging rope is not completely extended and blocked. In other words, the principle of employing people on merit will never change, and there will be no situation of employing people on merit. Tools that should be unimpeded and benefit the people cannot be destroyed; In dealing with affairs, the extension should follow the past practice and cannot be changed at will. In this way, even if there are no merits and demerits, there will be no change. On the other hand, we should be cautious and consistent, and we should not fall short.

Water, wind and wells overlap (on the lower ridge). Gua is a ridge, and the ridge is water; The next divination is Xun, and Xun is wood. At the top of the ridge, there is an image of trees thriving in the water. Water is an important condition for human survival, and wells are an important living facility for residents. Yi gua takes Jing as its name.

It is used to reflect the dependence between labor and life, natural conditions and human survival. This relationship can be summarized as "nurturing" in the language of the Book of Changes. In haiku and xiangci, it seems that "nurturing" has two meanings. On the one hand, it refers to the conditions provided by nature for human beings, on the other hand, it criticizes human's love and protection of natural living environment, forming a pair of special concepts of "parallel parenting" and "nurturing well".

A dry well spends money for many years. Once spring comes fresh, it is endowed with the ability to quench thirst, which makes people upset and runs naturally.

Do a good divination and explain the truth of using sages. If you are poor, you must use your talents, which is enough to make the disadvantages rise and fall. It is a great waste for talents to be abandoned by the people, but personnel management is often blocked, so that they cannot be appointed; Therefore, those in power must always pay attention to discovering talents to make them useful to the country and benefit the whole people. And talented people should be sincere, keep learning, enrich their own strength, and take serving the people as their own responsibility; Otherwise, it will be eliminated because it is outdated.

The ten virtues of the well-field system described in the General Code are "changing cities without changing wells, not losing money or making profits, going back and forth between wells" and "improving wells is not poor" Well-field system was originally the concrete application of Luo Shu Jiu Gong Eight Diagrams in agricultural system and construction planning system, and then it evolved into the fundamental law of governing the country in the three Dynasties.

Sanyang is the well water and Yin San is the shaft of the six wells. The sixth day is the bottom of the well, which has just been dug out and the wooden well plate has not been put in, so "the mud in the well is not eaten." 1992 and 1993, when the well water is lined with wooden boards, the water becomes clear. In 1992, it was lower than the sixth day, so it went down, so it was "shooting, leaking from the urn". In 1993, it was still divination, so it could not be done. So it is "worry" and "looking for Wang Ming". June 4th is a well wall, superior to the king. If Xiu De builds a well wall with tiles, this "well" can prove that the Western Zhou Dynasty royal family invented the pottery well. In the Ninth Five-Year Plan, well and Zhong Zheng's virtue are in harmony, so it is "well water does not interfere with river water, but cold food in spring". As for the wellhead, the well is successful. "The well is closed, not a curtain." The people of the whole city are blessed.

Chen Menglei said: According to the six sequences, the first mud and the second valley, the land of wells, have not been seen by users. Three minutes and four minutes, in the personnel position, personnel can be used. Collect five bottles and get success in the sky, functions, things and axes.

Huang Shouqi said: Li You of the later Han Dynasty said: "The well is still there, the cold spring is clear, the law shines, and it is not self-leveling. If you take more, you won't lose, and if you take less, you won't gain. If you hold the constitution, you will have an evil tendency. This inscription regards the cold spring as a symbol of honesty and justice, praises the quality of well water, and places the author's ardent expectations for political clarity.

Huang Shouqi also said: Well divination personifies the well. First, it depicts a conservative and selfless gentleman image with the characteristics of "changing cities without changing wells, not losing money or making profits"; Then, it depicts the image of a gentleman who "goes to the hole without an orange well, licks his bottle and is a fierce man". Admonish the gentleman to be virtuous and helpful, start well and finish well, and never fail.

The original "Xun" said: Xun is on the water and the water is on the well. Well-fed but not poor. "Changing the city without changing the well" is based on the rigid middle school. "Round trip to the well, the well point has arrived, and the well has not been drilled", which was unsuccessful. Li Lei's Bottle is very fierce.

The translation of Haiku says: The hexagrams in this book are Xun, and Xun is a wood; Divination is a hurdle, and a hurdle is water. Soak and moisten under water, and trees grow with water. This is the divination of well divination. Well with water to support people, inexhaustible, inexhaustible, this is the moral character of Jing Bu. The hexagram says "improve the city without rebuilding the well" because 1992 and 1995, Yang Yao separated from the lower hexagram and the upper hexagram, and his position and image were the same, just like a well, so he didn't need to rebuild it. "People come and go to the well to draw water, and the well dries up and silts up, and it is not washed", which means that in the long run, the well will lose its function to people. "Breaking the pitcher" is a sign of disaster, because it destroys daily utensils.

What is a well? As the saying goes, "water goes upstream, water goes", and this is the well. That is to conform to the nature of water and take it properly. If you live in water, you will live in water, but now you will start from the top. How to take it? Tie the bottle with a rope and go deep into the water and pull it back and forth. The upper ridge of the six-pointed star is the water in the well, and the lower fork is the rope, which is as separated as a bottle. Ropes and bottles fell into the water to fetch water. The so-called "water, water, water". The hexagram "Kan" above the word "Jing" is the water in the sky, the hexagram "Xun" below is a still life, and the rope is straight, so it is called "Yu Xun is above the water".

Ma Qichang said: The water digested by rain and snow seeps into the soil and rocks, gathers into a spring source, and makes a hole in the ground to pass through the spring water, which is called a well. So: upstream, walk on water, hmm.

Zheng Xuan said: Kan, water is also. Xun, wood, orange. Mutual separation, external strength and internal dryness, empty bottles and springs are dark. It is said that oranges lead bottles, go down to the spring and draw water out, which is also like a well.

Xun Shuang said: Wood enters the water like a well.

Justice Kong said: This is the second interpretation of the name "well". This divination is the image of a well with water above, wood below, wood inside, wood above and water above.

Lai Zhide said: when pumping water from a well, you should use the pulley on the well, put on a rope and pump it under the bucket to get it. Only when the bucket enters the water can it be served. So "water upstream".

"Enough food and clothing, endless life", let it be used tirelessly. This is more than anything in the human body and everything, but it can be brought back every day. The more you go, the more you come, and the less you go, the less you come. Just like a well water, "No loss, no gain". Well water is inexhaustible, so it is called "abundant but not poor"

The two are just incompatible with the five, and they are in the middle. "Right in the middle" is the enemy, so it is called "unchanged".

It is said that villages can be rebuilt and relocated without changing wells, but wells are not. Well can be used to describe the root of life, saying that the root of all things can never be changed, but its physical appearance can be migrated or changed in various ways. As the saying goes, "it is just right to change the city without changing the well." The reason why this statement does not change the well is because it is right in the middle. Just being yang is the root of life; Being in the middle means that life has a reliable and solid foundation, which cannot be changed once it is established. If it moves, it is difficult to protect life, so it will not be changed. Therefore, "Legend of Cohesion" says that "good, there is also a place for virtue", and virtue is the Tao and the root of life; Land is the place where this root lives.

Kong Ying Da said: "The more beautiful and healthy, the more you can feed people." . But there are often wells, and because the second and fifth ones are right in the middle, you can settle down in the same place without changing. Those who don't explain the two sentences of communication, saying "no loss, no gain, communication between wells" are all centered on rigidity and have no other meaning, so there is no scripture.

The headland is not a headland, the water has dried up, and the headland is the time when the well water has dried up. The rope used to lift water is not the same as "the well rope used to lift water can no longer be used to lift water". This is a verb to carry water with a rope.

Well, its bottle is fierce, hanging, sticking and holding meaning; A bottle is a container for water. The bottle of water is stuck in the well and can't be lifted. You can't use it with water. The well is just a well, which has lost its reality, so it is fierce.

The first three words are the nature and function of wells, and the last two words are the consequences of wells losing wells. There is no water in a dry well, which is more exhausted than Tao. If you can't carry water, you will die if you have no way. Although there is water in the well, there is something wrong with the water intake device, so it can't be lifted, and life can no longer exist. These two situations are the root causes of all destruction.

Did not succeed. A well was tired of its bottle and was covered with water. So fierce. So the water flows through the well. I didn't get five at the beginning of my life. Therefore, it is called "unsuccessful" to draw water with a rope.

"Well" is the title of two hexagrams, and "bottle" is the title of the first hexagram. When the two hexagrams are in the wrong position, they just occupy the middle position. The first hexagram was arrested by the second hexagram when he wanted to respond to the five hexagrams. Because he was fierce, he was called "smashing his bottle".

Liu Yuan said: People must rely on water to make a living and take it as the basis of life. If the water is about to be drawn and the bottle fails, they will lose the merit of raising the well and the use of water, which is fierce. Mencius said: digging a well nine times is not as good as a spring, but it is still abandoning the well, which means that it will come out from now on. All the ways to cultivate one's morality, rule the country and level the world can benefit the infinite, and the unfinished work is the same.

The original "elephant" said: there is water on the wood and there is a well. A gentleman takes pains to serve others.

The translation of Xiang Ci said: This book is for Xun, and Xun is for wood; Divination is a hurdle, and a hurdle is water. Submerged trees grow, which is the divination of well divination. The gentleman views this divination and adopts the method of well water to support people, thus encouraging people to work hard and encourage each other.

The upper divinatory symbol "Kan" in the well is "water" and the lower divinatory symbol "Xun" is a geographical "wood", so it is called "there is water on the wood".

People in Shanghai are Jianghu people, people are people, and people are working, so they are called working people. Two or four "communication" is a word, so it is called "persuasion". It refers to persuading with words, so that "working people" are encouraged.

When the tree falls and the water rises, the tree has the image of water. It is said that there is water on the tree, which flows upward from the roots, just like well water is pumped up to raise people. Gentleman observes that there is water on the well, and the well draws from it, so as to promote the image of the whole people, understand its people, take Jing De's diligence as an example, cultivate crops diligently to support the people, persuade the people to be friends, help and support each other, and benefit the people widely.

Zhu said, "The growth of vegetation is rising until the end of the tree, which means there is water on the wood." . Zheng Xuan said: "An orange can lead a bottle, go down to a spring and pump out the water, just like a well." . In ancient times, oranges were placed on the well with a crossbar, one end was hung with a pump, and the other end was tied with a heavy object. According to the lever principle, oranges were moved up and down to get water.

Wu Ruyu said: A gentleman looks at a well and thinks that the method of mining land will make the people submit to Tian Li and persuade the laborers to support them, but he also advises them not to be lazy.

Zhang Hongzhi said: "Minefield system" has not fully realized the true meaning of "minefield". Safety preparations should be made for digging wells outside the ditch, irrigation should be funded, and friends should help and support them. The significance of well maintenance has been exhausted.

Ma Qichang said: the water on the wood is the image of oranges and is also used for wells. The orange bottle keeps running, and it also has the meaning of labor.

Li Xinchuan said: Mutual persuasion is also designed for minefields, that is, helping each other, helping each other and supporting each other.

The well is open and the water is coming. The land of virtue. Wells are used to pump water, and human beings can't live without the nourishment of boiling water for a moment. Therefore, the well should be stable and can't move. The Book of Changes warns the world to cultivate one's morality. Even when it is necessary to change, we should stick to the right path from beginning to end. So: well, the land of virtue is also; It is not easy to replace it well. Jing Guaxiang said: A gentleman persuades the Prime Minister by working for the people. The well can also enter and the water comes up. Pass the people, pass the public opinion, and pass the public opinion to the rulers; Rulers should respect public opinion and conform to it, so that the world can last forever. The so-called "labor and people advise each other" goes: it is easy to distinguish between righteousness. This means to understand the great righteousness.

Confucius said: "Labor means I will reward you; Xiang, or help. Well is righteous, not poor, and a gentleman is diligent in taking care of the people and persuading them to succeed, so he is not poor. "

Zhu Zi (Zhu) said: "For the people, you should support the people with your monarch;" Those who advise each other and make the people support each other all mean to support each other. "

As for the history of the invention of water wells, there are two theories in ancient literature: "Huangdi pierces wells" and "Boyi digs wells", which are not contradictory. Zhou Shu: Huangdi Crossing the Well and Shiben: "Huangdi only crossed the well when he saw everything." Shi Ben Zuo pian, Shi Lv Chun Qiu Bie Gong, Huai Nan Zi Ben Jing Xun: "Bo Yi makes a well". "Yellow Emperor's sinking" mainly refers to a relatively primitive well, so it is called "sinking", while Boyi is a water conservancy expert. "Boyi's drilling" means that the technology of building and repairing wells is mature, which is also confirmed by archaeology.

The Yellow Emperor's construction of wells focused on establishing the ideal system of "well-field system", which was a concrete measure for the gentleman to "persuade people". Du You's "Tong Dian Shi Huo Dian Xiang Dang" cloud:

In the past, the Yellow Emperor began to dig wells, plugging the earth to the end, building acres step by step to prevent famine, so that eight houses were used as wells, and four wells were divided into eight houses, and wells were dug in the middle. First, don't vent your anger, second, don't spend a family, third, follow the customs, fourth, be neat and clumsy, fifth, be goods, sixth, keep more, seventh, go in and out of the company, eighth, marry a matchmaker, ninth, don't borrow money, and tenth, save the sick. It is based on kinship and intimacy, and it can be used in production or even; All were banned by bullying, and relatives were worried about litigation. Because Mu Zhi is located in the city, Jing Yi is a neighbor, three neighbors are friends, three friends are in the city, five are in the city, ten are in the city, all are teachers, and ten are in the state. The husband divides the well and the land, and the plan is detailed in the state. Up to Xia Yin, it is not easy to control.

The above-mentioned well-field system has ten virtues, which means "persuading" that Xia Yin is not easy to control, that is, "changing the city without changing the well", and Guan Xiao Situ, Emperor of Li Zhou, said that the planning of rural cities is based on wells, so there is a saying that "changing the city without changing the well".

Well-field system perfectly unified agricultural planning, town planning and social governance, created the main system of three generations of well-off society as Confucius said, and deeply influenced the naming system of towns and buildings in China. The names of towns are: Shijing, Jingyi, Guo Jing, Cao Jing and Haote (Mongolian: Jing); The names of settlements are: township well, mulberry well, well land, well market, well land and well; Street names are: well lane, well and hutong (from Mongolian in Yuan Dynasty: well); House name: Jason Wu, Lu Jing, Jingting, Jingyuan and Patio; Decorative names include: well diaphragm, well bed, well eyebrow, Qi Jing, algae well and Longjing; Wait a minute. The word "in good order" comes from the planning of well site system; The word "leaving one's hometown" comes from a concept that a well is the center of a well-planned village.

It is no accident that Jing Tian's system completely conforms to the format of "Luo Shu Jiu Gong Eight Diagrams". Fuxi's eight diagrams laid the foundation of China culture. The version of Hanshan jade in Lingjiatan 5500 years ago has the format of Jiugong Bagua, which is 700 years earlier than the Yellow Emperor. The establishment of Jing Tian system by Huangdi inherited the orthodoxy of China culture.

"Shangshu" said: "Yu Naisi Chang, the sky is Xi Yu Hongfan's nine realms, and we are intimate." "Shang Shu Hong Fan" Kong Chuan: "Heaven and earth, Luo published books, turtles published negative articles, listed behind, there are as many as nine. Therefore, Sui Yu is the first, which is divided into nine categories. "

Hong Fan is a fundamental law, and the original meaning of "domain" is cultivated land (cultivated land, cultivated land, congjing and "field" are the remains of Jingtian system in ancient Chinese characters), and the original meaning of Jiuchou is Jiugongge Jing Tian system, which was later extended to the comprehensive social system of the country.

Shuowen said: "Punishment follows the knife. Yi said, "If you are a fool, you will study law." Duan Yucai's Note: "This quotation refers to the Book of Changes, with the meaning of well,' well, law also' covers the Book of Changes, and Sima Biao's Five Elements quotes the Book of Changes." Foolish thought: "Well, Fa Ye" should have originated from the Jing Tian system, which is not found in the current version of Yi Zhuan, and should be a legacy of the ancient Yi Zhuan.

In ancient China, the word "punishment" originated from the well, and this "well" refers to the shackles of instruments of torture similar to the wooden well board. There was a campaign in the era of the Yellow Emperor, The Classic of Mountains and Seas Huang Da Nan Jing: "There are trees on the mountain, which are called maple trees. Maple, abandoned by Chiyou, is called Maple. " Guo Pu's note: "Chiyou was captured by the Yellow Emperor and killed with weapons. He has given up his weapon and turned it into a tree. "

"Zhuangzi Tian Yun": "The matter of nine Luo, the governance is good." Lu Deming's explanation of Wen said: "That is to say, I received nine kinds of Luo Shu!" Wang Xianqian's Xie Ji quoted Yang Shenyun as saying: "Nine Luo, nine ugly Luo Shu."

"History of Five Elements": "Liu Xin thought that the Xi family was the queen of heaven and was painted by the river map; Gossip is also true. Yu treated the flood and gave Luo Shu, which was made by law, and Hong Fan also. "

Since Fuxi, the gossip culture in Luo Shu has been affecting all aspects of Chinese civilization: Jing Tian system has been implemented for more than two thousand years, the territory of "the vast landscape is painted as Kyushu" is divided, and the open space in the middle of the courtyard is called "patio", which is the remains of Jing Tian's institutional culture. Neijing has the method of nine palaces, eight winds and nine needles, and nine is supreme. Liu Hui's "Notes on Nine Chapters of Arithmetic" said: The flow of nine numbers is also nine chapters. "The Yang in Zhouyi is called Nine, and the research of Qimen, Taiyi and Kong Xuan in technical mathematics is based on Jiugong in Luoshu.

Trapping means that life and things can't get enough supplies, and their survival is threatened, let alone development and rise. The fundamental reason is that, on the one hand, the seepage and downward flow of water that ensures life safety are lost, and on the other hand, the stranded water is blocked and separated, which cannot play its greatest role. Divination is just the opposite. For example, those Populus euphratica forests growing in the arid Lop Nur have deep roots and luxuriant leaves, which can absorb the water in the deep underground and transport it to the branches, and can also absorb the dew formed by the temperature difference between day and night in the desert, forming a state of water on the trees, that is, a state where water can be obtained and life can be replenished. For people, rivers and lakes have dried up and they want to live in the same place, so they have to dig wells. In ancient times, water was pumped to the ground by wooden rollers or waterwheels, and it also showed the image of water on wooden cars and barrels. Whether a tree stretches its roots or a person digs a well, it uses the water deep underground to make it rise and ensure supply. Are the fundamental wisdom to solve difficulties. First, the water lost by infiltration will be lifted up, and second, the original state of blockage and isolation will be opened.

The theme of Jinggua is to expound the wisdom of being trapped. The word "well maintenance" is developed from wells to ensure water for people's livelihood. Oil well maintenance:

The first floor is a well to ensure drinking water;

The second layer, where there is water, there is agriculture, which can ensure agricultural production;

Third, with the development of agriculture, it can ensure the development of other industries, resulting in a fine division of labor in society, forming a place where industry and commerce are concentrated, that is, the market, to meet a wider and higher demand for people's livelihood;

Fourth, people who abide by social rules can ensure that life, production and exchange are carried out in a safe and orderly environment, thus producing managers, defenders and educators in human social organizations. Only in this way can people truly enjoy the fruits of labor and social well-being;

Fifth, people need material enjoyment, spiritual enjoyment and cultural and artistic enjoyment, thus forming different states of human spiritual civilization and institutional civilization. It is in this civilized state that people live, so that their thirsty minds can be nourished and constantly stimulate the vitality of labor creation;

On the sixth floor, well maintenance is not only to find one place at a time, but also to strive for continuous and extensive well maintenance and continuous improvement. It is only possible to enter the ideal realm of great harmony.

These six-layer workover states correspond to different stages of human social development. For primitive people, as long as there is water, there is life, which belongs to the maintenance state of the first well. For the society that has produced agricultural and animal husbandry production labor, it belongs to the second-class well-off state. For the society that has produced handicraft industry and low-grade commodity exchange, it belongs to the three-level well-off state. For the modern society that has produced large-scale machine production, it belongs to the maintenance of the fourth layer well. For a scientific, harmonious, democratic and affluent ideal society, it belongs to the fifth state of happiness. Entering the ideal state, mankind will have a new and higher pursuit, that is, the social state of six wells.

As individuals, people will live in a level and position in the natural state and social state of reproduction, and they will all survive, develop and rise in the natural society of heaven and earth. At the same time, it has a positive or negative impact on the environment of well maintenance, so that everyone has different life values.

"There is water on the wood, and there is a well. A gentleman persuades the people with labor." The gentleman here refers to the people in the upper class of society, who are in the management position, guarantee the social security status and education status, and belong to the upper class of society. These people are not directly engaged in material production, but they must also enjoy the material results, that is, they must have water on the trees and have plenty of food and clothing. How can they eat enough? Only by serving the economic base and ensuring the normal progress of social labor production, and only by persuading people to master labor skills and help each other, can people live and work in peace and contentment, get taxes and live a happy life.

There is nothing wrong with working hard to make people rich. However, in ancient times, due to the division of labor between brain and body, the working people were restricted from enjoying culture, art and superior welfare conditions. Gentlemen are in a dominant position, in the prejudice of belittling manual labor and working people, and only know how to persuade ordinary people to do manual labor without stimulating their spiritual and cultural creation function. Modern gentlemen should study hard the knowledge of working people. Persuade each other and educate people to help each other, which is correct in itself. However, in ancient times, there was also a hypocritical preaching side. Because there is de facto exploitation and being exploited, supporting the rich is the essence of exploiting society. It is natural for the poor to help the poor, and the rich should also help the poor. This is also very good and should be advocated. For those who are just unkind to the rich and unwilling to help the poor, and those who look down on the poor, they are just deceiving the poor. The poor can't just listen to their hypocritical persuasion and dream of asking God to bless the happiness in the afterlife in a difficult realm. Gentlemen in modern society should share the same fate with the working people, so as to obtain ideal well-being and enjoy the lofty honor and status of serving the people.