Who is Bao Gong?

Bao Zheng, Bao Zheng (999- 1062) For nearly a thousand years, Bao Gong has been regarded as an upright Bao Qingtian who pleaded for the people. Today, Bao Gong's image is still active in plays, novels and folklore. Bao Zheng was born in Hefei, Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui) and came from a bureaucratic family. Born in the second year of Xianping in the Northern Song Dynasty (999). In operas such as Bao Mian and Bao Gong's Apology, it is said that Bao Zheng was abandoned by his parents and brought up by Bao Zheng's eldest sister-in-law, which does not conform to the historical reality. In fact, when Bao Zheng was a teenager, he was deeply loved and nurtured by his parents. When Bao Zheng grew up, he was also extremely filial to his parents. Ouyang Xiu, a contemporary of Bao Zheng, once played Bao Zheng's Little Knowledge. "Learning" here mainly means not reading and cultural level, but not understanding the world. Ouyang Xiu actually did not belittle Bao Zheng, but thought that Bao Zheng "had little filial piety and was heard in the village;" He should be given a more suitable and appropriate official position. Bao Zheng also studied hard when he was a teenager, so at the age of 29, he was finally admitted to Jinshi Jiake. According to the regulations of the Song Dynasty, the Jinshi who passed the examination could become an official. Bao Zheng was sent to Jianchang County (now Shuixiu, Jiangxi Province). However, Bao Zheng thought that his parents were old and should be filial, so he requested to go back to Anhui and become an official in Hezhou (now Anhui County). However, parents wanted their son to be around, so Bao Zheng decided to quit his job and go home to honor his parents for many years. Bao Zheng didn't want to leave his hometown until his parents died and his mourning period expired. This feudal filial piety was praised by hometown people at that time. In recent years, a tombstone erected by Bao Zheng for his father Bao Lingyi was discovered in Hefei, Anhui. The tablet is engraved with the seal script "Tombstone given by Song Dynasty to Assistant Minister of Punishment". This is not only a precious cultural relic left by Bao Zheng, but also a testimony of his filial piety. Due to the advice of the elders in his hometown, Bao Zheng left his hometown and his parents' spiritual land and became a magistrate in Tianchang County (now Tianchang, Anhui Province). Bao Zheng was a middle-aged man in his forties at this time. In the first year of Kangding (1040), Bao Zheng went out to know Duanzhou (now Zhaoqing, Guangdong). Duanzhou produces a famous inkstone called Duanyan. Duanyan pays tribute to the court every year. Due to local officials and landlords, the output of Duanyan is very large, but it has become a heavy burden for the people. Bao Zheng ordered tyrannical officials not to embezzle, and only to pay tribute to the court according to the prescribed amount. And he himself never wanted a Guangdong inkstone until he left Duanzhou. Perhaps because of Bao Zheng's selfless personality, he was appreciated by ministers, so the court transferred Bao Zheng to Kaifeng, the capital, after three years in Li Qing (1043). This is the second time that Bao Zheng has come to Beijing since the senior high school entrance examination. Bao Zheng was appointed suggestion. At that time, although there was not much real power to supervise the proposal, it was very important to Bao Zheng. This is because, from now on, Bao directly participates in state affairs and can put forward opinions and suggestions on all aspects of the court, especially on employing people. As a matter of fact, Bao Zheng did put forward many criticisms and improvement measures on the internal affairs and diplomacy of the Northern Song Dynasty during his tenure as an imperial adviser, and also sent envoys to the Khitan (Liao State) and accomplished the task brilliantly. In the summer of the sixth year of Li Qing (1046), Bao Zheng was transferred to the third division as a judge. At that time, the third division was the central financial institution, and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development was in charge of national household registration and two taxes. Judges from the Ministry of Housing assist the work of the Third Court. Soon, Bao Zheng successively served as the transshipment ambassador of JD.COM, Shaanxi and Hebei, and the transshipment ambassador was responsible for the financial and supervision administrative affairs along the way (equivalent to the province). At the local level, Bao Zheng attached great importance to observing people's feelings and asked the court to let the people rest and live and work in peace and contentment. Two years later, Bao Zheng was recalled to Kaifeng and promoted to the position of deputy envoy of the Ministry. During this period, he went to Hebei to solve the problem of rations, and went to Shaanxi to solve the problem of salt industry in Yuncheng (now Shanxi). In Hebei, he invited the fields used for raising horses to be returned to the local people and farmers. In Yuncheng, he reformed the salt tax law to facilitate businessmen to operate the salt industry. Excellent work and achievements of benefiting the country and the people made Bao Zheng promoted to the position of heavenly chapter and imperial history in the second year of Hu Di (1050). Tianzhangge is a place for storing imperial books and documents, and the title to be done is nominal. Bao Zheng, also known as "Bao Zhi Dai", is just a polite address for him. However, it is important to know that the remonstrance court is also an remonstrance officer. The task of remonstrating officials is to remonstrate with the emperor about the shortcomings of political affairs, which can involve all aspects of political affairs. During his part-time job as an admonisher, Bao Zheng not only criticized lawless dignitaries many times, but also put forward innovative suggestions on many aspects of political affairs. It's a pity that two years later, Bao Zheng changed his name to Longtuge straight bachelor, which was also an empty title (people called him Baolongtu from now on), and left Beijing again to serve as a local official in Luzhou, Hebei, Chizhou (now Guichi, Anhui) and Jiangning (now Jiangning, Jiangsu). It was not until three years (1056) that he returned to Beijing and served as Kaifeng prefect. In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1059), Bao Zheng was promoted to the position of official at that time, with a bachelor's degree in Council and three secretaries. In the second year, he was promoted to third secretary and deputy envoy, equivalent to deputy prime minister. However, the sun has already set in Bao Zheng, which is over 60 years old. In the seventh year of Jiaqing (1062), Bao Zheng died in Kaifeng on May 25th. Emperor Injong went to Bao Zheng's home to bid farewell to Bao Zheng for the last time, ratified him as the history of does, and gave him a "filial piety", so Bao Zheng was also called Bao Xiao Su after his death. In his later years, he set up a stone tablet at home, engraved with "family training and honesty", saying: "Future generations are officials, and those who have committed stolen goods ... are not my sons, but grandchildren." His deeds have been circulated among the people for a long time. In the past, novels and operas were the main themes. Chen Zhou talks about secrets and other works have been included in Yuan Zaju. After that, it spread widely and formed a rich legend. His posthumous works include The Memorial of the Bag. Advocate reform