Who are taoist sanqing?

Sanqing, collectively known as "nihilistic nature, three treasures and three gods", refers to three scenic spots revered by Taoism: Jade Qing, Shangqing and Taiqing. It also refers to the three gods who live in Sanqing fairyland, namely, Jade Qing Yuanshi Tianzun, Qingqing Lingbao Tianzun and Taiqing Moral Tianzun.

Yuan Shi Tianzun:

It is one of the highest gods in Taoism, the "Sanqing" god and the Taoist god. Heaven respected the spirit of nature from the beginning and existed before all things in the universe. Taoist body is immortal, even if heaven and earth are completely destroyed, it is also the most respected in the "Three Clearances" and the first god among Taoist immortals. "The Fairy Mirror of Past Dynasties" called him "the ancestor who presided over the heaven". Despite his high position, he appeared later than the old man. In the early days of Taoism, there was no such thing as "the first Buddha", and there was no record in Taiping Jing and Xianger Zhu. In the myths and legends of China, the origin can't be found. According to Taoist records, the earliest name of "Yuan Shi" appeared in Jin's Book in Pillow. According to records, before chaos opened, there was an essence of heaven and earth, named "the king of the Yuan Dynasty", swimming in it. After the second ceremony, the king of the Yuan Dynasty lived on the heavenly heart, inhaled the weather and drank underground spring water. After several disasters, she became intimate with the jade girl in Taiyuan, and gave birth to the emperor, the Queen Mother of the West, the birthplace of the emperor and the Yellow Emperor. Later, she was born in Xihe, and Shennong was also of Miao descent. He also said: "The capital of Du Xuan is the Seven Treasures in the Jade Well, with three palaces, namely the Upper Palace, the Middle Palace and the Lower Palace. The real Pangu, the king of the Yuan Dynasty and his wife, the Virgin Mary, visited this palace. " At this time, there is only the name of the king of the Yuan Dynasty. It was not until the Southern Dynasties that Liang Tao Hongjing's "True Spirit Industry Map" began to have the title of "Yuan God". In the first preface of the book, the middle god is "coming to power as a virtual emperor and a Taoist monarch", which should be called "the Buddha of the Yuan Dynasty", mainly called "the Buddha of the Yu Jing Qing Dynasty". But there is also a "Yuan God" in the book, which is listed as the four gods in the middle position and the four gods in the left position. The "heir of Sui Shu's capital city" began to shout to Yuan Shen, calling him "born before Thai Yuan". It is believed that "the Buddha's body is immortal, and every time he opens the world, he is given a secret passage, which is called robbery." However, it was not taken away once, so there were Yankang, Chi Ming, Han Long and Huang Kai, which were their titles. Four billion years apart, all immortals are top-grade, including Taishang Laojun, Taishang Laozhang, Real Emperor and Five Emperors. "The Taoist priests in the Sui Dynasty named the Buddha' Le Jing Xin'. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the story of Pangu's true position in ancient myths and legends was put forward. Explain that Taoist believers believed in Buddhism in the early Yuan Dynasty.

As for the Buddha's name at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Volume 23 of Beginner's Classics quoted Yi Jijing of Tai Zhen Xuan to explain: "No sect is supreme, and the only thing can be the beginning of all things, hence the name Yuanshi. Everything in the blessing is extremely respectful, often in the second place, out of the sky, so it is called Tianzun. " "The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties" said: "Those who are Yuan, this is also. Beginning, beginning, innate qi. " It is considered that the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty is the origin and is above all immortals, so it is called "Tianzun". According to the description of the Taoist scriptures, the natural gas of the Buddha in the early days existed before all things in the universe. His noumenon is immortal, even if heaven and earth are completely destroyed, it will not affect his existence at all. Every time a new world is formed, the Buddha will come to this world, teach secret ways and rob people. The subjects were all top-grade immortals, including the Taishang Laojun, the Naive Emperor, Wu Fang Tiandi and other immortals. Whenever a new world is opened, it has its year number, such as Yankang, Qiming, Han Long and Huang Kai. And the number of years is as long as 465,438+0 billion years apart. Moreover, the Buddha in the early Yuan Dynasty spent 36 days in the top "Great Luo Tian" and lived in the fairy house called "Du Xuan Yujing". In yujingzhong, the ground is paved with gold, and jade is the order. There are Qibao and Baoyu in the palace. Wang Xian, Gong Xian, Xianqing, Xianbo and Xianfu live in the center, and there are fairy halls on both sides.

Throughout the evolution of the Buddha in the Yuan Dynasty, we can find that the word "Yuan" was originally a philosophical term used by Taoism to explain the origin of the world, and later it was deified by Taoism, and gradually evolved into the highest god of Taoism, ranking first in the Sanqing period. From a historical point of view, this is completely consistent with the evolution of Taoism into Taoism. The meaning of "Yuan Shi" is also the beginning of the origin of all things, that is, the "Tao" symbolizing the mother of all things.

The winter solstice was originally Buddha's Christmas. According to "The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties", the Yuan God's "round light wears seventy-two colors", so the Yuan God enshrined in the Sanqing Hall of Taoism usually wears a sacred light and holds a red pill, or holds it left and right, symbolizing the "infinite realm" when "heaven and earth are not formed, chaos is not opened, and everything is not born" and "Yin and Yang when chaos is going on". For a long time, the Buddha in the early Yuan Dynasty has been deeply worshipped by emperors and sages, down to the Han people who believe in the way of men and women.

Lingbao Buddha:

Lingbao Tianzun is also called Chen Yu Daojun and Taishang Daojun. It was born in the essence of Buddhism in the early Yuan Dynasty. It was conceived in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in the western green jade country and in his mother's body. In the mother's body, her husband went down from the Jade House, where Daojun devoted himself to practice for 3,700 years and was born at the foot of the floating Rodinxuan Mountain in Yucha Mountain. Daojun didn't understand Daojun's truth until he grew up, and his heart was mysterious. Under a dead mulberry tree, he thought for a hundred days. Suddenly, I felt that the Buddha had fallen from the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, and I taught the Taoist Master Lingbao the Great Multiplication and the Ten Wonderful Classics. So Daojun followed the Buddha of the beginning to travel around the tenth time and preached. Soon, Daojun was proved to be a Taoist priest. Since the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Tianzun gave Daojun the title of Lingbao Tianzun, lived in Yuyutian, the territory of the upper Hui people, and gave Jin Kebao and the three-hole immortal scriptures to Yu Luo Qiao, a Confucian scholar who preached in the Ten Kingdoms and Kyushu. The solstice in summer is Christmas in Lingbao Buddha.

Originally named Yu Chen Huang Yuan Avenue Jun on Shangqing Gaosheng Platform, the True Spirit Bitmap compiled by Tao Hongjing, the director of Qi and Liang Dynasties, listed it as the second deity, second only to the first deity. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called "Taiwanese Avenue Jun", and in the Song Dynasty, it was called "Lingbao Tianzun" or "Lingbao Jun" ..

According to the Taoist scriptures, he was born from the vitality of chaos before the formation of the universe. It turned out to be "the essence of two mornings, the purple smoke of nine celebrations", which was born in 3700 years after the birth of the fetus. It lives in Yujing Xianfu, Du Xuan in Shangqing, with 300,000 guards in golden couple, and countless people turn over. Thirty-six changes to seventy-two, and people can see him anytime and anywhere.

According to Seven Stars Cloud and Zhendong Zhen Jing, Lingbao Tianzun is "the essence of jade morning, the purple smoke of the ninth celebration, the light of jade, the beauty of gold, the beauty of flowers, the beauty of buds, the birth of mothers and the cultivation of people." "Lingbaolue" said that "Taishang Avenue gentleman was born in Xibi country in the first year of Emperor Kaiyuan, pregnant with the family of Hong, and born on the side of Yuedanxuan, the jade tea floating mountain in his country, with the name of Qidu and the word Kaiyuan. It's been a long time, but it's enlightening the truth, sitting under the withered mulberry, thinking about it for a hundred days, and giving Lingbao ten wonderful scriptures of the great multiplication. "

On the noble Saint, you went to Chen Yu Avenue. After getting Buddhist scriptures in the early Yuan Dynasty, he assisted Buddha in the early Yuan Dynasty, ranking second in 36 days. After 34 days, you ruled Rique, Jolie, and managed seven rooms reflecting purple, with 300,000 guards for the golden couple. Worship of gods, five virtues spells, truth waits for the morning, and the emperor holds pictures.

According to the "Cave Xuan Ben Jing", Lingbao Tianzun lived with the world by the method of Lingbao. Since the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, as for the first year of Chiming, after the robbery of 990 billion yuan, people are like dust and sand, which is immeasurable. If you meet someone who is destined to learn, please ask me questions, and Lingbao Tianzun will not hesitate to teach you. There are thirty-six changes in Buddhism and seventy-two changes. If people want to see it, they should respond with affection and can be in two places at once.

In the Sanqing Hall of Taoist Temple, Lingbao Buddha often occupies the left position of Yuanshi Buddha with the wishful image in his hand, holding Tai Chi map or Jade Ruyi. In the large-scale fasting ceremony of Taoism, there are also many Sanqing gods, and Lingbao Tianzun is on the left of Yuanshi Tianzun. Lingbao Buddha's birthday is the solstice in summer, about the middle of May in the lunar calendar. The worship of the Han people to the summer solstice is often dominated by Lingbao Tianzun. [ 10]

Moral Buddha:

That is, the old gentleman on the throne, ranked third among the "three Qing deities" and was the supreme god worshipped by Taoism in the early days. Originally a thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period, he was an important figure in Taoism (later generations generally believed that Laozi was the founder of Taoism). On the occasion of Emperor Hanming and Zhang Di in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the poem "The Monument to the Virgin of Laozi" written by King Axe, the magistrate of Yizhou, said: "Laozi is a Taoist. Born before the invisible, started before the beginning, walked in the yuan, floated in the six emptiness, went in and out of the nether world, and watched the difference between miscellaneous and unclear. " Deify Laozi into a god of nature, on an equal footing with Tao. During the period of Shun Di (126 ~ 144), Zhang Ling founded Wudou Mi Dao in Hemingshan, Bashu, with Laozi as the leader. It is said that Zhang Ling said in his Notes on Lao Zi Si Er: "All roads lead to the same goal. ..... One is outside the heaven and the other is between the heaven and the earth, but people come and go in the middle ear. ..... One scattered shape is qi, and the other gathered shape is Tai Sui. It is always the same as treating Kunlun, or saying nothing, or saying nature, or saying nothing. " The name of Taishang Laojun first appeared in Taoist books. By the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the name of Taishang Laojun was obvious. In May of the third year of the Northern Zhou Emperor Jiande, "the two religions, Buddhism and Taoism, were cut off at the beginning, the elephants were destroyed, the shamans and Taoists were abolished, and the people were returned." According to Taoist records, the old gentleman on the throne at that time sent messengers to appear. A month later, Liang Wudi issued another imperial edict: "The Tao is abstruse, interminable, empty in body, and extremely mysterious in reason. ..... Today, we can look at capital from the perspective of channels ... We should explain it in a consistent way.