What are the ancient poems about "expressing one's will by supporting things"?

Yu Qian

A thousand hammers cut deep mountains,

When the fire started, it was idle.

I'm not afraid of fractures,

Leave your innocence in the world.

After thousands of hammering, the stone was mined from the deep mountain.

Take the burning of blazing fire as a very common thing.

Even if it's broken, it's not afraid

Because you must remain innocent in this world.

Simple meaning: Limestone is mined from deep mountains through a lot of work, and it is common to burn it with fire. I'm not afraid of being crushed to pieces. I want to leave my innocence in the world.

[Brief Analysis] This is a poem with objects to express its ambition. The author uses lime as a metaphor to express his strong and unyielding quality and his thoughts and feelings of fighting evil forces to the end.

[Modern Translation of Ancient Poems] It's normal to hammer into the mountains a thousand times and get burned by flames. Even if it's smashed to pieces, why be afraid? Just to keep a piece of blue and white in the world (as clear as the color of a stone, now often used as "innocence").

As an object-chanting poem, it is of no value if it is only a mechanical record of things without the deep meaning of the author. The value of this poem lies in the metaphor that lime is everywhere, and reciting lime is to praise a person's open mind and lofty personality.

The first sentence, "It's not easy to dig limestone". The second sentence is "If the fire burns, it will be idle." "Burning", of course, refers to burning limestone. Adding the words "if you are idle" makes people feel that you are not only burning limestone, but also seems to symbolize that people with lofty ideals are leisurely, no matter how severe the test is, they regard it as idle. The third sentence is "I'm not afraid of broken bones." "Broken Bone" vividly writes that limestone is burned into lime powder. The word "not afraid at all" reminds us that there may be a spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice. As for the last sentence, "I want to leave my youth on earth", it is the author's sincere feelings and determination to be a pure and innocent person. The blue and white in this sentence are compared with the color of the stone, indicating "innocence" now.

Zaomei

Year: Tang Author: Liu Zongyuan Style: Five Laws Category: Still Life

Early plum trees reflect Chu Tianbi.

At night, the north wind blows and smells fragrant, adding a touch of white to the thick frost in the morning.

I want to fold it and send it thousands of miles away, but there is no way to answer the question.

Cold English is on pins and needles, why comfort distant guests?

Zaomei

Year: Tang Author: Zhang Wei Genre: Four Musts

Next to Lincunxi Bridge, there is a cold plum and white jade belt.

I don't know if it started in the near future, but it is suspected that it has not been sold by Chun Xue.

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Interpretation of poetry

There is a plum tree with cold ling and white branches like jade. It is far from the village road where people come and go, and close to the bridge. People don't know that Hanmei blooms early because it is close to the stream, and they think it is snow that hasn't melted since winter.

words explanation

Tim: It's far away.

Next to: Shit.

F: It's open.

Winter: Winter.

Pin: This refers to the melting of ice and snow.

Appreciation of poetry and prose

The whole poem is to write a word "early". Just after the cold winter, the flowers are still blooming. Before the ice and snow melted, only a cluster of cold plums brought vitality and hope to the world. As a result, countless literati walked through the snow, looking for this early plum alone beside Ling Cold. At the edge of the stream bridge far from the road, the poet finally saw the early plum blossoms as jade as snow. The image of Zaomei is vividly portrayed, full of charm and in harmony with the poet's spirit.

Since ancient times, there have been many excellent poems with plum blossom as the theme. Some people have the charm of Yongmei, while others praise the charm of plum blossoms. This poem by Yongmei focuses on the word "early".

The first sentence not only describes the whiteness of cold plum, but also takes care of the word "cold". Cold ling wrote Chu Mei alone. The second sentence writes that this plum tree is far away from the village roads where people come and go, and close to the stream bridge. A word "Jiong" and a word "Bian" describe the unique environment of "a cold plum tree". This sentence is a link between the preceding and the following, and it is a necessary transition for the development of the whole poem. The word "Xiqiao" leads to the next sentence. In the third sentence, it is said that a cold plum grows early because it is "near water"; In response to the first sentence, the fourth sentence is that the poet suspects that the cold plum is the snow that has not disappeared since winter. A sentence of "I don't know" and a sentence of "suspected yes" make the poet's vision seem like snow. Finally, I looked intently and found it was a cold plum tree that grew near the water. The poet's doubts have been eliminated, and the "early" of Zaomei has also been pointed out.

Mei and Xue often form an indissoluble bond in the poet's works. For example, Xu Hun's poem "Early Plum" says: "A tree is plain with snow", which describes plum blossoms as snow, while Zhang Wei's poem suspects plum blossoms as snow with different intentions. For cold plum blossom hair, all kinds of jade are like snow, and many poets have had similar illusions of doubt. In the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi wrote a poem: "It is not snow that is far away, but because of the fragrance", which is also suspected to be the head of snow. Only when the faint fragrance strikes, do you know that it is plum, not snow, which is similar to the artistic conception of this article. Zhang Wei's poems, however, began with the plum blossom as jade without snow and near the water, and wrote the form and spirit of the early plum blossom, as well as the cognitive process of the poet's exploration and record. Through the surface, I wrote the spiritual harmony between the poet and Han Mei. Readers can appreciate the leisurely charm and infinite meaning of poetry by alternating turns and taking care of the beginning and end.

Zaomei

Year: Tang Author: Style: Five Methods Category: Still Life

Ten thousand mu can't stand the cold, and plum trees absorb the vitality of underground heating.

In the old Zita Law tree, a branch opened last night.

The wind is too fragrant to disappear, and the bird can see the plain face.

I will be alone next year, and I will start to reflect on Chuntai.

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Interpretation of poetry

All trees can't stand the cold, and the branches will be destroyed. The lonely roots of plum trees absorbed the underground heat and restored their vitality. In Qiancun Zita Law, a plum blossom, cold ling, bloomed alone last night. Its fragrance drifted away with the wind, and a bird looked at this plain early plum in surprise. I want to send a message to Meihua. If they bloom on time next year, please come to Wang Chuntai first.

words explanation

Wang Chuntai: It refers to the capital, and it also means spring.

Appreciation of poetry and prose

Qi is already a child of a poor family in the countryside. He studied hard while herding cattle. A few years later, he could write poems, was discovered by the elders in the temple, and was taken into the temple to become a monk. One winter, after a heavy snow, Qi went out in the morning and was attracted by the snow in front of him. Suddenly, several wintersweet blossoms in front of him attracted birds to sing around them. Qi was stunned by the scenery in front of him. After returning to the temple, he immediately wrote the poem "Early Plum".

This is a poem about objects. The language of the whole poem is light, moist and insipid, and there is no flashy atmosphere. It depicts the arrogant and cold character and elegant charm of plum blossom with meaningful brushstrokes, and creates a lofty realm with profound implications.

Mei-Wah Wong

Year: Tang Author: Ning He Style: Ci

No news from Cao Chun,

There are traces of wax snow.

Cross-ridge cold branches are self-dismantled,

It's a pity that it's cold and beautiful.

Shouyang is nowhere to be found,

Who plays the flute?

Yimei

Year: Tang Author: Li Shangyin Genre: Five Musts

Set the horizon,

Yi yi Wu Xiang Hua

Cold plum is the most hateful,

Often used as last year's flowers.

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Precautions:

This is Li Shangyin's later work in Zizhou. Written in the spring when flowers are in full bloom, the cold plum has already bloomed, so the title is "Recalling Plum".

At first, the poet's mind was not on plum blossoms, but on staying in a foreign land. Zizhou (now under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Santai) is more than 1,800 miles away from Chang 'an, and is called "Tianya" because of its vast territory in the Tang Dynasty. It is more psychological than geographical. Li Shangyin came to Zizhou at the request of Liu Zhongying when his career was frustrated and his wife died. Living alone in a foreign land and going to shogunate, I feel lonely and depressed. I didn't expect to live for a few years, and my mood was even more depressing. "Stay at the end of the world" is the voice of this painful soul. Fixed, still "dead" and "firm", the poet felt as if he had been nailed to this foreign land forever. Here, there is intense pain, indescribable boredom and helpless sadness. Qu Fu said: "The slang' Tintin' is elegant in poetry." This "elegance" seems to be understood as artistic expression.

The poet, suffering from homesickness and lingering sadness, couldn't help looking for spiritual comfort, so he turned out the second sentence: "I can't bear material desires." Wuhua refers to the beautiful spring scenery in front of us. Yiyi described the feeling of being intimate and touching in front of beautiful spring scenery. The poet seems to have been comforted temporarily in front of the blooming spring scenery, and a tender feeling of infinite attachment to beautiful things rises from the deep heart. In a word or two, feelings seem to be diametrically opposed. In fact, the feeling of "longing for things" is born of "settling in the end of the world", but two diametrically opposite feelings are interlinked.

"Han Mei is the most hateful. She grew into a flower last year." In three or four sentences, the poetic realm has a greater turning point. Faced with colorful "things", the poet can't help but think of plum blossoms. Spring blooms first, but when the flowers are in full bloom, the flowers wither early and the fragrance is exhausted. When a poet regrets, he can't help but resent. Recalling plum blossoms from To the Object is a layer of twists and turns; Remember Mei, hate Mei, another layer of twists and turns. "Hate" is the development and deepening of "memory", just as deeply expected disappointment will turn into resentment.

But this is just the psychology of ordinary people. For Li Shangyin, it is more internal reasons. The characteristics of "cold plum" blooming in spring and dying in the hope of spring will naturally remind poets of themselves: young people are wise early, topics are written early, and themes are published early; However, it was followed by a series of misfortunes and blows. After entering Sichuan, I was already "willing to be a Buddhist, willing to ring the bell to sweep the floor, and willing to be a passer-by for Liang Qingshan" (Preface to Fan Nanyi's Collection), and I was quite depressed. Isn't it the poet's own portrayal that this early show withers first, and he can't enjoy the "cold plum blossom" with a hundred flowers blooming in spring? In the poem Plum Blossom in Mid-November, the poet once expressed the same sigh: "Who is Zaoxiu? Don't wait for miss Fang. " From time to time, it is early, and the early plum that "does not stay as the fragrance of the year" and the cold plum that "grows as the flower of last year" are all symbols of the poet's unfortunate life experience. It is precisely because of seeing or thinking about it that the sadness of life experience will be touched, and poets will naturally complain that "cold plum is the most hateful." When the poem is written here, it is gloomy and closed, revealing an indescribable sadness.

The five-character quatrains are natural, and the meaning runs through. Avoid deliberate carving and twists and turns. This poem "Yi Mei" is full of twists and turns (Ji Yun's comment), but it doesn't give people the feeling of being sloppy and broken. The key point is that the twists and turns can't be separated from the poet's ups and downs and stranded life experience. In this way, the latent qi can turn inward, see in twists and turns, and see in diversity the unity, reaching the realm of God without trace.

Zaomei

Year: Tang Author: Meng Haoran Style: Five Dynasties Ancient

There are early plums in the garden, which are cold all the year round.

Young women struggle to get up and fold up and will be inserted into the mirror table. ①

I still want to read enough words, but I want to cut them with scissors.

chrysanthemum

Year: Tang Author: Chao Huang Style: Four Unique Categories: Still Life

Waiting for September 8 of the lunar autumn,

Blooming chrysanthemums are in full bloom, Chang 'an is fragrant, the city is bathed in the fragrance of chrysanthemums-Italy, and the land is like golden chrysanthemums.

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Also known as chrysanthemum

The title of this poem, Quantang Poetry, is "Fuju", which is probably based on the record of this poem quoted by Lang Ying in the seven revisions of the Ming Dynasty. However, Leisure Records only said that this poem was written after the fall of Huang Chao, and it was titled Chrysanthemum.

The Double Ninth Festival has a long-standing custom of enjoying chrysanthemums, and this day has virtually become the Chrysanthemum Festival. This chrysanthemum poem, in fact, is not a general ode to chrysanthemums, but a celebration of the Chrysanthemum Festival. Therefore, the beginning is "Stay in Qiu Lai on September 8th", which means to wait until the Chrysanthemum Festival. Say "September 8th" instead of "September 9th" to "kill" and "one" Ye Yun. This poem is in rhyme, and the author wants to create a decisive, intense and sharp voice and emotional momentum. The word "until" seems to be blurted out, but it carries a lot of weight. Because the day when the author wants to "wait" is a day of great change, and this "wait" is full of warm expectations and ardent yearning. However, this day is by no means illusory and elusive, but it will surely come like going to Qiu Lai in spring and move the time series. So the tone is relaxed, jumping and full of confidence.

What about until that day? According to the imagination of ordinary people, it is nothing more than chrysanthemums in full bloom and fragrant. However, the author's next strange sentence-"I will kill Baihua when I open flowers." When the chrysanthemum blooms, all the flowers have withered, which is a natural law and a natural phenomenon that people are used to. Here, the "blooming" of chrysanthemums and the "killing" (withering) of flowers are juxtaposed to form a sharp contrast to show the inevitable connection between them. The author affectionately calls chrysanthemum "my flower", which is obviously a symbol of the oppressed people. Then, the opposite "letting a hundred flowers blossom" naturally refers to the reactionary and decadent feudal ruling group. This sentence is unambiguous and vividly shows the resolute and firm spirit of the peasant revolutionary leader.

Three or four sentences, titled "I Bloom", vividly describe the magnificent scene of chrysanthemum blooming: "The fragrance in the sky penetrates Chang 'an, and golden flowers are everywhere. "The whole changan is shining golden chrysanthemum. They send out waves of rich fragrance, soaring into the sky and soaking the whole city. This is the world of chrysanthemums, the kingdom of chrysanthemums and the grand festival of chrysanthemums. The strangeness of imagination, the novelty of metaphor, the grandeur of rhetoric and the magnificence of artistic conception are unprecedented. The chrysanthemums written by feudal literati are regarded as the embodiment of upright and upright people at most, praising their Ao Shuang character; But here, it is endowed with the fighting style and character of the peasant rebel soldiers, and the yellow petals are conceived as the armor of the soldiers, making it the latest and most beautiful flower of the peasant revolutionary soldiers from the gentleman's flower. Because of this, the chrysanthemum in the author's works has changed the static beauty of quiet and elegant in the past, showing a kind of dynamic beauty that is rough and bold and full of fighting atmosphere. It is neither an "isolated symbol" nor just a bunch of "chrysanthemums", but the flowers in the city are in full bloom, occupying the whole of Qiu Guang and emitting a strong fighting fragrance, so it is described as "fragrant array". The words "Chong" and "Tou" respectively describe the prosperity and depth of its momentum, and vividly show the prospect of victory for the peasant uprising army to seize Chang 'an and dominate the world.

Huang Chao's two chrysanthemum poems are refreshing in artistic conception, imagery, language and techniques. Artistic imagination and association are restricted by the author's world outlook and life practice. Without Huang Chao's revolutionary ambition and fighting character, there would be no such strange talk as "Let a hundred flowers blossom and I will kill them", and there would be no such fantastic idea as "The city is full of golden flowers". Connecting chrysanthemum with armored soldiers gives it a fighting beauty, which can only come from the life practice of fighting. "Heroes have tried their best to interpret poetry since ancient times" may be understood from this fundamental point.

Chrysanthemum in front of the courtyard

Year: Tang Author: Du Fu Style: Ancient Seven Dynasties

The chamomile in front of the eaves moved late, and the green core was difficult to pick. Will be depressed and drunk tomorrow,

What's the use of rotten flowers? There are many fragrant flowers in the field beside the fence. Pick beautiful flowers to ascend to nave.

Branches and leaves grow out of the mill hole, and the roots are gone.

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In front of the eaves: also in front of the courtyard.

Tite chrysanthemum

Year: Tang Author: Chao Huang Style: Four Musts

The west wind is full of lotus in the courtyard, and the cold butterfly is hard to come.

If I were Di Qing next year, I would report to Taohua.

To annotate ...

Precautions:

Lin Kuan, a poet at the end of the Tang Dynasty, wrote two poems: "Mo Yan immediately won the world, and heroes have interpreted poems since ancient times." Throughout the ages, there are indeed many heroes who can "interpret poetry", and Huang Chao, the leader of the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, is one of them. Since Tao Yuanming's famous sentence "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely" came out, chrysanthemum has formed an indissoluble bond with the arrogant noble literati hermit and almost became the spiritual symbol of feudal literati. Huang Chao's chrysanthemum poems, on the other hand, are completely out of the mode of similar works, showing a brand-new ideological realm and artistic style.

The first sentence says chrysanthemums are in full bloom in the rustling autumn wind. "West Wind" points out the section and makes the next sentence; "Full Court" is full of words. Saying "plant" instead of "open" is to avoid rhyming with the last sentence, and the word "plant" itself gives people a feeling of standing upright. It is not difficult to see that chrysanthemums bloom in the wind and frost to show strength, which is not difficult to see in literati's poems about chrysanthemums; However, "planting a courtyard" is obviously different from the image of chrysanthemum in literati's poems. Whether it is to express the feeling of "being aloof from the world", to express the state of "being aloof and unique" or to express the feeling of being alone without company, the word "loneliness" is often inseparable. In Huang Chao's poems, he only said that "the garden is full of plants" because in his mind, this chrysanthemum is a symbol of the working people and has nothing to do with the word "solitary".

Unfortunately, chrysanthemums are in full bloom in the wind and frost, but it is cold and autumn, and it is difficult to come to cold butterflies. In the rustling autumn wind, chrysanthemum seems to have a chill, emitting a faint fragrance, which is not as fragrant as the blooming flowers in sunny spring, so it is rare for butterflies to fly to pick up the fragrance of chrysanthemum. In the writings of old literati, this fact usually always causes two feelings: narcissism and loneliness. The author's feelings are different. In his view, "my heart is cold in Leng Xiang" because chrysanthemums open in the cold season, and he can't help feeling sorry for the untimely opening of chrysanthemums.

Three or four sentences are the natural development of the above feelings, revealing the cold environment and the unfair fate of chrysanthemum. The author imagines that one day he will become "Di Qing" (the God of Spring), and he will make chrysanthemums and peach blossoms bloom together in spring. This kind of imagination, full of strong romantic passion, concentrated on expressing the author's grand ambition. Throughout the poem, the implication is obvious. The chrysanthemum in the poem is the embodiment of the bottom people in Qian Qian at that time. The author not only appreciates their tenacious vitality in opening up to the wind and frost, but also hates their environment and fate and is determined to completely change it. The so-called "for Di Qing" can be regarded as an intuitive expression of establishing the peasant revolutionary regime. The author imagines that by that day, the working people will be able to live a warm spring. It is worth noting that this also reflects the simple concept of equality of farmers. Because in the author's opinion, chrysanthemum and peach blossom are all blooming and should enjoy the same treatment. Chrysanthemum is alone in the cold autumn, and its core is cold and fragrant, which is really unfair. So he decided to let chrysanthemums enjoy the warmth of spring like peach blossoms. You may think this is a poetic idea of farmers' equality.

There is also a question of who will change fate. Pray for God's sympathy and mercy, or "I am Di Qing"? There is a difference between being a slave to fate and being the master of it. The author of this poem said, "I am Di Qing". This heroic language embodies the determination and confidence of the peasant class leaders to overthrow the old regime. And this is an iron threshold that all feudal literati can't cross.

The thoughts and feelings expressed in this poem are very heroic, which dwarfs the various rhetoric of literati living in feudal society to express their ambitions. But it is not superficial, but it still contains meaning. This is because of the successful use of metaphor in poetry, which combines the author's unique feelings and understanding of life.