Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty lamented: It is well known that Li Guang is difficult to seal, so do you know that Li Guang is difficult to use?

In the dark forest, the grass was suddenly blown by the wind, and the wind was rustling. The general thought that the beast was coming and immediately pulled out the arrow. Dawn went to look for the arrow, which had gone deep into the edge of the stone. I still remember that when I was in primary school, I always remembered Lu Lun's Song of Xia Sai, and I was in awe of Li Guang, a flying general in the Western Han Dynasty. Amazing archery can penetrate such a hard stone. At that time, all the children admired him and hoped that they could have such good martial arts. Bad luck, bad luck. Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal. I went to high school and read Preface to Wang Teng-ting, only to know that General Fei, despite his strong martial arts, was difficult to be appointed and felt sorry for his chance. Why didn't Li Guang meet Bole? Why was his talent buried? Is it because the monarch at that time was fatuous? When I grew up, I read Historical Records again and repeatedly referred to the biographies of several people before and after, only to know that this is not necessarily the case. What's that? Listen to Yu Youjun's explanation. 0 1 Liu bang period, is it expected to be sealed? In the 14th year of Emperor Xiaowen, the Xiongnu entered Xiaoguan, widely used good soldiers to join the army to attack Hu, and was good at riding and shooting, killing Lu Duo and becoming a Hanzhong Lang. Cai Li, Guangcong's younger brother, is also A Lang. Both of them are constant attendants of Wu Qi, ranking 800 stone. If you try to follow the line, you will fall into the trap and pass the test. Wendi said, "Sorry, I am not satisfied with my son!" " If your son is Gaudi, how come Wan Huhou has feet everywhere! "BC 166, Li Guang * * * joined the army against the Huns. Because he was good at riding arrows, he killed many Huns and was named Hanzhong Lang. At that time, Emperor Wendi was in power, focusing on self-cultivation and nurturing, and his policy towards Xiongnu was mainly pro-intimacy, supplemented by defense. Therefore, although Li Guang is brave and good at fighting, it rarely has the opportunity to send troops. Therefore, Emperor Wendi also lamented: "Li Guang was born at an inopportune time. If he was emperor in Liu Bang, he would have surpassed Wan Huhou! "! " Is it really? Li Guang is brave, but he has no strategy. I chose four military commanders in the period of Liu Bang, and their fighting capacity can match them. This is the food city they got. Fan Kuai and Hou in Wuyang: There are 1300 households benefiting from grain in Wuyang, and 5,400 households order grain. Quzhou merchants: He eats 5 100 households in Quzhou, except what he used to eat. Ruyin Xia Hou Houying: I want to feed thousands of households, and I want to order Ruyin 6,900 households, except what I used to eat. Yin Ying Hou Guanying: Ordered the baby to eat Yin Ying 5,000 households, except the former food city. There are 5,400 households in Fan Kuai, 5 100 households in Lishang, 6,900 households and 5,000 nurseries. These four men followed Liu Bang and fought bloody battles for many years, and they were closely related to Liu Bang. So what are the chances that Li Guang will be named Wan Huhou? You can judge for yourself. Fan Kuai stills You Youjun comments: The regret of Emperor Wendi only said that Li Guang could not work for Liu Bang, but Liu Bang fought Qin Jun in the early stage, Chu Xiangyu, princes Wei, Yu, Qi Tianguang and others in the middle stage, and later used many strategies to pacify princes with different surnames. During this period, Liu Bang only confronted Xiongnu once. Therefore, Liu Bang's battlefield is actually in the Central Plains, and the adopted art of war may not be effective for Xiongnu. From here, we can't judge whether Li Guang can look down on the desert battlefield. Hand-to-hand combat in Li Guang's pro-Qin period influenced the national policy of the Xiongnu to move to Huairou, and the Xiongnu went to war with Japan. Gong Sunkun, a classical country, cried bitterly, "Li Guang is brilliant, and he is conceited in his ability to travel westward. He fought against the enemy and was afraid of death. " So he moved to the Shang Jun area. Later, he was transferred to the border county satrap and moved to the county. Taste for Longxi, Beidi, Yanmen, Dai Jun, Yuntai Shou, all under the banner of happeneth. When Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty arrived, he still adopted the policy of Huairou in the period of Emperor Wen of Han Dynasty, and Li Guang was still a hero. He was later sent to Shanggu county, which was the first line of defense on the border. Li Guang beat the Huns every day and enjoyed it. Sun, a melee fighter in Li Guang, was very worried. He ran to Emperor Han Jing and cried and said, "Your Majesty, Li Guang loves war. If he is not transferred, I am afraid he will die there. " So Jingdi arranged Li Guang to other forts nearby. In order to prevent him from fighting, he often changed places every once in a while. But no matter how King Jing changed, as soon as Li Guang saw the Huns, he killed his eyes and insisted on life and death. You Youjun comments: Wenjing and Xiongnu emperors, mainly Huairou. Li Guang only needs to expel the Xiongnu who came to harass him, instead of letting him and Xiongnu fight hard. To some extent, his desperate efforts just go against the national policy. At that time, what China needed more was to cultivate one's morality and raise one's interest and raise one's health. The peace gained with his relatives could not be destroyed by his hand-to-hand combat with Xiongnu. Tu Xiongnu didn't get enough meritorious military service, and the national policy at that time didn't allow people who opposed peace like Li Guang to do so. Xiongnu attacked Qin in 2003, but Cungong (1) was not built. As a senior general, they fought against Xiongnu. After giving thanks to Er, the Han Dynasty lured the army to the valley next to Mayi, and was generally regarded as a general, who commanded and protected the army. It's time for Khan to feel it. Go, Han army is useless. In BC 133, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty changed his previous national policy and decided to attack the Huns. Li Guang finally has a great opportunity in his life. Although he is over 500 years old, considering that he has been in the front line of fighting against Xiongnu for a long time, he has rich experience in fighting against Xiongnu. In the view of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Li Guangke can shoulder this heavy responsibility. However, contrary to expectations, the Huns saw through the plan of the Han army to lure the enemy, so 300,000 Han troops failed, and Li Guang's first battle failed. At the age of four, with Wei Yan as the general, he went to Yanmen to attack Xiongnu. Xiongnu soldiers are many, the army is broken, and the army is wide. Officials should be widely lost, born in Lu, cut it and redeem it. In BC 129, Li Guang was ordered to attack the Huns again, but was captured. Later, although he escaped by luck, he was eventually demoted to civilians because of heavy losses. Li Guang led a horse and fled Yuanshuo for six years. After being reinstated as a post-general, he went out from the general army to make a crusade against Xiongnu. Most generals will be successful in the first battle, focusing on merit, while the Guangjun army will return in vain. In 123 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty finally reused Li Guang as a general and followed Wei Qing in the fight against the Huns, but there was still no meritorious military service. Three years later, Li Guang was besieged by 40,000 cavalry left by the Huns, and almost completely annihilated. It's not that Emperor Wu didn't give him a chance. Li Guang participated in three important battles from the first to the last battle of Mobei, but it didn't bring any surprises to Emperor Wu. If you were Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, would you think so? Obviously, at this time, Li Guang's position in the heart of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is declining, and his courage is commendable. It's a pity to abandon the tasteless food. (2) A number of young generals such as Wei Qing and Huo Qubing emerged in 127 BC. The Huns were defeated for the first time in the Battle of Henan, and the young general Wei Qing became famous in World War I, driving away the Loufan King and the Aries King of Huns and lifting the threat of Chang 'an. In 124 BC, Wei Qing drove the Huns to Wang Xian and became the commander-in-chief of the whole army. In 123 BC, General Huo Qubing, who was only 18 years old, was born. He led 800 cavalry into the desert, defeated tarquin, worshipped the general in title of generals in ancient times, and won the first battle. In BC 12 1 year, Huo Qubing attacked again, and the battle of Hexi broke the Huns and occupied the land of Hexi, which laid the foundation for opening up the road to the western regions. Welcome the evil king of Xiongnu to surrender and pacify the internal rebellion for him. In just six years, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing faced the same Xiongnu, but they made great achievements, which became the magic weapon for Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty to attack Xiongnu. Wei Qing stills In addition, compared with Li Guang, they have the advantage of age besides the meritorious military service. Under such obvious differences, does a wise boss know how to choose people? What's more, it is the talented Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty! Even if Wei Qing and Huo Qubing occasionally suffer a little defeat, he can accept it. They still have plenty of time to cultivate. And Li Guang is over 60 years old and dying. Does Emperor Wu dare to look forward to the future with him? (3) Is Lian Po old enough to eat? When Mobei Guo was two years old after World War I, the general and the generals in title of generals in ancient times attacked the Huns, so they went on their own. The son of heaven thinks that he is old and blessed; I worked for a long time and thought it was a former general. In BC 1 19, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty launched the Battle of Mobei, and Wei Qing and Huo Qubing each led 50,000 cavalry to the Xiongnu headquarters. Li Guang, who was over 60 years old at that time, requested to be accompanied. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty didn't want to use him at first, but he begged and begged before agreeing to the current general. However, this is only out of emotion, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty actually has other plans. General Qingyi was warned that Li Guang was old, frail and eccentric, and could not do whatever he wanted. Wei Qing had already received a private order from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and could not let Li Guang be a striker, because he was old and unlucky. So Li Guang was arranged to attack from the East Road, but he didn't arrive at his destination on time because he got lost, and missed the opportunity to capture Hun Khan alive. Wei Qing asked Li Guang to sum up the reasons, but Li Guang firmly believed that he was being set up and would rather commit suicide. Li Guang stills 04 Li Guang can't make achievements. Is it bad luck or something else? From the above, it is not difficult to find that the number of times that Emperor Wu gave Li Guang was not small. But every time, they were either captured, or returned in vain, or suffered heavy losses. Is it really bad luck that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty said? I don't think so. (1) Maybe we can find the answer from Huo Qubing. The son of heaven tasted Sun Wu's art of war and wanted to teach it, saying, "If you care about the general plan, you won't learn the ancient art of war." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to train Huo Qubing, so he recommended him to study the art of war of Sun Wu and Wu Qizhi. I didn't expect Huo Qubing to refuse in one bite, on the grounds that the war only needs to know the strategy and doesn't need to learn the ancient art of war. Is Huo Qubing too arrogant? No, because the battlefield environment has changed. Sun Wu's art of war focuses on siege and is suitable for the battlefield in the Central Plains. The conquest between the Central Plains is not limited to the princes, the city has been set and the people are all together. As long as the city is breached, it is victory. Even though there are some natural gullies and dangerous passes, after so many years of fighting, the generals know the terrain of the Central Plains like the back of their hands. Huo Qubing stills So what problems should the Han army solve on the Xiongnu side? (1) The Han army is facing an endless desert, and the Huns are elusive. We must find them before attacking. (2) tarkan is agile, so the marching speed of the Han army must be faster than theirs to win. (3) How to quickly find the weakness of the Xiongnu army and break it one by one when the main force of Xiongnu is outnumbered? (4) The soldiers and horses did not move, and the grain and grass went first. Only by solving the problem of grain and grass can we ensure the marching speed of cavalry. Therefore, the simplest and most effective way to attack the Huns is to find them, take them by surprise, take circuitous tactics, and break them one by one. Huo Qubing as * * *, of course, not familiar with the huns terrain and living habits. But he knew how to be flexible and boldly used Huns as his staff. It is not only easy to find the main force of Xiongnu, but also to find out where the weakness of Xiongnu lies and seize their food and grass, thus effectively ensuring the marching speed of cavalry. When Huo Qubing's cavalry can give full play to its greatest advantage, the Huns, no matter how cunning they are, are no longer eagles that come and go without a trace, but turtles in a jar. (2) In contrast, Li Guang's experience for so many years can be summarized as two points: ① Good at defense. Li Guang has been stationed in the frontier for many years, but he never went deep into Xiongnu territory, did not know the terrain there, and never considered recruiting some local people as guides. Without the guidance of local people, you need to bring your own food and grass. You can imagine how slow it is. 2 melee. Every time Li Guang meets Xiongnu, he can't hold back. He doesn't know the strategy of circuitous attack. He only knows how to fight to the death, even if there is only one soldier left. Therefore, when the young generals have found effective ways to fight against the Huns, Li Guang's desperate battle routine will certainly not be favored by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Consideration of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (1) Military merit assessment determines the ranking of military commanders. At the moment when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty decided to crusade against Xiongnu, there must be a ranking of military commanders to assess their achievements. At that time, because Li Guang had been in the frontier fortress for many years, he was bound to be at the top of the list or at least at the top, and his position in the heart of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty was also very important, so he took the lead in going through customs for the first time. But look at Li Guang's record, compared with Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, it is a world of difference! Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (II) Economic considerations for attacking Xiongnu Since the Xiongnu was attacked, the national treasury has been very nervous. Despite the warning order, every expedition should be carefully calculated. Imagine that the whole country tightened its belts and supported the fight against the Huns. Of course, it depends on the result. Otherwise, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty will face great pressure, admonitions from court ministers and people's complaints. And every time Li Guang failed to live up to his favor, he was either eliminated or failed. Li Guang complained about his bad luck there, but he was calculated by a villain. Has he ever thought about how much money Emperor Wu spent on it? No matter from the military assessment or the economic consideration of attacking Xiongnu, Li Guang's cost performance is really poor, and the use of him by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is like throwing a coin into the river, which is gone forever. Therefore, for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it is the right choice not to use Li Guang as much as possible. The conclusion of the stills of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty You Youjun comments: Li Guang is famous all over the world because he hit a stone with an arrow, and he won the trust of the king and the respect of the people because of his love for the Huns. But a well-defended general may not be able to attack, and a desperate play may not be effective. When he set foot on the vast desert where the Huns lived, Li Guang was neither familiar with the terrain nor changed his original tactics. Even if he met the main force of Xiongnu and didn't know the art of circuitous, he resolutely fought for his life, so that he was defeated repeatedly. The ranking of Li Guang's military commanders in Sun Shan has also changed from the first to the second. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave Li Guang the opportunity to conquer Xiongnu because of his high evaluation of Wendi, but he achieved nothing after all. But when people accused Li Guang of not sealing a marquis, do you know how much he invested in it? In the face of employees like Li Guang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty may only sigh: As we all know, Li Guang is hard to seal, but Li Guang is hard to use. References:

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