Heshi

Fan Xiping, a native of Guodian, Haining, is a famous Shi Xun. Young and smart, when I was 3 years old, I saw my father playing games with others and often pointed at his teeth. Later, he became a famous chess player, Yu Changhou of Yin Shan, and devoted himself to research. 65,438+03 years old, he appeared. At the age of 65,438+06, he traveled to Songjiang with his teacher, won many famous players and became a national player. In his twenties, he went to the capital to compete with famous players from all over the country. He is invincible and famous all over the country. Known as the "chess saint" by the chess world. He is good at playing chess, agile and flexible. Someone commented: "The layout was not careful at first, and it was never intentional. When it landed on the levee, debris and insects turned into lightning, and the overall situation was a great victory. " Yuan Mei once made an epitaph for it, saying, "Xiping is more sacred than a game." At that time, only Shi Dingan, a classmate, could match it. He is a simple man who has been engaged in chess and mentoring all his life. Although he was tempted by 1000 dollars, he didn't move. Love the spectrum of the sages of the predecessors and ignore your own heart. He is the author of "Peach Blossom Garden Game Spectrum" in two volumes, summarizing the previous experience and bringing forth the new. It is an authoritative work in the chess book of Qing Dynasty, which is widely spread. Another author is Er Zi Pu and so on. Fan Xiping (also known as Xiping) is the best of the four families. His life is recorded in Yuan Mei's Epitaph of Fan Xiping and Bi Shen's Preface to Autumn Songs. Fan Xiping Ming Shixun, a native of Haining, Zhejiang Province, was born in the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (1709). Fan Xiping's father is a chess fan. He didn't have fun until he got home. Unfortunately, the chess skill has never been high, so I only passed this hobby on to my son. When Fan Xiping was three years old, he watched his father play chess with people, so he spoke and told me what to do. The father was very happy to see his son as good as himself, lest his son be as bad as himself. Now he takes his son to worship Zhuang Zhuzhen and Zhang Weishi, and his chess skills are improving day by day. After a long time, both teachers are not as good as him in chess. His father also sent him to learn from Yu Changhou, a famous chess player in Yin Shan, who ranked third in chess. Under the guidance of this famous teacher, Fan Xiping has grown faster. At the age of twelve, I was on an equal footing with Yu Changhou. Three years later, Xiping has been accepted by her husband first. He fought with Mr. Wang for ten times, and Mr. Wang couldn't cope with the students' fierce offensive at all, and they were all defeated by the students. From then on, Yu Changhou stopped playing chess with him. When he was 0/6 years old, he became a world-famous national athlete. When Fan Xiping finished his studies, it was during the reign of Yongzheng and Qianlong. Living in Songjiang with Yu Changhou, he was warmly received by chess player Qian Changze. Ten years later, Fan Xiping visited Songjiang again to help Qian Changze in the election, and "participating in the research sooner or later" became "choosing the endgame". When Fan Xiping became famous, the world was at peace, and the officials talked a lot and had nothing to do. They compete for money to please a strong man to compete with Fan Xiping as a pleasure. At that time, the chess masters Liang Weijin, Cheng Lanru, Han Xuezhi and Huang Dou were defeated. Hu, a chess player, is said to be very brave and often defeated. In Danghu, besides playing chess, Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang mainly taught Zhang Yongnian and his sons Zhang Shiren and Zhang Shichang to play chess. Both Zhang and his son play chess in the literary and art association, which is called "three pieces" and is a model of teaching. During this period, they played against three chess players, and then selected 28 wonderful chess games and carved them into a book called Three Chess Pieces. Fan Xiping's chess name is in Wen Da. His student Bi Yuan once wrote a long poem "Song of Playing Chess in Autumn", in which there is a sentence: "You are a chess player in today's world". At that time, Fan Xiping was less than forty years old.

Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang edited this paragraph.

At that time, there was only one person who could compete with Fan Xiping, and that was Shi Xiangxiang, one of the four great families. However, according to various historical records, Shi's thinking is not as agile and flexible as they play chess. Stone often locks his eyebrows and meditates, but he can't get a child for a long time. Fan Xiping is very relaxed, and seems completely uninterested in playing chess, even going to bed later than Zi Ying. On one occasion, Fan Xiping's overall situation was critical, and people watching chess thought that he had no hope of winning and would lose. Fan Xiping still doesn't think so. After a while, he robbed me, and sure enough, seventy-two moves came back from the dead, and all the people watching chess were amazed. Fan Xiping and Shi Xiang Shaben are fellow villagers, of similar age. They often played chess together before they became famous. Later, they became national players one after another, so they parted ways and went their separate ways, and there were not many gatherings. According to Hu Jingfu's words quoted in the preface to the beginning of the National Games, in the last years of Yongzheng, Fan and Shi played ten games in the capital in the early years of Qianlong. Unfortunately, the records of these ten games are nowhere to be found now. Later, when Qianlong was four years old, Fan Heshi was invited by people in Danghu (also known as Pinghu) to teach them to play chess. Two famous chess players were invited to play games as a demonstration, and Fan Heshi played the famous "Ten Games in Danghu". There used to be 13 innings, but now there is 1 1 innings. "Ten innings in Danghu" is thrilling. This is the most exquisite masterpiece of Fan Xiping and Shi Xiangxiang in their lives, and it is also the pinnacle of ancient games in China. Players of the same generation speak highly of it. Qian said: "In the past, people who were good at Go were called chess saints. If you are two gentlemen, you really deserve the title of chess saint. Although there are only ten rounds, it will always be wonderful. " Deng Yuansui thinks these ten games are the "best" in chess. Fan Xiping and Shi Xiang are far superior to many chess players, and they are few and far between. Generally, players like Zhang and his son can only start after receiving the children. Players at that time ranged from two sons to eleven sons. Whoever lets you play chess is called chess guide, which was a practical and effective way to train backward people at that time. In addition, both Fan and Shi have personally instructed many disciples and made great contributions to the development of Weiqi.

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Fan Xiping is an honest, frank and simple man. He doesn't want to make money except playing chess. If you have money, you will also give half to the poor families in your hometown. Yuan Mei spoke highly of him and said, "I don't like playing chess, but I like playing in Xiping." . He thinks that those who "respect officials and value learning" are not as noble as Fan Xiping. Fan Xiping's chess style has been summarized by many predecessors. Li Zeng, a chess player, once said to Ren Weinan, "Jun equals only one side, and there are two sides left. If Mr. Xiping is an enemy on all sides. " This means that Fan Xiping's overall concept is particularly strong. Li talked about this in more detail in the preface to Passion. He said: Fan Xiping "can get rid of it, take the bend as the extension, lose the western corner to make up the eastern corner, bend here and there, and change from time to time, covering up the excitement in the game." Fan Xiping pays less attention to the gains and losses of one city and one place, but pays more attention to the overall situation. The specific technique is "changing with time, each expressing its meaning". This technology has been learned by many players and has a high evaluation. Shi said: "Fan Xiping won by bluffing." Deng Yuansui said: "The west screen is extremely high, like Long Bian, and unpredictable." "Xiping has towering mountains and great ambitions." Bi Shen also described Fan Xiping's chess style in "Song of Chess in Autumn Hall": "Huaiyin will entrust troops to command, and the deer will break through Chu, so as to exercise the magic machine. In Yin Kun's fierce battle against thunderstorm, Tiger and Leopard shares flew on Suwa's tail. Wu Dao is biased towards the teacher and Yu Zi is biased. " Suddenly surprised, the strange soldiers went up and down in the sky, eating or not, and the whole situation was broken. Li Ruzhen, a chess player in the Qing Dynasty, once said when talking about the four great masters: "These four great masters are novel and unique, higher than in the past. "Fan Youde is absorbed in thinking about people's mistakes." It is no accident that Fan Xiping got such a high evaluation. He not only absorbed all the experience of his predecessors, but also innovated and developed. This can be seen from his preface to Peach Blossom Garden, in which he first talked about the "practical things" of playing Go, and he himself "loved the joy of his predecessors for many years, but neglected his own heart." Then, he talked about the situation of chess in the Ming Dynasty: "There were writers in the Ming Dynasty, but they were all vague and didn't raise words. They speak in order, but in the opposite direction. " This is a short board for chess players and players. He also talked about the chess players in the early years of the Qing Dynasty: "At the beginning of the country, the chess players in amusement parks were all lonely, single-minded, and they were born one after another. They were born, then they were born, and then they were born." Righteousness, strange and strange, better than the predecessors. Then, he talked about his generation of players: "In the past 30 years, there have been no players in the country, and those smaller than one millimeter will definitely survive officially. "When trading changes, there is always a brainwave; Every two or three, use a comprehensive plan everywhere. At this point, Fan Xiping believes wholeheartedly that the fundamental reason for the continuous progress of Go is that "it will not wait and die forever". This fully shows that Fan Xiping is not superstitious about the innovative spirit of his predecessors. Li also said this sentence: "Fan Yu is a practical man. If he is a general and does not follow the ancient law, he will be invincible." What is valuable about Fan Xiping is that he doesn't think that Go will stop when it develops to himself. He believes that the development of Go is endless. He said: "Count infinite heads with the mind system and write the game spectrum of Peach Blossom Garden with numbers.

Endless days. When Xun was born today, he played today's game. After that, he knew it was getting more and more strange. "It can be seen that this Go master is very open-minded and full of confidence in the development of Go. Fan Xiping's Peach Blossom Garden is one of the most influential and valuable ancient books in the history of China. This book, "Stop abruptly and don't attack the former sages", is extremely rich, comprehensive and incisive, and records Fan Xiping's unique views on Weiqi. As soon as this book was published, it caused a sensation in the chess world and was popular for some time. Later, it was reprinted in multiple editions, which influenced countless players for 200 years.

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Fan Xiping lived in Yangzhou in his later years, when Yangzhou was one of the centers of Weiqi. During the period, student Bian Wenheng brought the teacher's new book "De" for comments. (Bian is also a student of the teacher) According to the chess game in the book, Fan added new ideas and wrote a two-volume chess manual. In order to make it famous in the world, the peak of Yangzhou Salt Transportation History was named after the official ancient well "Peach Blossom Garden", and the book was printed on behalf of the public funds in the department. This is the game spectrum of Peach Blossom Garden. Fan Xiping also created other Go works in Yangzhou. Fan Xiping didn't give up Go completely in his later years. According to Mo, in the early years of Jiaqing, he went to Shanghai. At that time, the best chess player in Shanghai was Ni Kerang, followed by Gong Jialu and others. Ni Kerang disdains playing chess with others, while Fu Jialu and others set up a chess game in Yu Garden to gamble with chess players from all directions. One day, Fan Xiping came to the Yuyuan Garden and saw someone playing chess, so he retired. After watching it for a while, the guest will lose, so give him advice. The people next to him were very unhappy and said to Fan, "This is gambling. Onlookers can't talk much. Since you can play chess, why not decide for yourself? " Fan Xiping smiled, took out a large ingot of silver from his pocket and said to Huanren, "This is my bet." Seeing so much money, all the people were jealous and rushed to play chess with Fan. Fan went on to say, "I'm not afraid of people talking about playing chess." You can play with me. " Halfway through the game, the opponent was at a loss and at a loss. So someone hurried to report to Fu Jialu. When Fu Jialu arrived, Fan Xiping was very calm. The third son played a game with him first, but Fu Jialu lost. Fan Xiping gave in again, but Fu Jialu still lost. Everyone is stupid. I had to bring in the last reinforcements, Nikjean. Nike let the news come. When we met, Hall didn't say anything, but stretched out his hand and messed up the chessboard to tell everyone. "This is fan. You are no match for him! " The news spread quickly, and rich people in Shanghai asked him to teach chess. The first four sons of the Pan family in Xicangqiao presented a game of chess, and the chess watchers recorded the game and compiled it into a book called Four Sons. Fan Xiping's date of death is unknown. Yuan Mei, a great writer, once wrote an epitaph for Fan Xiping, which did not specify the date of death, age and burial place, but only said that he died on a certain day of the month and was buried later. Yuan Mei died on 1797. In fact, Fan's going to Shanghai to play chess has a detailed record. It is estimated that Fan Xiping was not dead when Yuan Mei wrote the epitaph. That is the so-called "sacrifice of life". Of course, this is just speculation.