Take you to know the history of the Three Kingdoms: Wei Shuwu, three different countries.

In the last article, we said that during the Three Kingdoms period, the population ratio of all countries was miserable, and Shu had no way to develop on its own, so it had to fight. Wu Can develops on its own. Wei and Shu are two diametrically opposed countries. Wei is a state-owned army, and Shu is called a state-owned army. Shu can't be a real country, everyone has to fight, and fighting is the only task. Only by fighting and recovering the Central Plains can we become a real country, not by having a title and an emperor. Wei is a country with an army. It thinks it is orthodox. To build this country well, fighting is only part of the task. Contemporary Europe in the Three Kingdoms period was the Roman Empire and a country with an army. The army belongs to the state, all the soldiers belong to the state, and so do the generals. After leading the troops, the army will be handed over, and the army belongs to the country. Wu is a feudal region, ruled by a group of feudal lords. Wu is very much like medieval Europe. In fact, the concept of state is not so strong, that is, feudal lords, and there are small lords under the big lords, who lead troops to fight with the big lords. There is no serious imperial power or royal power, and it is basically a regime ruled by nobles. The Sun family is surrounded by nobles. At first, everyone joined your army with their subordinates, which lasted for a long time. It seems that Wu doesn't have much ambition and is willing to settle down in Jiangnan, so you can clearly see the order of claiming the emperor. First of all, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, and Han Xian abdicated to Cao Pi. As soon as Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor. Wu was emperor for a short time. Wu has no such ambition. He's just a pound of feudal lords. The title of the year is also quite interesting. Cao Pijian originally said that yellow is soil. Since ancient times, China has had many logics of this legitimacy. One of the important logics is that every dynasty has a virtue called five elements, which is the symbol of this dynasty. Because China has changed dynasties too many times, it has found various methods in terms of legitimacy. The Han dynasty was a fire virtue. According to the tradition of China, the order of mutual respect is Jin Mu's soil, fire and water, and the order of mutual existence is Jin Shui Mu, fire and soil. Therefore, according to the order of mutual existence, Huode was born. Liu Bei's courtyard is called Zhangwu, and both Huang Chu and Zhangwu are pursuing it. Sun Quan's title is Huang Wu. After the founding of the State of Wei, the State of Wu claimed to be the King of Wu, so he immediately issued a letter, ordering Taichang Qing Xing Zhen to confer Sun Quan as the King of Wu and add nine tin. "(The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Sun Quan's demotion to Wei was sealed by the prince of Wu) It is supposed that the title era should be used, but there is no one. From some cultural relics unearthed later, we can find that bamboo slips, for example, indicate that Wu continues to use the Han title, and it is still called Jian 'an, which is the title of Emperor Xian of Han. However, Huang Chu's title is used in diplomacy, and there is no special national attribute, just a group of feudal lords. How can it be safe? It is very important in China that everyone should have legitimacy when he calls himself emperor. There are only a few kinds of legitimacy of China, of course, inheritance is one kind, and abdication is also one kind. Cao Pi was given to him by Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, which is legal. Liu Bei's surname is after Liu and Zhongshan, and he has the legitimacy of inheritance. When I arrived at Sun Quan's place, I felt that the orthodoxy of the other two countries came from classics. It is recorded in the History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Wei, Emperor Wudi: "Take the latitude and longitude of your monarch as the instrument of the people and make your career safe. If you don't want to move your mind, use Dajun, Rongyi and Xuanmu. " ",the classic is the most fundamental law of a country, the classic is the constitution, and the Confucian classics tell you where the legitimacy is. Besides warp, there are weft. In the Han Dynasty, especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty, metaphysics and fortune-telling were particularly popular, each with its own latitude. The most important one is called divination, which means prophecy. Wu Jianguo's legitimacy as an emperor comes from this. Wei, Shu and Wu are completely different in character and nature, so they have made different explorations on this issue. Wei explored a serious country, a formal and orthodox central empire, and explored a very positive road. The most important thing, for example, is the Nine Grades Orthodoxy System, which is formulated by people who really claim to be orthodox countries. The establishment of Jiupin Zhengzhi system is Cao Pi's contribution. The Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Zhi and Chen Qun records: "The Emperor Wen was in the East Palace, deeply respected the ceremony and acceded to the throne, established the marquis of Wu, and moved the history books. The production method of do officer is also created by the group. "Being a right system is a step further than being a filial piety. Being a right system has clear regulations, even if you judge your character and then be an official. There are nine categories of official products, and so are personality. If you subtract four from your personality, it is your official product. This is the first real system of selecting and appointing officials in China. Although it is not as good as the imperial examination system in Sui and Tang Dynasties, it is also a great progress. The nine-level Zheng Zhi system did not stop ordinary people from rising. The nine-level Zheng Zhi system not only takes care of the door system, but also takes care of it. We can also open up roads and select some people from the grassroots. This is a sign of a country's progress, including the system of thick burial and thin burial. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms Shu Wei Wudi, Gengzi, Wang Beng, died in Luoyang at the age of 66. On the day of the decree: "The world is not yet stable and has not followed the ancient times. They were all taken away after the funeral. Those who are going to be soldiers are not allowed to leave the chariot department. There is a division, and each rate is the location. There is nothing hidden in the clothes. " "The more Wu Wang. "Cao Cao also invented the touch of gold a captain, including the famous hair mound corps commander, the so-called tomb-robbing official position, mainly from Chen Lin's" Writing for Yuan Shao ",which wrote that Yuan Shao crusaded against Cao Cao, and" "Cao Cao held handsome officials to personally explore, break coffins and naked bodies, and plunder treasures. To make the holy dynasty cry, the soldiers are sad! Cao Cao also specially sent a senior general and a captain to touch the gold, but the bones were not exposed. These official positions are not clearly recorded in the history books of this matter, but there is a clear record of thin burial: "Those who bury in ancient times will live in barren land. "The provisions of the Ximen Bao Temple is in the west Shouling. Because of its height, it is not sealed or treeless. Zhou Li's family took over the cemetery. Surrounded by princes before, followed by Dr. Qing. The Han system is also called buried tomb. Those who have made meritorious deeds by ministers should guard the mausoleum with them. It is widely used in the trillion domain, which makes it compatible. " Completely changed the decadent burial system in the Han dynasty, and these reforms seriously regarded themselves as what the regime of an orthodox country was doing. This is what Guo Wei did. What Wu did was how a feudal regime could make itself bigger and live a better life. Wu never wanted to unify China and rule the country. But what can I do to make myself live better? Shu is determined not to move. Shu is dead and will soon be gone. Wei can't beat him. What else can he do? Wu looked around and began to sail. If Wu's navigation can be compared, we can compare it with Portugal's navigation. Portugal is also located in southwest Europe, unable to compete for hegemony on the European continent. Go sailing and look for a new world overseas. Wu Yesheng lived in the southeast and was unable to compete for hegemony, so he went to sea. China's first voyage era was initiated by the State of Wu. "Peaceful Magnolia" records: "It's the wind to enter the country of Daqin after a month by taking a big ship and Zhang." Although the history books record the size of Wu's warships, which can carry more than 3,000 soldiers and various new technologies, according to today's archaeological and scientific argumentation, this is impossible, the technology is far from so advanced, and there may be many exaggerated elements recorded by the ancients. Wu's ship is not that big. At that time, Wu's navigation skills were far less advanced than those of Spain and Portugal. When the ship of Wu was very small, it could only go to nearby places, but Wu still sailed to almost all the surrounding countries. The reflection of Wu Shu's helpless turn records: "In the first month of the first year of Jiahe, Jianchang was worried about his death. In March, General Zhou He and a captain Pei Qian set off for Liaodong. In autumn and September, Wei attacked and offered He Chengshan. In the winter of October, Wei Liaodong, the satrap of Gongsun Yuan, sent a captain, Su Shu and Langzhong, to make Sun fully submit to his position and offer martens and horses. All of Da Yue, the title of Jiayuan. " Because of the nature of his country, Wu has made himself an export-oriented country with great diplomacy and good navigation. Shu is either a real country or a military colonial regime. Liu Bei took his brothers, such as Zhang Guan and Zhao Huang, to help others fight everywhere. In the end, they stayed in one place, but they could only fight and had no time to develop anything else. Of course, the most important thing during the war is to fight. The nature of the Three Kingdoms is very interesting. One is to formally establish a great empire, and the other is to occupy a piece of land, do it yourself and survive by yourself. Another is to explore how military colonization is done, how to conquer the local people, how to put all politics first, and how to focus on war. Let's write about the three kingdoms here first, and welcome everyone to exchange and discuss.