The original text and teaching plan of lesson 20 "Dream Back to Prosperity" in the first volume of eighth grade Chinese.

# Lesson Plan # Introduction "Dream Back to Prosperity" is an explanatory article that introduces the painting "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" created by Zhang Zeduan, a painter in the Song Dynasty. When introducing this painting in words, the author did not introduce it too much from the perspective of painting skills, but kept the realistic content depicted in this painting and showed the "prosperity" of the capital city of Bianliang in the Northern Song Dynasty as much as possible. The following content is ready for your reference!

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During the Northern Song Dynasty, the commercial handicraft industry developed rapidly, and the urban layout broke the strict boundary between workshops and cities, resulting in unprecedented prosperity. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the capital was prosperous in commerce, with a large number of businessmen, craftsmen and citizens living in it, and the cultural life of the city was also very active. Therefore, the theme of painting has been greatly expanded in reflecting real life, from depicting major historical events and aristocratic life in the Tang Dynasty to depicting all aspects of ordinary people's lives in urban and rural areas. Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a typical genre painting in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhang Zeduan's main activities were from the end of the Northern Song Dynasty to the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, with an unknown date of birth and death. Wu Dong, a native of Shandong, has a literary friend with clear pronunciation and mellow voice. When he was a child, he studied and traveled in Bianjing, and Hui Zong entered the Hanlin Academy. According to Zhang's sudden promotion, he studied painting and was good at boundary painting. He became his own family. In addition to the Qingming Riverside Map, there is also a map of the West Lake, which is said to have been painted by him. According to later scholars' research, The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival may have been written during the period from Zhenghe to Xuanhe, and it was the ruler of the Northern Song Dynasty who created the illusion of prosperity before his downfall to cover up the period of internal troubles and foreign invasion. After making suggestions, the immigrants in the Northern Song Dynasty in Du Nan missed their homeland. This picture must have its special significance in their eyes, and it is a portrayal of them looking back on their homeland and dreaming of prosperity.

Looking at this pair of masterpieces through this concept, we will find the hidden artistic conception behind the prosperity. Zhang Zeduan painted a picture of the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, which is colored in silk, 25.5cm long and 525cm wide. The works depict the bustling scene of the capital Bianliang from the city effect, Bianhe to the city. The whole scroll is like a movement. Adagio and Adagio gradually entered Allegro and Adagio, and then came to an end, leaving endless aftertaste.

The opening of the picture depicts the scenery of Bianjing suburb, sparse forest and mist, farmhouses and fields, and the spring is chilly. The villagers in the market are driving the donkey team to send charcoal to the city. At the fork in the road, there was a long line, surrounded by many servants. From the sedan chair covered with willow branches on the top, we can know that they are dignitaries who came back from the grave. Riding a donkey is a long journey on the nearby path. The new branches and buds of trees adjust the color and density of the picture, showing the breath of early spring in the north. In the middle of the picture is the bustling scene on both sides of the Bianhe River, which was the channel of north-south traffic at that time and the hub of national water transport in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Huge waterwheels are colliding with each other, busy boatmen unload heavy grain bags from the grain beds parked by the river, and trackmen drag their boats against the current, which is a busy scene. There is a large arch bridge on the Bianhe River, which is made of huge wood and has a beautiful structure, just like a dancing rainbow. The two ends of the bridge are close to the market and the traffic is very busy. The detailed description of a huge oil tanker about to cross the arch bridge has always been praised by people. The ship is lowering its mast and preparing to cross the bridge. The boatmen are shouting, holding poles and cables. The bridge echoes each other, and the shore is waving its arms to help. Passers-by gathered at the bridge to watch, but those who were rushing, pushing cars and carrying burdens were too busy to care. This tense scene became the climax of the whole painting.

The second half describes the streets of the capital. On both sides of the tall and majestic towers, the streets are criss-crossed, and there are many houses, including teahouses, restaurants, foot shops, butcher shops, temples and public toilets. All kinds of shops operate silk cloth, sandalwood, fragrant paper horses, as well as medical clinics, car repair, fortune telling, shaving and plastic surgery, and everything; On the street, pedestrians jostle shoulder to shoulder, endless stream, men, women and children, all walks of life, everything is ready.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival adopts the unique hand scroll form of traditional painting in China, with objects as the moving guide. The whole picture is huge but complex but not chaotic, long and not swollen, with clear paragraphs and rigorous structure. There are as many as 500 people in different shapes in this painting. It is different from the general boundary painting, adopting the technique of working and writing, with rich lines and clever brushwork.

The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a very realistic work, and the scenery depicted in the painting is basically consistent with the records of Beijing in the literature. The streets, restaurants, food, fruits and grocery stores described in Tokyo Dream can all be vividly illustrated in this picture. The Sun Yang Store and Foot Store in the painting are different from the 72 stores recorded in Tokyo's "Chinese Dream", and the rest are unknown. The details of the picture are also very real, such as the structure of the bridge, the style of horses and chariots, the clothes and costumes of the characters, and the activities of people from all walks of life. It is not a record of general lively scenes, but a vivid description of people's activities at all levels, which profoundly reveals the social life situation in this particular historical period. The rich content in the painting has irreplaceable historical value, which is not only an artistic expression, but also an important image material of China's urban life in the12nd century.

teaching program

Teaching objective: 1. Learn to use the combination of browsing and intensive reading, and develop the habit of sketching and commenting.

2. Clear the train of thought of the text and clarify the order of explanation.

3. By studying the methods and functions of interpretation, we can realize accurate and elegant language features.

4. Cultivate students' feelings of loving the excellent traditional culture of the motherland.

Teaching focus:

1. Guide students to use the method of combining browsing and intensive reading to clarify the ideas of the text and the order of explanation.

2. Guide students to read the text carefully, and experience accurate and elegant language features by combining the learning methods of explanation.

Teaching difficulties:

Understand the correct use of interpretation methods to make interpretation more accurate, and the influence of interpretation methods on language characteristics.

Teaching creativity:

1. Students discuss their learning goals and methods and determine their learning plans.

2. Repeatedly use browsing and close reading methods to sketch and annotate at any time.

3. Experience the characteristics of explanation language through the study of explanation methods.

Teaching process:

1. Enjoy the picture, select the part of the picture and explain the content orally.

(1) Teachers show pictures and introduce their experiences.

What we are seeing now is the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan, a painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, which is priceless in Chinese painting. Over the past 800 years, it has been played and appreciated by countless collectors and connoisseurs, which is also the goal pursued by later emperors and dignitaries. It has been wandering, suffered disasters, entered the palace five times and was stolen out of the palace four times, and interpreted many legendary stories. In this lesson, let's go back to the society of the Song Dynasty and experience the life in the Song Dynasty shown in The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.

(2) Students choose the part and explain it orally.

Now let's take a closer look at what's in this picture. Choose a part and explain what you see in your own words.

(Design intention and teaching suggestion: Use pictures to introduce students into the situation, so that students can try to explain the contents in the picture in their own language, which can be compared with the language characteristics of this article later, so that students can realize the language characteristics of this article: accuracy, elegance and clarity. )

Second, read the "tips", discuss the learning objectives and determine the learning methods.

(A) students browse the text, clearly explain the characteristics of the object, a preliminary understanding of the text content.

The teacher asked for self-reading 1: The research object of this paper is Zhang Zeduan's Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. What are its main features? Skip reading and filter out the main information in the text.

(2) Combine the "reading tips" with the learning experience of the first three lessons, discuss in groups, and determine the learning objectives and methods of this lesson.

Clarity: 1 Learning objectives: make clear the interpretation order of this article, pay attention to the application of interpretation methods, pay attention to the author's choice of words and sentences, and explain the characteristics of the language; 2. Learning methods: browse the full text and read the text carefully; Grasp the key sentences.

(Design intention and teaching suggestion: Students can have a general grasp of the target audience by browsing and sketching keywords quickly, and then teachers don't have to rush into learning. It is suggested that students should first be guided to read Reading Tips, recall the learning situation of the past three texts, and determine their own learning goals and methods, which is conducive to the formation of mature reading strategies for expository texts. )

Third, browse the text, make clear the content of the article and explain the order clearly.

(1) Students browse to find out the central sentence of each paragraph, summarize the main meaning of each paragraph, and then sort out the order of explanation.

The teacher asked for self-reading. 2: What information did the author introduce about this painting? Sketch comments in the text: find out the central sentence of each paragraph and summarize the main meaning.

After sketching out the central sentence and main meaning of each paragraph, the students divide the article into three parts: the first paragraph introduces the creative background of this painting and leads to the object of this article. The second paragraph introduces the author Zhang Zeduan and his creative motivation, emphasizing the theme of the painting "Dream Back to Prosperity". The third to fifth paragraphs specifically introduce the basic situation, main contents, artistic characteristics and social value of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.

(2) Students judge the order of full text interpretation, read the fourth paragraph carefully and judge the order of partial interpretation.

Students clearly, the full text introduces all aspects of the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in logical order, and the fourth paragraph introduces the main contents of the painting with spatial order. Clear organization and rigorous structure.

(Design intention and teaching suggestion: By browsing the full text and sketching the central sentence, let the students have an overall impression of the text and sort out the explanation order. Because of the particularity of the fourth paragraph, students also have a sense of concern about the key points of the text, paving the way for the following intensive reading tasks. )

Fourth, read the text carefully, learn the explanation methods, and taste the explanation language.

(1) Browse the full text, cross-link the topics, understand the center of this article, and determine the reading focus.

The teacher put forward the requirement of self-reading 3: What is the focus of the author's introduction? On what basis does the author determine the focus of the explanation? Read the topic, draw comments in the text and find out the sentences corresponding to the topic.

Students make it clear that the content of the picture is the focus of the author's introduction, which is the fourth paragraph. "Dream back to prosperity" means that this painting shows the author's mood of dreaming back to his hometown and missing the prosperous life. "Prosperity" is the theme of this painting, and it is also the focus and soul of this article.

(Design intention and teaching suggestions: Teachers constantly put forward tasks, and students use the methods of browsing the text and sketching key sentences to understand the meaning of the topic, make clear the key points of the text, and prepare for the later close reading of the text. )

(2) Read the fourth paragraph of the text carefully, identify the explanation method and realize its function.

The teacher asked for self-reading 4: Annotate the explanation method and function of the fourth paragraph in the book.

It is clear to the students that the fourth paragraph mainly uses the imitation description method, focusing on describing the whole and details of the picture, reproducing the social life it depicts and making the explanation more vivid and clear.

Teacher's guidance: In the article "China Stone Arch Bridge", the explanation method of copying is also touched. What is its function? Why did both texts choose the method of imitation?

Students know: 1. When explaining the Lugou Bridge, we also used the imitation description method. By describing all kinds of lions on the railing of Lugou Bridge, the characteristics of "beautiful shape" of Chinese stone arch bridge are explained. 2. Proper use of interpretation methods will make the interpretation more accurate and clear. Whether it is the beautiful shape of Chinese stone arch bridge or the prosperity of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, the description can be more vivid and clear through imitation, so the choice of description method is determined by the characteristics of the description object. 3. The method of imitating appearance adds vividness to the explanation of language.

(3) Browse the full text, identify the interpretation method and understand its function.

The teacher put forward the requirement of self-reading: 5. Browse the full text, sketch notes in the text, and use examples to distinguish what other explanations are there in the text? What is the specific function?

Students are clear: the article also uses a variety of interpretation methods, such as enumerating figures to make the interpretation safe and accurate and give readers a clear impression; Citation makes the explanation more authoritative and credible; Make the explanation more popular and vivid by analogy.

(Design intention and teaching suggestion: The method and function of judgment and explanation are the focus of this unit, paving the way for appreciating the vividness of explanation language. Middle school students have mastered the methods of the previous lessons, so it is not difficult for students to practice with specific sentences. )

(4) Browse the full text, read the fourth paragraph carefully, understand the different language styles of this article, and summarize the language characteristics.

The teacher put forward the requirement of self-reading: 6. Look at his own sketches and comments on the explanation methods in the book, and have different thoughts.

How do English interpretation methods make the language show different characteristics?

The students made it clear that the language of this article is plain, accurate, vivid and elegant. For example, column data makes the interpretation more accurate and reliable, and makes the language more accurate and plain; Metaphor, quotation and imitation increase the vividness of language, and quotation makes the language of the article more profound and literary.

The teacher put forward the requirement of self-study. 7. Focus on reading the fourth paragraph. Sketch: What words and expressions make you feel the "prosperity" of the content and the elegance of the language? Compare students' language experience of introducing pictures before learning the text.

Students know: 1. The language of this paper has the characteristics of general expository writing, that is, accuracy and plainness. For example, using column data to make the interpretation more accurate and specific; 2. The language in this paper also reflects the diversity of explanatory language, such as vividness and elegance. This is mainly reflected in the use of description methods such as imitation, quotation and analogy. Metaphor enhances the vividness of the article, and quoting classical literature enhances the cultural connotation of the article. Especially in the fourth paragraph, in order to explain the "prosperity" of painting content, a large number of four-character words are used to describe the picture content, which reproduces the prosperous life scene in the Northern Song Dynasty and makes the language of the article vivid and elegant, full of classical culture. And our own language is lack of organization and literary talent.

Teacher's guidance: For a famous ancient painting at home and abroad, the representative of Chinese excellent traditional culture, the use of language full of classical culture not only enhances the vividness of the article, but also fits the object of explanation.

(Design intention and teaching suggestion: For students, language learning is an important and difficult point. Appreciate the different characteristics of language by combining the study of explanation methods, so that students can learn language from the outside to the inside, which is both intuitive and profound. On the surface, we can see the differences of language characteristics by combining specific sentences, and we can also understand why the language presents such differences from the inside, so as to prevent students from mechanically memorizing language characteristics and applying what they have learned. )

Fifth, summarize in class, assign reading tasks and expand after class.

Finally, summarize the course with the students:

1. This paper introduces the creative background, connotation, general situation, picture content, artistic technique and cultural value of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in a logical order. The key point is to reproduce the unprecedented prosperity of urban life in the Northern Song Dynasty in this painting with vivid and imitative methods and elegant and classical cultural interpretation language.

2. Reading similar articles by combining browsing and intensive reading. Grasp the key sentences, clarify the content and ideas of the article, and clearly explain the order; Combined with specific examples, we judge the interpretation methods and functions, and notice that different interpretation methods bring different language styles;

3. Sketch notes at any time and get into the habit. In particular, you should mark your own thoughts and understanding in the corresponding position in the book for future retrieval and frequent reading and updating.

There are still many places worth exploring in The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. It is suggested that students read more works about the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival after class, such as the story of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival: Interpretation of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" and other books to learn more about this famous painting.

(Design intention and teaching suggestion: By summarizing and repeatedly strengthening the learning objectives and methods of expository writing, it is to help students form mature reading strategies of expository writing. Extracurricular reading expansion not only expands the content of the classroom, but also tests the methods of the classroom. )

Self-examination/introspection

This text is a new text in the new textbook of eight editions, and it is also a self-reading text. According to "reading tips", this text is mainly used to train students to learn the reading method of combining browsing with intensive reading, thus improving students' reading literacy. In the teaching process, I put forward seven requirements for self-reading, and instructed students to read the text repeatedly by reading the full text and carefully reading key paragraphs. In the face of key issues, teachers give appropriate guidance, which better reflects the main position of students' learning and the guiding role of teachers. In the learning process, students can make good use of the learning experience gained in the teaching and reading of the texts of "China Stone Arch Bridge" and "Suzhou Garden" to solve problems. For example, the judgment of the explanation method and the analysis of its function are completed quickly and accurately, but the difficulty of choosing the explanation method needs to be deeply understood in the reading and writing of the explanation articles in the future.

Language learning has always been a difficult point for students to learn. Combining the teaching methods to taste the teaching ideas of explaining language is to let students understand that the choice of explanation methods is related to the accuracy and readability of explanation. In the study of this article, middle school students have already had some understanding of this. I believe that in the future, with the enhancement of their understanding of language and characters, they will have a more transparent understanding, and then have a stronger understanding and control ability of words.

The profound connotation of this painting can be expanded through reading, so that students are more interested in exploring this painting, but there is no need to put forward too many specific requirements. In the future, as their knowledge level and experience increase, their understanding and perception of things will enter a new realm.