He Jingzhi's literature

"We are literary and art workers, and we are anti-Japanese soldiers." When interviewing He Jingzhi, he sang the school song of Lu Xun Art College. During the Anti-Japanese War, Lu Yi nourished He Jingzhi with his spiritual food, making him a famous poet. Therefore, it is understandable that He Jingzhi was so excited about the Anti-Japanese War and Lu Yi.

The bumpy road to pursuing ideals

When he was a teenager, He Jingzhi studied in a private primary school in Beiluo Village, Yixian County, Shandong Province (now Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province) and began to receive the education of advanced ideas. At that time, although War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression had not yet broken out in an all-round way, the Japanese had occupied the three northeastern provinces, and the call for national salvation had spread all over China. He Jingzhi said that several teachers in the school were very active at that time. It is not clear whether they are underground parties or progressive youths, but they have a far-reaching influence on our young people's thoughts. Under the guidance of these teachers, He Jingzhi learned to sing songs such as Su Wu Shepherd and Yu He Ge, but what interested He Jingzhi was literature. At that time, there were many famous writers' literary works in students' new textbooks, especially the works of some progressive writers, such as Lu Xun, Ba Jin and Ye. Chinese teachers like to introduce some extracurricular reading materials to students. Without textbooks, they print their own textbooks.

Later, with the encouragement of the teacher, the students organized the Latin New Writing Society, with He Jingzhi as its president. On behalf of the Institute, He Jingzhi wrote a letter with Latin New Characters to the Beijing Latin New Characters Association, announcing the establishment of the Institute, hoping to get their support. The general meeting wrote back to He Jingzhi soon, giving them enthusiastic encouragement and sending some reading materials, which contained continuous reports about the hard life of farmers in the south, especially the news of the Long March of the Red Army and the Xi 'an incident. In the process of reading these works, under the guidance of teachers, He Jingzhi's thoughts of yearning for revolution and progress germinated in his young mind.

1937, He Jingzhi, 13 years old, entered Yanzhou Normal University with excellent results. But the mountains and rivers are broken, and there is no pure land in the country to put down the desks. Soon, Jane moved south, and He Jingzhi was forced to drop out of school and go home because of his young age. Just when he was extremely depressed at home and asked about the relocation of his alma mater, the battle of Taierzhuang started. He Jingzhi recalled that although the battlefield did not involve his village, he heard the rumble of guns more than ten miles away every day and saw the fire and smoke after the shell exploded. Standing on the hill near the village, you can clearly see the situation on the battlefield. Tanks crawl like bugs. The village is not a battlefield, but it is the only way for troops to come and go and refugees to flee. From their mouth, He Jingzhi learned about the tragic war and the atrocities of the Japanese army. This made He Jingzhi hate the Japanese aggressors even more.

Seeing that the original beautiful home was destroyed by the war and listening to the painful groans of the motherland being trampled by the enemy, the young He Jingzhi felt that he could no longer wait quietly, so he decided to look for his alma mater. When he heard that all schools in Shandong were exiled to Hubei and became "national Hubei middle schools", He Jingzhi found five people to look for his alma mater. After some difficulties and obstacles, five people finally found the school. He Jingzhi said that Hubei belongs to the fifth war zone and is a local cultural activity.

There is a lot of anti-Japanese propaganda everywhere. There are few formal textbooks in schools. At that time, I was most interested in liberal arts and liked to read some progressive books. Students often spontaneously organize wall newspapers and perform national salvation dramas. He Jingzhi said that at that time, he doubted whether the Kuomintang was really resisting. Later, after listening to a survivor of the Nanjing Massacre telling about Japanese atrocities in Nanjing, I had a clearer understanding of the Kuomintang's non-resistance and command incompetence, and I hated the Kuomintang even more.

1938, as the Kuomintang troops were about to retreat from Wuhan, the schools in exile were also transferred. He Jingzhi followed the teachers and students of the school through southern Shaanxi and came to Zitong Campus in Sichuan. On the way to exile, many students took away some progressive books and publications, which became valuable spiritual food for He Jingzhi. Along the way, I read books whenever I have time, such as Popular Philosophy and Xinhua Daily, to understand how the Red Army made the Long March and what kind of school Lu Xun Art College in Yan 'an was. He Jingzhi's revolutionary consciousness was further enhanced, and he also had the idea of going to Yan 'an. He Jingzhi said that he liked the poems of Ai Qing and Tian Tian very much. Every time he got their poems, he read them in one breath and recited them repeatedly. Almost all the poems he can collect can be memorized. At the same time, He Jingzhi and four other students co-founded Wuding.

Wall newspaper, promoting anti-Japanese and national salvation. In Zitong, he began to write essays, novels and poems, expressing his hatred for the Japanese invaders, his contempt for the weakness of the Kuomintang government and his yearning for the revolutionary cause in words. Shuofeng published his long poem Children in the North, Ta Kung Pao published his lyric poem It's Late at Night, and Xinmin Evening News supplement also published many of his poems. He Jingzhi said that many poems were written at that time, but few were preserved, and the drafts of several long poems were lost. However, under the guidance of the national revolution and democratic consciousness, the road ahead is becoming clearer day by day, and more and more people love literature. 1940, with the pursuit of ideals and yearning for Yan 'an democratic revolution, He Jingzhi and four students quietly embarked on the journey to the north in the morning fog of spring. Everything in Yan 'an is so fresh in He Jingzhi's eyes. The gurgling Yanhe River, the towering Baota shan and the smiling people in gray military uniforms all brought him into a new world. In Yan 'an, He Jingzhi handed in his group poem "Leaping Forward" written on his way to Yan 'an. It was this group of poems that showed his talent in poetry, which made He Qifang, the head of Lu Yi Literature Department, decide to admit him.

Talent nourished by the spirit of speech

In Yan 'an, He Jingzhi hungrily absorbed the nutrients of knowledge and stretched his poems. In Lu Yi, Zhou Yang's Marxist literary theory class, Zhou Libo's "Reading Masterpieces" class and He Qifang's poetry class are all so wonderful that he feels that the ocean of knowledge is so vast and there are so many beautiful waves. At that time, Yan 'an often held some poetry readings, and He Jingzhi liked to participate in such activities. He wrote poems such as My Sleep, October and Snowflakes. 194 1 year, the Japanese invaders frantically raided the base areas, and the Kuomintang set off an anti-communist climax. Influenced by the times, He Jingzhi's creative perspective gradually penetrated into class suffering, and he wrote many poems about farmers one after another. Works such as Xiao Lan Girl and Red Lantern are deeply loved by everyone.

However, He Jingzhi's creative activities were greatly influenced by Comrade Mao Zedong's speech at the 1942 Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art, which was a great event in the history of Chinese literature and art. He Jingzhi believes that the speech was put forward on the basis of summing up the practical experience of revolutionary progress in literature and art in the base areas, Soviet areas and even Kuomintang-controlled areas since the May 4th Movement. It is a literary program of Marxism in China and a macro socialist literature and art. The speech is in the form of China's Marxist literary theory and meets the needs of He Jingzhi's thought and theory.

After the speech was delivered, the new Yangko movement began in the base area. From 1943 to 1944, He Jingzhi has been writing lyrics for the yangko team. As a screenwriter of yangko opera, he has also written some yangko operas alone. He Jingzhi wrote a lot of lyrics during this period, and the song "Nanniwan" which has been sung to this day is written by He Jingzhi and composed by Kyle to comfort the 359th Brigade. The song "Turning Over the Road" composed on 1943 truly and vividly conveys the fervent feelings of farmers in northern Shaanxi who are "united and turned over" under the leadership of * * *. Because this word has no signature, it has long been mistaken for an authentic folk song. This "misunderstanding" just proves the author's achievements in going deep into the lives of farmers in northern Shaanxi, experiencing their feelings and learning their language. He Jingzhi used China.

Ordinary people write their new feelings about their new life in a form that they like to see and hear. He Jingzhi also wrote a small yangko opera, Fortune Telling for the Blind, Dragging Braids and a medium-sized yangko opera, Zhouzishan.

When it comes to yangko opera, we can't help but mention the opera White-haired Girl. He Jingzhi said that the creation of White-haired Girl started in the second half of 1944. At that time, he had been a member of the Art Troupe for two years, and he accepted the creative task on the basis of in-depth life and participation in yangko opera creation. At that time, Zhou Yang and Zhang Geng proposed to create an innovative, nationalized and popular new opera based on the legendary story of The White-haired Fairy. Although "White-haired Girl" is based on a real story, it needs the creator's profound skills and artistic creativity to turn it into a work of art. After the performance of "White-haired Girl", the response was very strong, and the audience kept wiping their tears and crying. At that time, The White-haired Girl, with its great spiritual appeal, had a strong resonance with the working people in China who were absolutely oppressed, exploited and ravaged by Qian Qian. At that time, it not only became a powerful weapon to unite the people, educate the people, attack and destroy the enemy, but also infected and educated generations of China people with its eternal artistic charm.