Details of Li River (tributary of Liusha River in Heying branch of Huaihe River system)

Li River in central Henan Province. Because it comes from a mountain stream, it is clear and sweet, hence the name. It was called Lishui in ancient times. Originated in Silidian, Fangcheng County (Laolushan, nanzhao county), it flows through Fangcheng County, Yexian County and Wuyang County from west to east and joins Shahe River in the west of Luohe City. The river is145km long (total length163km) with a drainage area of 2,787km2. The average riverbed gradient is about 1/3000.

The upper reaches of Lijiang River are the rainstorm centers of Funiu Mountain, mostly mountainous areas. Historical floods were serious, and many reservoirs and flood control facilities such as Gushitan were built. There are many tributaries of Lijiang River, and the dry season is its biggest tributary.

Overview of the main stream, main tributaries, south bank tributaries, north bank tributaries, river basin hydrology, river regulation, dike reinforcement, reconstruction of dangerous houses, willow slope protection, culvert construction, reservoir construction, overview of the main stream Lijiang River is named after its clear and mellow origin from mountain streams. It was called Lishui in ancient times. The main stream is all in Henan Province, which originates from Lishugou in the northwest of Silidian Village in Fangcheng County (referring to Laolushan in nanzhao county), flows through Yexian County and Wuyang County, and joins Shahe River in the west of Luohe City, with a total length of163km and a drainage area of 2,787km2. The average riverbed gradient is about 1/3000. Wuyang County of Li River is located in Ye County. The Li River flows eastward through Guaihe Street in Fangcheng County, and five towns, Changcun, Li Xia, Jiuxian, Longquan and Fentai, enter Wuyang County and enter Panzhai Village in Fentai Township to the south. The county seat is 5 1 km long, with a drainage area of about 430 square kilometers. In Wuyang, Lijiang River flows in Wanyang Village, Baohe Township, flows through the territory for 45 kilometers, and flows out in Zuozhuang Village, Jiujie Township. The basin area above Hekou Village is 2 124 square kilometers. The riverbed width is130 ~170m, ensuring flood control flow 1900 m3/s above the estuary, 2400 m3/s below the estuary, and low water flow1.2m3/s. In the urban area of Luohe, the Li River flows into the Shahe River. The Lijiang River winds for more than ten miles in the urban area. The average width of the Lijiang River bed is about 65 meters, and the average width of the beach is 100 meters. In flood season, the safe flow after the confluence of Shahe River and Lihe River is 3000m3/s, and the corresponding water level is 61.5m. There are more than 20 tributaries in Lijiang River, most of which are injected from west to east. The main tributary of Ganjiang River, a tributary of the south bank, originates from Yangtou Mountain in Fangcheng County, flows through Yexian County and Wuyang, and joins the Lijiang River at ShangLee Ha Store. The river is 98.7 kilometers long with a drainage area of 1.28 square kilometers. The drainage area of Guanzhai Hydrological Station is 1 124 square kilometers, 1896 flood peak flow is 9000 cubic meters per second, 1975 12 100 cubic meters per second, which is a high-value area of flood peak modulus in Henan Province. Sandaogou originated from the three slopes in the south of Changcun Township. The water from the three slopes of the mountain, the north and the east flows northward into three small river gullies, and flows into one water in Sandaogou Village, with a southwest-northeast flow direction, and then flows into the Lijiang River to the west of Gushan through Lizhuang, Ningzhuang and Gaozhuang. This ditch is 10 km long. There are three small river gullies in the upper reaches of Shizigou River, with Liujiangou water from Guanshinao Mountain in the middle, Fujunmiaogou water from Hunzhangling in the west and Menggou water from Zoumaling in the east. The three rivers all run in the north-south direction and join the Lijiang River in the northeast of Gushan, with a total length of 12km. Xihe River in Li Xia originates from Miao Zhuang on the northern slope of Shuangshan Mountain in Li Xia Township, and there is Miao Zhuang Reservoir on the river. The upper reaches of this river basically run north-south. Starting from Miao Zhuang, it passes through Qiling, Sanhuwang, Jiaolou, Gengzhuang and Qiandong, then flows eastward and joins the Lijiang River at Xialixi, with a total length of 9.5 kilometers. Li Xia Donghe River is one of the main tributaries on the south bank of Lijiang River. Water flows out between Yindongling and Dengzhanwo Mountain, flows north and south between Hongshiya and Spider Mountain, and the water from Naer Mountain enters Man Zi Ying Reservoir. After leaving the reservoir, it passes through Dongling, Tianhe, Xiaozhuang and Hutuo, turns to the northeast, flows through Yang 'an Reservoir, and flows into Renli River in the north of Xiaohe Guocun Village, with a length of 15km. Wulihe River, water flows from Dawa in the north of Gaoyuan Mountain and Lishan in Niutou, flows through Zhangqilou, Sunzhuang and Houzhuang in the north and south, flows through Xiaoyan Village and Wulihe Village in the northeast, and flows into the Lihe River in the north of Ligongfu Village in the old county, with a total length of 7 kilometers. Yuelou River flows out of Shilizhuang, Li Xia Township, southwest and northeast, and flows into Lijiang River via Yuelou Village, with a total length of 3 kilometers. Xiaogezhuang River, 3.5 kilometers long, flows from Wulidi and xia zhuang in the south of the old county, southwest to northeast, and then flows into the Li River via Xiaogezhuang northeast. Shaoche River, also known as Li Sanhe, is the main tributary of the south bank of Lijiang River. Originated in Gaolou Mountain (formerly known as Kucai Mountain), it flows from southwest to northeast, flows through Gaozhuang Reservoir, Gaozhuang, Wuzhuang and Shizhuang, and flows into the Li River in the northeast of the old county. Daomagou, also known as Dead Horse River. There are two sources of water, one is from the east and west Maozhuang hills of the old county, the other flows through Nanhezhuang and Zhangbei, the other flows through East Liu Zhuang in the northeast of Zhangbei, and the other comes from Penyang Village in the east of Liu Zhuang. It flows due north and flows into the Li River in Fanzhuangzhai, with a length of 8 kilometers. Longquan River flows from Guo Zhuang in the west of Longquan Township, flows north through Bai Hao Zhuang and Wang Xiaohe, flows east through Xiaoheguo, then flows northeast, and flows into Lijiang River in the northwest of Longquan, with a total length of 5.5 kilometers. Xiangtang River, a tributary of the north shore, flows out of Huangwan and Shangguogou in the old Qingshan area. The upper section runs from northwest to southeast, passes through Yangzhuang and Xiazaoyuan to the south of Xiangtang Village, turns northeast, and flows into the Lijiang River in the southwest, with a total length of 5.5 kilometers. Maihe, out of Shimen Mountain, flows from northwest to southeast through Xiamazhuang. Into the Li River in Renzhuang. Wenquan River, an important tributary of the northern bank of Lijiang River, is 6.5 kilometers long, mainly composed of the northern branch of Hulang Mountain, the middle branch of Waishan Mountain, the eastern slope and the southern branch of Douyin Mountain. After the confluence, it flows eastward into the Lijiang River, and the north branch is the longest 12km. Wenji River flows out from the hillside of Sanjianfang and Yiniukeng in the north of Changcun Township, flows from northwest to southeast, and flows into the Li River through Dalouzhuang, Yuetai, Zhangzhuang and Wenji Village, with a total length of 6 kilometers. Lilindian River has two sources, one is from the northeast hillock of the platform, and the other is from Yangfenggou, both of which flow from northwest to southeast, then merge with the southeast of Lilindian, and then flow eastward. Once it flows into the Li River from the south of Sangyuan, it is 4.5 kilometers long. Xiangdong River flows out of Daguanzhuang, south of Li Xia Township, flows through Pengzhuang and Donghu Lake in the southeast, and joins Lihe River in the southeast of Huang Hu, with a total length of 3.5 kilometers. The Erdong River flows out of the northwest of Li Xia Township, and there are three small gullies in the upper section, which originate from Daguanzhuang, xiaoguanzhuang and Xu Ling in turn from west to east. Three gullies merge into one in the northeast of East Lake and flow into Lihe River in the east of East Lake Village, with a length of 3.5 kilometers. Meiwan ditch, out of Xiediangang in the northwest of the old county, flows between Laoya Village in the southeast Meiwan forest and flows southward into the Li River, with a length of 3 kilometers. The Shenwan ditch in the middle of the old county and township, which flows out of Jinwan and Beishuicheng, accumulates under the slope to form a river ditch, flows southward through Shenwan and Xiaogaozhuang, and flows into the Li River, with a length of 3 kilometers. Ma He, also known as Scorpion River, is the main tributary of the north bank of Lijiang River. Originating from the northwest slope of Sanminzhai in Laoxian Township, it runs parallel to Hecheng River to the east, flows through Tianzhuang Township and the south of Fentai Township, and flows into Lijiang River after entering Wufengzhuang in Fentai Township. The inland river in the county is 1km long, and the riverbed is 9 meters wide and 4 meters deep. The basin covers an area of about 40 square kilometers. Watershed Hydrology There are many shallow hills and hills in the upper reaches of Lijiang River, with poor vegetation and some rocks. It is also a rainstorm area in Funiu Mountain, with many tributaries. During the rainy season, the water rises quickly, and the gravel and gravel on the hillside flow down for dozens of miles. Gushitan Hydrological Station covers an area of 285 square kilometers, with 1896 peak discharge of 5 140 cubic meters per second. An ancient shitan reservoir was built at 1958. The upper reaches of Yexian County are winding, the riverbed is seriously scoured, about 400 meters wide, and the river slope is covered with stones. To the east of Jiuxian Bridge on Cheung Nam Highway, the river course is relatively straight, the riverbed is about 300 meters wide, and the annual average runoff is/kloc-0.03 million cubic meters. The flood discharge capacity is 1.900 m3/s, and the maximum flood discharge in summer is 4650m3/s. The river overflows and the water surface is wide 1km. The minimum flow rate is 0.23 cubic meters per second. The Lijiang River has a frozen period in the dry season of winter and spring. 1956 river regulation and dike reinforcement, regulating the dike sections from the north bank of Mazi estuary to Sun Wan and the south bank of Dongzhuang to Yangtianchi18.8km, and completing earthwork175,000m3, with the dike top width of 2m. 1962 to 1969 comprehensively repaired and reinforced the dike, and the top of the dike was 3 meters wide and generally raised by 2 meters. The total length of the embankment is 50.5 kilometers, and the earthwork 1 1 1 1,000 cubic meters. 1970 to 1974 reinforced the main dangerous dike sections, and built the moon dike around Yangwenjin, Guangguoyang, Dougouchen and Wanma. 1975 After the catastrophic flood in August, the dike body was ploughed, and the top of the dike was widened to 5 to 7 meters. By the end of 1985, a total of 20 1.4} 5 kilometers of dikes had been built, and 2.99 million cubic meters of earth and stone were completed, with the state investment of1.239 million yuan. From 1953 to 1985, there are 1 revetments on the Lijiang levee, including 7 stone revetments, 5 brick revetments and 6 concrete revetments, with a total length of 2,799 meters. Brick, stone and concrete 12700 cubic meters, with national investment of 5 1. Planting willow for slope protection 1964 In the south of Li Xia village, planting willow for slope protection was tried out, which solved the problem of bank protection and achieved obvious results. 1965, cut slopes and plant willows in each river channel, and plant willows around the stone revetment and on the river beach to fix the beach. By the end of 1985, He Cheng * * * had completed the willow slope protection project at 18. It is 43.7 kilometers long and has 684,500 willow planting piles. The state invested 70,000 yuan. 1963 to 1983 culvert construction. Four culverts were built in Chen, Qiaogou, Xiao Zhao and Dougou in Wujin, and 30 culverts were built along the river bank. Reservoir Construction Gushitan Reservoir is located at the junction of Yexian County and Fangcheng County in the upper reaches of Lijiang River, with a control basin area of 285 square kilometers. Located in the east of Funiu Mountain, it is one of the main rainstorm centers and frequent areas in the province. 1958 started construction, and 1959 closed the dam in winter. 1June, 960, the small section of the dam reached the design elevation. Due to the poor construction quality, it was decided to postpone the dam construction in June 196 1. 1970, the revolutionary Committee of Xuchang area put forward the scheme of once-in-a-century flood design and once-in-a-thousand flood check, and determined the total storage capacity as1570,000 cubic meters with a benefit of 70.4 million cubic meters on the principle of not flooding Guaihe Town of Fangcheng County. The designed dam is a sandy pebble dam with clay core wall, with a maximum dam height of 30.3m, a crest elevation of160.3m, a breakwater height of10.2m and a dam length of 494m. The surface layer of the platform dam foundation is sandy pebble with a thickness of 6-8m. Adopt clay cutoff ditch to prevent seepage; The surface of the left dam head is a sedimentary layer, and there are caves in the rocks below, so it is covered with clay. The main spillway is connected with the right dam head, and there is a trough beside the mountain. There is a three-hole spillway gate with a width of10m and a height of 6m, and the maximum flow is 2188m3/s.. The auxiliary spillway is located in the ravine on the left side of the dam, with a bottom width of 15m and a maximum flow of 748m3/s..4 It was started in April 1970 and completed in August 1974. 1976 The bottom width of the auxiliary spillway was expanded from 15 m to 40 m, and the bottom height was reduced by 2 m, which can prevent the flood in 2000. 1977 was completed. The investment of the above projects is12.92 million yuan. After the completion of the reservoir, the downstream flood disaster was effectively alleviated. Especially in the flood of 1975, the average rainfall in the upper reaches of the reservoir for three days is 787 mm, and the maximum flood peak flow in the reservoir is 5630 cubic meters per second. The reservoir impounded flood10.67 billion cubic meters, the maximum discharge was 26 1 cubic meter per second, and the flood peak was reduced by 54%, with remarkable effect. It can be used as the water source of irrigation area, with a design area of 2 1.58 million mu, two hydroelectric generating units of 300 kilowatts, and fish culture area of about 1.00 million mu.