A detailed explanation of Zhongmou City Series —— The origin of Zhongmou City

We have read many articles about the dispute over Zhongmou City, most of which quoted the records in Mandarin and Guanzi, and then directly talked about where Zhongmou City should be. None of them can explain in detail why they want to build a city in Jianzhong. There is at most a mystery behind the origin of Zhongmou City. This point is made clear, and the ownership of Zhongmou City is basically clear. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, there were many ethnic minorities around the Zhou royal family, including barbarians and barbarians in the south. Even Chu, one of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, was regarded as barbarian. There are mainly Rong, Di and Hu in the west and north. "Biography of Xiongnu" records: "It is vulgar, generous, and follows livestock. Because it makes a living by hunting animals, it is urgent, and people are used to fighting and attacking them." Let's take a brief look at these three ethnic minorities first: Rong is a nation with a long history, which brought disaster to China in ancient times, and it is described in The Book of Songs that "the people who have conquered the south are arrogant in the west". Rong was widely distributed in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and there were many names for them in the book: Qiang, Dog Rong, Beirong and so on. Among them, the attack of dog Rong on the Western Zhou Dynasty forced Zhou Pingwang to move to Luoyang. Shanrong is a branch of Beirong, named after living in the northern section of Taihang Mountain, and the vassal states near Taihang Mountain suffered greatly. Once, in order to save Yan, I cut down my face. Biandi, also known as Zhai or Beidi, was later divided into two branches, one called Red Biandi and the other called Red Biandi. "Huainanzi" records: "North of Yanmen, Di does not eat grains, looks cheap and expensive, and customs are still strong; If people don't bow their heads, horses don't understand; It is also convenient. " Chide is the most tough, covering China, Xing, Wei, Qi, Jin, Zheng and Lu countries. Because it is difficult for people in the Central Plains to distinguish between Rongdi and Rongdi, it is generally called Rongdi. There are also Hu, mainly, Lou Fan and Dong Hu. At that time, the Hu nationality was relatively weak and less harmful. When I say small, I mean relative to Rong Di. King Wuling of Zhao imitated them in his riding and shooting of Khufu. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Hua wrote "Hanging the Ancient Battlefield": "Zhao died as a shepherd, Hu Lin was broken, and he fled thousands of miles to the Huns." These ethnic minorities are nomadic, not under the rule of the Zhou royal family, and their way of life determines their strong combat effectiveness. The army is dominated by cavalry and is good at surprise attacks. China countries are basically infantry, not rivals at all, and they are mainly patient in the face of aggression. These are the surrounding environment of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Making it clear will help to understand the following plot. "Guanzi" screenshot According to "Historical Records? "Zhou Benji" records: "Dog Rong attacked you Wang, and Xiang recruited soldiers, but before he arrived, he killed you Wang at the foot of the mountain. "Zhou Pingwang moved the capital to Luoyang, and Northwest Dog Dijon quickly followed suit, and then North Dijon pressed south. For a time, China was everywhere. In 662 BC, Di people raided Xing State (now Xingtai, Hebei Province) and Xing State was defeated. In the second year, Tijen quickly conquered the southern state of Wei (now Qixian County, Henan Province). In 660 BC, Tijen attacked the capital of Xing State and destroyed Xing State. Both Xing and Wei asked for help. According to historical records, at that time, Qi, Cao, Song and Zheng all sent troops to rescue, but they didn't go to Hebei, and later they had a special article. In order to avoid Tijen's sharp edge, we can only arrange it in (now southwest of Liaocheng, Shandong Province) and arrange Wei Jun in Chuqiu City on the east bank of the Yellow River (east of hua county, Henan Province). However, Qi Huangong can't sit idly by and do nothing about the Dijon disaster, which will damage the reputation of the overlord. At Guan Zhong's suggestion, he built a defense line with the Yellow River as the frontier. At that time, the productive forces were underdeveloped, and crossing the Yellow River was not an easy task, so the Yellow River was a frontier. According to Mandarin, Qi Huangong built five deer, Zhongmou, Gaiyu and Muqiu to keep the summer land. " There is the same record in Guanzi, but there is also a leaf city. Let's explain the location of these cities in detail; 1. Five Lucheng: Historical Records? "Justice": "Five deer are in the east twelve miles of Yuancheng County, Weizhou." "Shui Jing Zhu" records: "The old city of Yuancheng County ... Guodong has five deer markets, and many cities are trapped around the markets. Gu Zuyu's summary of reading history and geography: Wulucheng is in the southeast of the mansion. "Today, daming county, Hebei Province, is located in the east of the Yellow River. 2. Gai and Cheng: According to the Records of Heshun County, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the name of Heshun was Gai and Cheng, which is now heshun county, Shanxi. In the west of Taihang Mountain. 3. Muqiu City: There is a Taizigao site 200 meters southwest of Taizigao Village, Dulangkou Township, Chiping County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province, which is considered to be the site of Muqiu City. In Hedong. 4. Yecheng: Only Guanzi has this city, and later there is a special article for textual research. At this point, the environment of Zhongmu City has been introduced. Let's talk about Zhongmu City. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, Luoyang had two roads to the eastern countries such as Wei, Yan, Xing, Qi and Lu. One is to cross the Yellow River from Jinmeng, cross Taihang Mountain and then enter Wei and Yan in the north, and then cross the Yellow River to Qilu in the east. Emperor Rong blocked this road after attacking Xing and Wei. By 650 BC, after Emperor Rong invaded Wen Guo (wen county, Henan), the vast area between Taihang Mountain and Yellow River all fell under Emperor Rong's rule. The defender and Qi had no choice but to go to the Zhou royal family on the south bank of the Yellow River and go east to Zhongmou. Zhongmu is not only a transportation hub and strategic location, but also the rear area of Qi State. The construction of Zhongmou City can guard against the invasion of northern Rongdi to southern countries, which is the "summer defense" mentioned above. The city was built near a village called Zhongmou, which was named Zhongmou City locally. Qi Huangong's carefully constructed two lines of defense did not achieve the expected results. Since then, the State of Qi has been invaded repeatedly by Rong Di, but Zhongmou City has never been invaded, mainly due to the unique terrain here. To sum up, most of Hebei was already under the rule of the Di nationality. As the overlord, he can only exercise power within the jurisdiction of the Zhou royal family, so he can't establish Zhongmou City in Hebei. There is another deep-seated reason why Qi Huangong did not actively respond to the invasion of the Di nationality. Hebei is not within its sphere of influence and has not touched his interests. According to Zuo Zhuan, Guan Zhong said to me: Yesterday, Duke Kang was summoned to order the first master to say,' Five princes and nine uncles, and the female recruited them to help the week room.' Give me the first royal shoe: east to the sea, west to the river, south to Muling and north to Wudi. This is how Zhongmu City appeared. It is not difficult to see that the theory of Zhongmou City in Hebei lacks the most fundamental historical basis, and the ownership of Zhongmou City has been basically clear: it can only be in zhongmou county!