How to understand sophistry and ancient Greek philosophy systematically?

My teacher once said that a person who doesn't eat will starve to death in three days!

I immediately retorted: no, teacher, you are wrong. I haven't eaten for three days. Do you think I am hungry?

The teacher was surprised: how can you not eat for three days? Do you swear?

I responded: of course I swear, I swear to God that I haven't eaten for three days. If I talk big and thunder-

Finally, I responded to the teacher: I really didn't eat because I ate noodles for three days. I come from the north.

This is the most typical sophistry.

Let me give you another example: in ancient times, three students went to the top of the exam and asked a fortune teller, "Which of us three brothers will be the top student in high school?"

The fortune teller pointed up a finger and said nothing. This secret can't be revealed.

As a result, high flyers, one of the three brothers, immediately gave a banquet and invited the fortune teller's family to have a meal.

The fortune teller's wife knew her husband's standards and asked, Why on earth are you so accurate in predicting that one of them will be the top student in high school?

The fortune teller explained:

1. First, I put up a finger. If one of them wins the bid, he will naturally think that I hit a high school Commissioner.

2. If there are two winners, one of my fingers will be interpreted as a loser;

3. If all three fail to win the first prize, it will be interpreted as a failure;

If all three are winners, it is interpreted as three "together" winners.

Ha ha, enough sophistry!