Famous stories with backbone in ancient and modern times, at home and abroad.

1, Tao Yuanming: Don't bend your back for five buckets of rice.

In order to survive, Tao Yuanming first became a small official in the state, but because he didn't like the bad style of officialdom, he quickly resigned and went home. Later, in order to make a living, he also worked in some low-ranking official positions one after another and lived an anonymous life.

Tao Yuanming was an official for the last time in the first year of Yixi (405). That year, Tao Yuanming, who had passed the "year of no doubt" (4 1 year old), was persuaded by his friends to serve as Pengze county magistrate again. On one occasion, the county sent Du You to understand the situation.

Someone told Tao Yuanming that those people were sent from above, so they should dress neatly and greet them respectfully. Hearing this, Tao Yuanming sighed: "I don't want to be humble enough to pay attention to these guys for the five salaries of a small county magistrate."

Say that finish, just quit his official position and went home. Tao Yuanming became Pengze county magistrate, but it was only more than eighty days. He left his job this time and left the officialdom forever.

Boyi and Shu Qi don't eat Zhou Su.

Boyi and Shu Qi were sons of the late Shang Dynasty. Motel's family. The political center of Solitary Bamboo is in the west of lulong county (including Qian 'an City and Luanxian County). Ancient Zhu Jun made his third son, Shu Qi, his heir. After Gu's death, Shu Qi ran away from home and wanted to give way to his younger brother Boyi.

Boyi didn't want to be a monarch, so he ran away. Later, they met on the road. Wen Xin Xibo Hou Jichang () was very good at taking care of young people, won the hearts of the people and took refuge in Zhou. King Wen died and succeeded to the throne, but they thought it was heartless for the princes to attack you, so they tried their best to protest. King Wu refused to listen and decided to destroy the enterprise. Boyi and Shu Qi scoffed at the behavior and vowed not to be Zhou's subjects, not to eat Zhou's food, to live in seclusion in shouyangshan and collect wild fruits for a living.

3. Wen Tianxiang: Keep Dan Xin as a historical record.

At the critical juncture of national peril, Wen Tianxiang always takes the national interest as the highest interest, and never shows mercy to capitulators and traitors. 1259, when the Yuan army crossed the river and surrounded Ezhou, Dong Ji, the emperor's favorite, moved the capital to Song Emperor, and Wen Tianxiang bravely went to the desert and begged Dong.

1275, the court posthumously awarded Lv Wende, the general of the Yuan Army, as the king of the county, and promoted his nephew Lv Shimeng as a post-minister. The atmosphere of surrender pervaded the capital for a period of time, and Wen Tianxiang wrote to beg Lu Shimeng to stabilize the morale.

After Wen Tianxiang was captured, Liu gang of thieves had to bite the bullet and surrender, while Wen was reviled. Even when Song Gongdi, who had defected to the enemy, came to surrender, he was ignored. Wen Tianxiang clearly put forward that "the country is important, and the monarch is light". He is not loyal to the emperor, but only unconditionally loyal to the country and the nation.

1283 65438+1On October 9th, Wen Tianxiang died heroically at the gate of Dadu bus. After his death, he left a lot of poems, such as "Who hasn't died since ancient times, keep the heart in the history" in Zero Crossing and Ding Yang.

Song Zhengqi, written in prison, and Dai Yi Zhao, found in his clothes after his death (Confucius said "to be benevolent" and Mencius said "to be essential", but the righteousness is exhausted, so what did you learn from reading the books of sages? From time to time, it has become a swan song that illuminates the sun, the moon and the mountains, and has become a valuable part of the national spiritual wealth. Therefore, Wen Tianxiang became an immortal national hero.

4. Cai Yuanpei: Don't be an illiberal university president.

Cai Yuanpei resigned countless times in his life, including many times when he was president of Peking University. He1917 65438+10 took office at Peking University on 4 October, and submitted his resignation to President Li on 3 July to protest the restoration.

1965438+On May 22, 2008, he submitted his resignation to the President to protest against the Sino-Japanese Military Agreement to help defend the enemy. 19 19 After the May 4th Movement broke out, he submitted his resignation on May 8th to protest against the arrest of students, and quietly left Beijing on the 9th. This resignation triggered the action of teacher and student La Caida, and the president of Beijing University resigned on May 13.

1923 65438+ 10/7, Cai Yuanpei resigned again in a rage. The next day, he issued a statement in the Morning Post, saying that Yuan Pei could not resume relations with the education authorities who advocated interfering with judicial independence and human rights to safeguard its personality. He has written to the president to resign as the president of the National Peking University, and will no longer serve in the school from now on.

Cai Yuanpei's resignation several times gave birth to two prominent declarations: the declaration of non-cooperation and the declaration of unwillingness to be the president of Peking University, the former for justice and the latter for freedom. 19 19 June 15 declaration of not wanting to be the president of Peking University, beating the floor:

I can no longer be an illiberal university president: freedom of thought is a common practice in universities all over the world. In the era of German imperialism, it was a world-famous autocratic country, and how free its universities were. Not to mention countries such as the United States and France. Peking University, which has been bound by old ideas, is not free.

I went in, and I wanted to open up a little atmosphere. I invited a few people with new ideas to publicize some new theories and publish some new printed materials. Compared with the new ideas in the world, I criticized them with my ideals, but they were still half new.

The new aspect is a little smug and funny. If you know the old one, you will be a "scourge" after reading this semi-new one.

You can't argue in a proper way, sneaking around and trying to interfere. So the Ministry of Education intervened, the State Council intervened, and even the Senate intervened. Is there such an illiberal university in the world? Do you want me to be the president of this university?

5. Ma Yifu: "I am here, but I can't see you!"

Sun considers himself the commander-in-chief of the allied forces in five southeast provinces and is stationed in Hangzhou. On one occasion, he visited Ma Yifu. Ma Yifu refused to meet. In view of Sun's influence, the family felt that there was no need to get too stiff, so they said, "Can you tell him that you are not at home?" Ma Yifu said flatly, "Tell him that people are at home, but no one can see them!" Sun had to leave angrily.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, Ma Yifu founded Fuxing Academy in Chongqing. One year, Kong Xiangxi's mother died, and the funeral was extremely extravagant. Some arty dignitaries also want Ma Yifu to write an epitaph to celebrate. First, they sent an aide to Ma Yifu and said rudely, "Minister Kong's wife died. Please write an epitaph and write it as soon as possible. "

Ma Yifu politely refused: "I am too old to write for a long time. Please reply to Minister Kong and Mary. " People go home with discontent. A few days later, another secretary came. He speaks much more politely. He first praised the moral article, then explained his purpose and said how Minister Kong was filial to his mother. Please always write down the epitaph.

Ma Yifu didn't say anything for a long time, and then someone said, "Minister Kong will never let you write for nothing. He will give you a few ounces of gold." When Ma Yifu heard about the money deal, he quickly got up from his chair and said coldly, "Although I am a cold Confucian, I never bend over for five barrels of rice. Please go back and report to me! " The secretary also returned in vain.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tao Yuanming

Baidu Encyclopedia-Boyi Shu Qi

Baidu Encyclopedia-Wen Tianxiang

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ma Yifu

Baidu encyclopedia-Cai Yuanpei