What kinds of flowers and fruit trees are there?

Magnoliaceae, Magnoliaceae. Deciduous tree, tree height 15m. Native tree species are mesophytes in evergreen and deciduous mixed forests, and their life span can reach more than 1000 years. Winter buds are densely gray-green with long hair, and simple leaves are alternate and obovate. Flowering from March to April, the first leaves are open, erect, bell-shaped and fragrant. Flower diameter 10 ~ 15 cm, 9 perianth, blue and white, sometimes reddish at the base. Aggregate fruit is cylindrical, and usually some carpels are sterile and curved. Many cultivated varieties are sterile and grafting is the main breeding method. It has strong resistance to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine gas and hydrogen fluoride, and has certain absorption capacity. Magnolia grandiflora is a tall tree with white and beautiful flowers, which is an ornamental tree species in precious gardens. In classical gardens, it is often planted in the front yard and backyard of the hall as a shade tree; It can also be planted on the roadside, in the corner of the lawn, in front of and behind the pavilion or outside the window for landscape tree planting. When in full bloom, it is like a snowy sea of clouds, with spectacular momentum. One species: ① Lily, shrubby, with purple flowers. (2) M.soulangeana is a hybrid of Magnolia grandiflora and Magnolia purpurea by French scholars. Small trees or shrubs, trees up to 9 meters high. The leaf shape is between parents. The flowers are big and fragrant, with 6 petals, slightly lavender outside and white inside. Sepals 3, usually petaloid, half or equal in length to petals. In early spring (February-March), the leaves are open in front, which is more cold-resistant and drought-tolerant than their parents. (3) Sichuan kohlrabi, a small evergreen tree or shrub. Native to the southeastern United States. The leaves are oval and tough. There are 6 petals and 3 sepals, all of which are golden yellow, gorgeous and eye-catching, and the flowering period is continuous, which is a good product in Magnolia. After 20 years of research, the new varieties cultivated by Mr. Wang Feigang in Zhejiang Province of China are: Magnolia grandiflora, bright red in color, which blooms three times a year in South China (February-March, May-June, 9-65438+1October), with strong fragrance and can be used as street trees and gardens; Magnolia grandiflora is a good potted plant with purple flowers, rich fragrance and strong plants. Fly to Huang Yulan, golden yellow, open in early spring, beautiful; Magnolia grandiflora variety ruby, if the flower is in the shape of an ingot, blooms in summer with few flowers; Yulan Jingning, chrysanthemum type, petals 17 ~ 35.

2.Davidia involucrata

Also known as China G subtree. Davidia involucrata (Orchidaceae), Erythrina. There are only 1 species of this genus, which is a special product of China and a relic of the Quaternary Ice Age. Deciduous trees, trees up to 20 meters high. Bark is dark gray or grayish brown with irregular flakes falling off. The bud is conical, the bud scale is oval and covered with tiles. The leaves are broadly ovate or nearly heart-shaped, and the back of the leaves is covered with yellow or pale white thick silk. Bracts of globose inflorescences are papery, elliptic and ovate, and pinnate reticulate veins are obvious; It was light yellow at first, then milky white and drooping. Fruit oblong or ovoid, densely covered with rust-colored lenticels. The flowering period is April, and the fruiting period is 65438+ 10. Cultivated in western Hubei, south-central Sichuan, eastern Guizhou, northern Yunnan, Nanjing, Hangzhou and other places. Like cool and humid climate and thick soil, the soil should be neutral or slightly acidic, and it is not suitable for direct sunlight, dryness and windy. Davidia involucrata is a famous ornamental tree species, which is conical and has a strange and beautiful inflorescence, like a dove spreading its wings. Suitable for planting in forests or shady places.

3. Luan trees in Huangshan Mountain

Sapindaceae, Luan tree, Luan tree variety. Deciduous trees The height of the tree is15m, the crown of the tree is nearly round, the bark is grayish brown, it is finely longitudinally split, and the lenticels of the branchlets are obvious. Bipinnate compound leaves, 7 ~ 15 leaflets, oval or elliptic, entire. Flowers are small golden yellow with terminal panicles, 25 ~ 40 cm. Capsule triangular-ovate, orange or reddish brown when mature. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruit ripens in 9-65438+1October. It is distributed in the northeast from north to southeast, south to the Yangtze River basin, west to central Sichuan and southeast Gansu. It is more common in the provinces of the Yangtze River basin and is mostly born in miscellaneous forests. Hi-light, slightly shade-tolerant, cold-resistant. Suitable for calcareous soil, slightly resistant to moisture. Strong germination, fast growth and strong smoke resistance. The Luan tree in Huangshan has a correct posture and dense branches and leaves. Its tender leaves are red in spring, yellow in summer and red in autumn. It is an excellent landscape tree species and can also be planted as a street tree or a shade tree.

4.plum blossom

Rosaceae, Prunus. Small deciduous tree, with a height of 4 ~ 10 m and a brownish purple trunk with longitudinal stripes. Branchlets are thin and hairless, mostly green. Ye Guang ovoid to ovoid, apex tapering or tail tip. 1 ~ 2 flowers, short peduncle, pale pink or white, fragrant. Open in front of leaves in winter or early spring. Like warm, micro-humid climate, should grow in sunny, well-ventilated places. Wild in the mountainous areas of southwest China, it was at the altitude of 1300 ~ 2500m in Wenchuan, Sichuan, 1900 ~ 2000m in Danba, 1900m in Huili, 300 ~ 1000m in Yichang, Hubei and 2/kloc in Xing 'an, Guangxi. At present, it is cultivated all over the country, but only in the south of the Yellow River can it safely overwinter in the open field. In recent years, through introduction and domestication, it moved northward to Beijing for open cultivation, and achieved initial results. The requirements for soil are not strict, and it can grow normally in mountainous areas, alluvial plains or slightly acidic soil, and it is also quite resistant to poor soil, but it grows vigorously and luxuriantly on mineral loam with thick, loose and slightly sticky topsoil. Fear of waterlogging requires good drainage. If planted in lowlands with too sticky soil and poor drainage, it is most likely to rot and die. It's sunny, so don't plant it in the air. Plum trees have a long life span, which can reach hundreds to thousands of years. For example, a plum tree in the National Assembly Temple in Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang Province has enjoyed the age of 1300 years. The classification of ebony is complicated and there are many varieties. The main varieties are: ① typical varieties, straight or oblique branches, iris, purple calyx. There are many types such as single petal, compound petal and double petal, and there are many colors such as white, red, purple, red and white stripes. (2) Apricot plum (var.bungo), with branches and leaves like apricots, apricot-shaped compound petals, pink or rose. The flowering period is late, the receptacle is enlarged and the fragrance is less. Strong cold resistance, when plum and apricot or apricot naturally cross. (3) According to Shui Mei, the branches droop, forming a unique umbrella-shaped tree posture. When the flowers bloom, they open downwards, which is very interesting. The change of pattern and color is basically the same as above. (4) Selaginella, the branches are naturally twisted like dragons. Butterfly, white, double. Only 1 variety was recorded. ⑤ Cherry plum, only 1 type, that is, Meirenmei. It is a distant hybrid of purple leaf plum and plum blossom. Alfada, 1895 was bred by the French. The color is light purple to light purple-red, with nearly 20 double petals, butterfly-shaped, layered and fluctuating. 1987 was imported from California, USA. The flowers are pink, the pedicels are long and filiform, and the first leaf or the same leaf opens in early March. Leaves are as beautiful as red berries. Strong cold resistance, can withstand the extreme low temperature of -30℃, and can overwinter in Beijing, Taiyuan, Lanzhou, Xiong Yue and other places. Strong drought resistance, pest resistance and wide cultivation adaptability can be planted in most areas of China. Plum blossom is one of the traditional famous flowers in China. It is simple and vigorous, with lush foliage, fragrant flowers and endless charm. It has been favored since ancient times. It is most suitable for planting in front of the court and beside the house. Both solitary planting and cluster planting are beautiful, especially the cluster planting of "Mei Wai Wu". The landscape of "Three Friends in Cold Years" should take plum blossoms as the foreground, pine trees as the background and bamboo as the guest scenery, which can complement each other. Plum blossom buds are easy to differentiate, suitable for piling up landscapes, and are also good materials for potted plants and bottle insertion.

sakura

Rosaceae, Prunus. Deciduous trees, height 10 ~ 25m. Bark is dark brown and smooth; Branchlets glabrous. Leaves ovate, pale on the back; The young leaves are light green and brown. Flowers are white or pale pink, with 3 ~ 5 flowers in short racemes and no fragrance. Calyx tube bell-shaped, flowering in April, with leaves. Hi-light, drought-tolerant, adaptable. Shallow roots, avoid water accumulation, like deep, fertile and well-drained soil, and have weak resistance to smoke, harmful gases and tidal winds. There is a certain cold tolerance, but the cultivated varieties still need to be planted in the good microclimate in the north. Grafting propagation is the main method, with peach, plum or cherry as rootstock. It is mainly produced in the Yangtze River valley in China, but it is distributed in Northeast China, North China, Korea, Japan and other places, with many varieties and varieties. Cherry trees are free and easy to develop. When they are in full bloom, they are full of flowers, clouds or pink, which is one of the first choices for landscape trees. Cherry blossoms are warm and colorful when they are in full bloom. Because of its short life and heroism, it is deeply loved by the Japanese people. They are widely planted and become the representative ornamental trees in Japan, and are regarded as the national flowers. When Premier Zhou Enlai was studying in Japan, he was deeply impressed: "There is a cluster of cherry blossoms in the green, which is reddish and delicate and fascinating." The common varieties are as follows: ① Eupatorium fortunei, with double petals of white flowers, is a traditional cultivated variety. ② Double red cherry blossoms, pink flowers, double. ③ f.albo-rosea, double flower, pale red bud, white after opening, with 2 carpels. (4) The magnificent cherry blossom (f.superba) has large flowers, reddish flowers, double petals and long stems. ⑤ Bell flower, with drooping branches, pink flowers, more than 50 petals, and sometimes 10 calyx.

The same species are: ① Tokyo cherry blossom (P.yedoensis), with hairy branchlets when young. Dorsal veins and petioles of leaves are pilose. Flowers range from white to light pink, usually single and slightly fragrant. Calyx tube tubular, hairy. Flowers bloom in April, before or with leaves. Native to Japan, it is widely cultivated in China, especially in cities in North China and the Yangtze River valley. Like light and cold, Beijing can spend the winter outdoors. Trees are full of flowers in spring, which is very beautiful. However, the flowering period is very short, which can only last about 1 week, that is, it will soon be exhausted. Suitable for planting on hillsides, courtyards, in front of buildings and beside gardens. There are also varieties of this species, such as shallow calyx, pink calyx and double petals. (2) Japanese late cherry (var.lannesiana) has light gray dry skin and rough shoots. Leaves are often obovate, green on the back, hairless, and young leaves are often reddish brown. Flowers are large and drooping, double, pink to nearly white, or yellow-green, fragrant. Calyx campanulate, glabrous. The flowering period is late (from mid-late April to early May), lasting for a long time and charming. Originally from Japan, it has a long cultivation history and a wide variety. Landscape trees or street trees are widely planted in northern China and the Yangtze River valley.

6.peaches

Rosaceae, Prunus. Small deciduous tree, 8 meters high. Branchlets reddish brown or brownish green, glabrous; The buds are densely covered with gray hairs. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, smooth and glabrous. Flowers solitary, pink, subsessile The flowering period is from March to April, and the leaves open before flowering. Wild peaches originated in China and are still distributed in North China, Central China and Southwest China. I like light, drought and high temperature in summer. Like fertile and well-drained soil, it is not resistant to water and humidity. If you soak in water for 3 ~ 5 days, you will die of falling leaves. Alkaline soil and cohesive soil are not suitable. It has strong cold tolerance and can be cultivated except in extremely cold areas, but it is still suitable for leeward and sunny places. I am afraid of late frost and strong wind in flowering period. The root system is shallow and its life span is generally only 30 ~ 50 years. Peach blossoms are gorgeous, charming and lovely. When they are in full bloom, "peach blossoms fly away and burn their brilliance." In addition, there are many varieties, dense flowers and simple cultivation, so the gardens in the north and south are widely used, suitable for waterside, stone edge, wall, courtyard, mountain and lawn, but we must pay attention to the sunny place and the color contrast with the background. In China gardens, it is customary to plant waterfront plants between peaches and willows, forming a "peach red and willow green" landscape. When planting, pay attention to planting peaches in a dry place to avoid too much shade from willow trees. Therefore, it is best to appropriately increase the spacing between trees or let peaches grow out of water. Peach trees have a long history of cultivation, with more than 3,000 varieties. Among them, the flowering peach is commonly known as "Bi Tao", and the common varieties are: ① Bi Tao, with reddish flowers and double petals. ② White-flowered anchovies, with white flowers and double or double petals. (3) safflower, red flowers, double. (4) Diangui, with reddish flowers and double petals. (5) the water lily has double or nearly double flowers, white or pink, two colors on the same plant, two colors on the same flower, and even two colors on the same petal. ⑥ Hanging bell flowers with drooping branches. ⑦ Crimson peach blossoms, crimson flowers, double petals. 8 Peach blossoms, bright red flowers, double petals. Pet-name ruby purple peach, purple leaves; Flowers solitary or double, light red. Attending the peach (f.densa) is short and dense, with short internodes; Flowers have multiple petals, including red peach and white peach.

7.crape myrtle

Also known as bark tree. Lagerstroemia of Lysimachiaceae. Deciduous shrub or small tree, its height can reach 7 meters. The crown is irregular and the branches are twisted. The bark is light brown, peeling off one by one, and the trunk is particularly smooth. Branchlets quadrangular, glabrous. Leaves opposite or subopposite, elliptic to obovate, with short stalks. Bright red flowers, 6 petals, flowering from June to September. Produced in southern Asia and northern Australia, distributed in East China, Central China, South China and Southwest China, and widely cultivated in most areas. Like light, slightly resistant to shade; Like warm climate, cold tolerance is not strong; I like fertile, moist and well-drained calcareous soil, which is drought-resistant and waterlogging-resistant. Strong germination and long life. Lagerstroemia speciosa is graceful, its bark is smooth and clean, and it blooms in summer and autumn with few flowers. The flowering period is long and colorful, and it is known as "green in midsummer, and this flower is full of red eyes". It is most suitable for planting in courtyards, pavilions and hillsides, with 30-50% overgrown and excellent landscape. It can also be used to plant street trees, which is interesting and unique. In addition, Lagerstroemia indica is also a good material for making bonsai. Varieties are: ① Ginkgo tree with white or purplish flowers and light green leaves. ② Red flowers, violet flowers and dark green leaves.

8.lilacs

Oleaceae, Syringa. Deciduous shrubs or small trees, trees up to 5 meters high. Bark is dark gray or grayish brown with cracks. The branches are thick, hairless and gray. Simple leaves alternate, thin leathery or thick papery, oval to kidney-shaped, dark green. The panicle is long, the corolla is funnel-shaped, deep purple, "small as a ding, fragrant and soft" (Gao Lian, 159 1), and the calyx is bell-shaped. The flowering period is from April to May. Cultivated varieties are: ① White clove (var.alba), with small leaves, slightly pubescent back, white flowers and strong fragrance. ② Lilac, with narrow leaves and short hairs on the back and edges. The inflorescence is large, and the petals, calyx and floral axis are all purple. ③ bergamot clove with double white flowers.

Clove tree species have strong adaptability and are naturally distributed in China from north to south 15 provinces, but Sichuan, Tibet and Qinling Mountains are the most abundant. Like light, slightly tolerant of shade, like moist, fertile and well-drained soil, avoid planting in places with low humidity, and have strong cold resistance and drought tolerance. Dense foliage and delicious flowers are one of the most commonly used landscape trees in gardens. The commonly used species in the same genus are: ① Tephrosia vogelii, shrubs and trees up to 4 meters high. Panicle, drooping into a narrow tube, sometimes upside down like a vine, with red flowers outside and white flowers inside. It is the most beautiful clove in the mountains of Hubei Province. Sex likes humid air. (2) Shrubs, shrubs and trees are as high as 3m. Inflorescence terminal, dense, pilose, with 2 pairs of leaflets at base. Flowers are purplish red or white, fragrant, and bloom in May. Originated in Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Gansu, there are abundant gravel fields along the river and hillside. ③ Caragana microphylla, shrub. Young branches are hairy. Leaflets, hairy on both sides and edges, only hairy on veins when old. Flowers lavender, calyx hairy or nearly smooth. Flowers bloom in June. Originated in north-central China, mostly in Shipo. (4) S.meyeri, a small shrub, with dense branches and leaves. When young, the branchlets were slightly quadrangular and pilose. The flowering period is May, and it can bloom twice a year. Produced in Henan and Hebei. This species is short and brightly colored, suitable for potted viewing. ⑤ S.vulgaris, also known as Syringa oblata, is an upright shrub or small tree, 7 meters high. Flowers are fragrant, including pure white, light blue and violet, single or double. The flowering period is from April to May. ⑥ Persian lilac (S.persica), shrubs and trees are 2 meters high. Branches erect or arched, glabrous. The leaves are oval, usually 2-4 pinnately compound. Panicle scattered, corolla lavender, slender tube. Flowers bloom in May. Stripe fission species, 3 ~ 9 leaves deeply divided. Gansu, western Sichuan and Tibet are producing areas in China, and Iran and Afghanistan are all distributed. ⑦ Fraxinus mandshurica, big shrub or small tree, 8 meters high. Panicle, white corolla, short tube, slightly longer than calyx; Filaments slender, twice as long as corolla lobes. Flowers bloom in June. Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Gansu all have production. North Korea, Japan and Russia are also distributed. Like light, like wet soil, often born in ditches and valleys. The flowering period of this species is late, which can prolong the flowering period of lilac garden. Flowers can extract aromatic oil and are also nectar plants.

9.osmanthus fragrans

Oleaceae, Oleaceae. Evergreen shrubs to small trees, the height of the tree is 12 m, the leaves are opposite, leathery and oval, the young trees or budding branches and leaves are sparse and serrated, and the large leaves are entire. Inflorescence cymose, clustered in leaf axils, with small flowers, yellow and white, and strong fragrance; Pedicel slender, corolla split to base, lobes oblong and round; Flowering: September ~ 65438+ 10. Originated in southwest China, it is now widely cultivated in various provinces and regions of the Yangtze River basin, especially in Guilin, Guangxi and many rows of potted plants in North China. Although this flower is not very beautiful, it monopolized Sanqiu and flooded the public. It is deeply loved by the general public and appreciated by literati. It is one of the top ten traditional famous flowers in China. Like light and warm and ventilated environment, it is a cold-resistant evergreen broad-leaved tree species. I like wet sand with good drainage, and I like fertilizer. It is resistant to chlorine and sulfur dioxide, and also has the ability to absorb mercury vapor and dust. Osmanthus fragrans blooms in autumn with sweet fragrance, which is very effective as a landscape tree. It can also be planted as shade trees and street trees, and it is an excellent garden tree with both greening, beautification and fragrance. Cultivated varieties are: ① Jingui with orange to deep yellow flowers. ② Sargassum thunbergii, with lemon yellow to golden yellow flowers. (3) Pale, white, milky white or light yellow. (4) var.semper florens, with white or yellow flowers and long flowering period, can bloom several times in succession from May to September.

10.camellia

Camelliaceae, Camellia. Small evergreen trees or shrubs, with trees as high as10 ~15m. The leaf blade is oval or oval, and the surface has obvious luster. Flowers are mostly big red, sessile, single or double. Petals 5 ~ 7, nearly round, slightly concave at the top; Calyx densely short-haired, with membranous margin. The flowering period is from February to April. There are more than 3000 excellent varieties, varieties and horticultural varieties. Produced in China and Japan, widely cultivated in eastern and central China. Like semi-shading, it is best to shade from the side. I like warm and humid climate and have certain cold resistance. The winter camellia in Hangzhou is still in full bloom at-10℃, and the Zhejiang safflower camellia in Lushan, Jiangxi Province is not frozen at-16.8℃, and it blooms normally the next spring. I like fertile, moist and well-drained neutral and slightly acidic soil (pH 5 ~ 7), but I can't stand alkaline soil. It is a kind of camellia with strong resistance and adaptability, and also has certain resistance to tidal wind. Camellia sinensis is green and shiny, with evergreen seasons, various varieties, large flowers, bright colors and long flowering period (early flowering 165438+ 10 month, late flowering in March, and some flowers can bloom for 5-6 months). The flowering period is just in the late winter and early spring, and it is a good tree species to enrich the garden landscape. Cultivated varieties are: ① Ginkgo biloba. ② White-flowered double-petalled anchovies. (3) camellia var.ancmoniflora, with red flowers and peony-like patterns, has five large petals, and some stamens become narrow petals. ④ Lily leaves with purple flowers and narrow lanceolate leaves. ⑤ Rose (Magnolia variety), with rosy flowers, nearly double petals. 6. Double petals, white with red stripes, double petals; Dense branches and round leaves. ⑦ Trilobed leaves, red flowers, single or semi-double; The tip of the blade is 3-split like a fish's tail, often striped, and it is an ornamental treasure.

There are 24 species and 5 varieties, among which yellow-haired coral and yellow-haired coral are produced in northern Vietnam; Sokcho is produced in the estuary of Yunnan, China, and the rest are distributed in the southern subtropical edge and the northern tropical edge of southern and southwestern Guangxi, with an altitude of 50-650m, of which120-350m is more common. Evergreen shrubs or small trees like shade and fear direct light. Like warm and humid climate, the suitable growth temperature is 18 ~ 23℃, and it can withstand short-term low temperature of 0℃ in winter. Some cold-tolerant varieties, such as apples, can tolerate the low temperature of-10℃. Camellia japonica and its varieties Fangcheng Camellia japonica and Small Fruit Camellia japonica are more resistant to water and humidity, while Camellia japonica and Camellia japonica are more resistant to drought. Soil adaptability can be divided into two categories: one is the soil developed in limestone mountainous areas, and the reaction ranges from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline (pH 6.5 ~ 7.5); The other is red-yellow loam developed from sand shale and granite, which is acidic (pH 4.5 ~ 5.5). Camellia is a rare tree species in the world, which has high ornamental and medicinal value and is worth introducing and popularizing. Grafting propagation with Camellia oleifera as rootstock can sprout and blossom in 2 ~ 4 years, which can obviously enhance the cold and drought resistance of scions, increase branches, improve crown shape and improve ornamental performance.

1 1. wintersweet

Chimonanthaceae, Chimonanthus. Also known as wintersweet. Deciduous shrub, semi-evergreen on warm ground. This tree is 3 meters high and its branches are almost square. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, rough surface, smooth and hairless back, semi-leathery. Flowers are solitary, the outer perianth is waxy yellow, the middle one has purple stripes, and the fragrance is strong, and it blooms far in front of the leaves (early winter to early spring). Originated in Hubei, Shaanxi and other provinces in central and western China, it is hardy and widely cultivated in gardens south of the Great Wall. Like light, a little tolerant of shade. Drought tolerance, wet water, poor growth in cohesive soil and saline-alkali soil. Pruning resistance, strong branching, service life 100 years or more. Chimonanthus praecox blooms in the cold month and early spring, with yellow flowers like wax and rich fragrance. It is a good flower viewing product in winter and is deeply loved by the masses. Chimonanthus praecox, with its unique charm, strange charm and auspicious symbol, is favored by all times and at home and abroad. It has become an indispensable winter landscape ornamental tree species in landscaping. It can be planted individually to form a small landscape, or planted in groups to form a large landscape such as Meishan, Meihai and Meiyuan. Can also be cultivated into a wonderful bonsai, branches and flowers, elegant and lofty, fascinating. Chimonanthus praecox is one of the preferred tree species for soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand fixation. Chimonanthus praecox is also an excellent material for pruning during the Spring Festival, and it is very popular in the Hong Kong market. The price of wintersweet oil is equivalent to that of gold, and the natural essence extracted from wintersweet is five times the price of gold. Grafting is the main method of improved varieties breeding of Chimonanthus praecox. Seedling or rhizome seedling, called "Jiuyingmei" or "Cornus officinalis", has strong wild characters and low ornamental value, so more attention should be paid to its selection and application. China Chimonanthus praecox is written by Zhao Tianbang of Henan University: Chimonanthus praecox has four varieties, 12 and 165. There are yellow lines such as pure yellow, golden yellow, light yellow, dark yellow and purple yellow, white lines such as silvery white, pale white, snow white and yellow white, and stamens are also red, purple and white. It also has its own characteristics in flowering period, flower shape, floral fragrance and growth habits. Common varieties are: ① Chimonanthus grandiflora with large leaves, up to 20 cm long; Flowers are also large, with a diameter of 3 ~ 3.5 cm; The outer tepals are yellowish, and the inner tepals have thick reddish-purple edges and stripes. ② Monochrome variety with pure yellow perianth and no purple stripes inside. (3) var.parviflorus, a small flower with a diameter of about 0.9 cm, has a yellow-white outer perianth and thick purple stripes inside. The representative variety of "Yanling Chimonanthus praecox is the best in the world" in Henan Province is "Suxin Chimonanthus praecox", whose flower core is white and fragrant.

Homologous species: C.nitens, evergreen shrub, leathery leaves, elliptic-lanceolate, narrow, slender, tapered at the top or pointed at the tail, wedge-shaped at the base, bright on the top, white powder on the bottom, grayish green and hairless. Flowers are solitary in leaf axils and have 20 ~ 24 perianth segments. Light yellow. Produced in Yichang, Hubei and Guangxi, cultivated in Hangzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing and Yangzhou. Garden landscape should be planted at the entrance or roadside of the garden, and can also be used as a background tree for rockeries and flowers.

12. Viburnum hydrangea

Also known as Mu Xiuqiu. Caprifoliaceae, Podophyllum. Deciduous or semi-evergreen shrubs, trees up to 4 meters high. Buds, young branches, petioles and inflorescences are covered with gray or yellow-white stellate hairs, with oval or ovoid leaves and stellate hairs on the back. Inflorescence diameter is about 10 cm, all of which are sterile flowers; Corolla radial, white, petals obovate. The flowering period is from April to May. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Hebei are all cultivated. Like light, slightly tolerant of shade, good born in wet and fertile land. Hydrangea spherical cap, wide branches; Flower balls are like snow, and spring colors are like winter colors, which are the best in spring flowers. It should be planted alone in the open area facing the sun, with branches spreading around to show the beauty of the tree. Cultivated variety: Taxodium distichum, also known as Jubaxian. Flowers bloom in April. There are sterile flowers around the inflorescence and fertile flowers in the center. The fruiting period is from September to 65438+ 10, and the fruit is oval and red. Produced in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and other places, it is a famous ornamental tree species with both shape, flower and fruit, which is legendary in history and plays an outstanding role in garden landscape.

13. Weighing tree

Wild jasmine, HYMENOPTERA. Deciduous trees, trees up to 6 meters high; The leaves are oval and the petioles are short. Cymes axillary, 3 ~ 5 flowers, shaped like racemes; Flowers are white, pedicels are very long, and the top has joints. The fruit is ovoid, gray-brown, covered with stellate hairs, with a blunt or pointed conical beak, similar to scales. The flowering period is from April to early May, and the fruit ripens in late August. Originally from China, it was cultivated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Shandong and other places. Sexual love of light, drought tolerance, avoid flooding. In early summer, the white flowers of the weighing tree are brilliant and quite beautiful; After defoliation, the fruit remains, which is very interesting. It is an excellent landscape tree worth popularizing.

14. Ilex cornuta

Also known as birds don't leave their names. Holly, holly. Evergreen shrubs or small trees, 3-4 meters high. Bark is gray, smooth and not cracked; The branches spread out, dense. The leaves are leathery and rectangular, with three big, sharp and hard teeth at the top and 1 ~ 2 identical big teeth on both sides of the base. The surface is dark green and shiny, and the back is light green. Flowering from April to May, the flowers are yellow-green, clustered in the axils of biennial branches. The fruiting period is September ~165438+1October, and the drupe is spherical and bright red. Distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It likes sunny, warm climate and poor cold tolerance. I like acidic and fertile soil with good drainage and slow growth. Strong germination ability, pruning resistance and easy modeling. Strong resistance to toxic gases. Ilex cornuta has dense branches and leaves, peculiar leaf shape, rich red fruits in autumn, bright and beautiful, and is a good tree species for viewing leaves and fruits. You can also trim it and use it as a garden fence. It's interesting.

15. pyracantha

Pyracantha fortunei, Rosaceae. Evergreen shrub, the tree is about 3 meters high. Branches are arched and drooping, with rust-colored pubescence when they are young, and short side branches often have thorns. The leaves are obovate to obovate-oblong, the base is wedge-shaped, the edge is round and serrated, the whole edge is near the base, and both sides are hairless. The flowers are white, with compound corymbose inflorescences, and the fruits are nearly spherical and red. The flowering period is May, and the fruit ripening period is from September to 65438+ 10. Produced in Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces. Born in mountain shrubs or ditches at an altitude of 500 ~ 2800 meters. Light-loving, not cold-resistant, requiring good soil drainage. Pyracantha fortuneana has lush leaves and dense white flowers in early summer. In autumn, the fruit is as red as fire, and the branches stay long, beautiful and lovely. In gardens, hedges and foundation planting materials are often used, and they can also be planted in clumps or isolated shapes at the edge of grass or the corner of garden road. Fruit branches are also good materials for inserting bottles.

16. oleander

Apocynaceae, Apocynum. Evergreen shrubs, trees as high as 5 ~ 6 meters. The stems are gray and the buds are green. Tri-impeller is raw, leathery, linear-lanceolate, with prominent midvein and dense and uniform peripheral veins. Thymus terminal, corolla pink to deep red, fragrant, single or double; Corona scales, end tearing. Flowering: June ~ 65438+ 10. Love light, strong resistance to smoke and toxic gases, and strong adaptability to soil. Cultivar: cv. Flower arrangement and white flowers, native to India and Iran, have been widely introduced into tropical and subtropical regions of China and can be cultivated in the open field in the south of the Yangtze River. Strong sex, like warm and humid climate, not afraid of cold. Potted plants are often used in northern China. Nerium indicum is a rare landscape tree species in streets, green belts and industrial and mining areas, with lush flowers, dense green branches and leaves, extensive management and strong germination.

Bamboo, "the sunrise has a clear shadow, the moon has a clear shadow, the wind has a clear sound, the rain has a clear rhyme, the dew has a clear light, and the snow has a clear interest." It has always been favored by Chinese people since ancient times. He is open-minded, indifferent and quiet, vigorous and upright, honest and clean, and is highly respected by the world. With Song and Mei, they are also called "three-year-old cold friends", and with Mei, Lan and Ju, they are also called "four gentlemen in flowers". Su Shi "would rather eat without meat than live without bamboo." No meat makes people thin, no bamboo makes people vulgar. People are thin and fat, but most people are incurable. "Our love has spread to this day, and it is unique in the selection and application of garden tree species, and the landscape effect is fresh and outstanding.

Bamboo is a perennial woody monocotyledonous plant of Gramineae and Bambusoideae. Evergreen trees, shrubs and vines. Its shape is very special. The whole plant is divided into roots, underground stems (bamboo shoots), buds (bamboo shoots), stems, baskets, branches, leaves, flowers and fruits. There are buds on the nodes of underground stems, which grow into bamboo shoots, and the unearthed stems are stripped into aboveground stems, which are stems. The stem is highly lignified, with solid and obvious nodes, and there are diaphragms and hollow nodes in the stem. Nodes, with reeds above and stems below, are called nodes between two rings, where buds germinate, and the number of branches varies from species to species. The leaves on the main culm are usually called culm sheaths, and the branchlets have a common leaf at each node, staggered in a row.