Brief introduction of howard hughes

Howard Hughes (190565438+February 24th-1April 5th, 976), born in Houston, Texas, USA, is an American entrepreneur, pilot, film producer, director and actor.

1923 became an orphan, dropped out of school and took over his father's business. 1924, as the chairman of Hughes tools company. 1926 entered Hollywood, became the chairman and director of the film company, and bought the right to operate 125 cinemas. 1927 invested in the comedy film "Two Arabian Knights". 1930 invested in the production of the war film Hellscream. Hughes Aircraft Company was founded in 1932. 1935 flew a self-designed plane, setting a world flight record of 567 kilometers per hour. 1937 flew over the United States in seven and a half hours. 1938 set a global flight record of 9 1 hour. After that, it took five years to build a plane designed to carry 750 passengers and fly a mile. 1939, Hughes joined TWA. 1948 bought the control of the whole radio and television China Film Company. At 45, he lived in seclusion. As a 78% shareholder of Universal Pictures, he lost his controlling interest because he refused to appear in court. In the 1950 s, he established the Howard Hughes medical research institute. 1967 sold the company's stock for 500 million dollars.

1on April 5th, 976, howard hughes died in his private jet at the age of 7 1.

Chinese name: howard hughes.

Howard hughes.

Alias: Howard Lumbard Hughes, Jr

Nationality: USA

Constellation: Capricorn

Height: 193cm

Place of birth: Houston, Texas, USA

Date of birth:190565438+February 24th.

Date of death:1April 5, 976

Occupation: businessman, pilot, director, actor

Graduate school: Rice University, California Institute of Technology.

Brokerage company: howard hughes.

Representative works: Angel of Hell, Secret War Plan.

Major achievements: Made the largest airplane in the world.

1938 set a new global flight record.

Title: Producer

Character experience

Early experience

From 65438 to 0905, George W. howard hughes was born in the United States. When he was a child, he was withdrawn, shy and hated going to school.

At the age of 1 1, Hughes organized his own radio station and made the first one in Houston. /kloc-at the age of 0/2, he invented the moped. 13 years old, can assemble a motorcycle; /kloc-started to learn to fly at the age of 0/4 and has flying experience. 18 years old, Hughes' parents died, and he inherited his father's Hughes tool company and legacy. 19 years old, Hughes became a wealthy businessman in the United States at that time.

Performance experience

From 65438 to 0924, howard hughes became interested in movies, so he moved to Los Angeles, California. I bought the right to operate the 125 cinema and started my career as a producer and director.

1926, howard hughes invested in the first film Playboy Hogan, which was directed and starred by actor Ralph Graepp. It didn't go well during the filming, and a lot of film was spent. After the film was finished, Hughes showed his works to the famous screenwriter Rupert Hughes (his uncle). After watching it, Rupert told Hughes that if he showed the film, he would be laughed at by the whole Hollywood. When Hughes heard about it, he burned all the films and lost $80,000.

1927 After experiencing the lessons of failure, howard hughes met a talented director Lewis Milestone through a friend's introduction, and he invested in the production of Lewis's Director. They co-produced a comedy film "Two Arabian Knights", which tells the story of stern noncommissioned officers and confused soldiers on the European battlefield in World War I, starring william boyd and mary astor, and won the 1 Academy Award for Best Director.

1928, Hughes cooperated with Oscar director Lewis Milestone again, and invested in the production of the black crime film "Illegal Profit" starring Thomas Megan and Louis Volhejm. The film was nominated for best picture in the 1 Academy Awards.

1929, howard hughes invested nearly $4 million to shoot a war love movie, Hellscream, starring Jean Harlow, directed by Hughes himself and directed by Edmund goulding. During the filming process, Hollywood released an audio film "Jazz Singer", which influenced Hughes. He replaced the original heroine, Greta Nissen, with Jean Harlow, because Greta's Norwegian accent did not match the identity of the British aristocrat in the film. Hughes also played a stuntman himself, but suffered a plane crash. Fortunately, he was only seriously injured.

1930, this expensive air combat film "Hell Angel" shot by Hughes was released in the United States. This film was nominated for the best cinematography in the third Oscar. The box office is more eye-catching than the investment, reaching $8 million, which also makes the heroine Jean Harlow Speed a famous actor in Hollywood.

193 1 year, Hughes invested in the production of TheFrontPage, a comedy film directed by Lewis Milestone and starring Adolf Menjo, which was nominated for the best film award.

1932, Hughes invested in the comedy film Cockoftheir; Directed by TomBuckingham. In the same year, he once again invested in the production of Scarface, a black crime film directed by Howard Hawkes and Richard Rosson, starring paul muni and karen morley.

1942, invested and produced by Hughes, and directed the western romantic film The Desperado with Howard Hawkes. Hughes specially designed a deep V bra for jane russell, the heroine in the film, which became a classic at that time and made Jane the aesthetic standard at that time. In the same year, a war film "Behind the Rising Sun" was made.

1944, Hughes cooperated with Preston Sturges to establish California Film Company. After World War II, Hughes has been focusing on his aviation career and handed over the film company to sturges for management. 1947 filmed the comedy film "TheSinofHaroldDiddlebock". In the end, the two ended their cooperation for various reasons.

1948, Hughes bought RKO Film Studio (Radio and Television China Film Company) for $9 million, and set up an office in "Hollywood-Pontmercy Theatre". Hughes fired a large number of company employees, and most of the new employees resigned because of Hughes' obsessive-compulsive disorder. Hughes only paid attention to his own interests and didn't care about the studio, which caused the studio to stop production for half a year and was in debt of $40 million.

1950, Hughes independently produced a crime film Revenge based on the novella Colombo by French writer Prosper Merimee. The film, with a budget of $4 million, is directed by mel ferrer and Stuart Heisler, starring Faith Domergue and George Torrance.

195 1 year, Hughes invested in Passion, a black thriller directed by john farrow and richard fleischer and starring robert mitchum and jane russell, as a producer and participated in the screenwriter of the film. He also worked as a producer, shooting the musical film "Two Tickets to Broadway" directed by JamesV V. Kern and starring Tony Martin and Janet Lee. In the same year, Hughes produced the musical film Quartet.

1952 Hughes made a guest appearance as the executive producer of two films in film noir, which were filmed in two Las Vegas in the United States and China respectively. First, he invested in the production of the black crime film Las Vegas Story directed by robert stevenson. Later, he invested in the production of the black adventure film Macau directed by Joseph von Robert Jeffrey Sternberg and nicholas ray. In the same year, Radio Television China produced the war film One Minute to Zero directed by Ty Garnett, which was released with the support of Hughes.

From 65438 to 0953, due to the impact of television, the film industry began to decline, and Hughes decided to make a three-dimensional film (3D film) to attract the audience's attention. He co-produced the black thriller Second Chance with Rudolph Matt, which was produced by him, directed by Rudolph Matt and starring robert mitchum and linda darnell. In the same year, Hughes invited MaryLoos, the niece of Anita Luce, the author of A Gentleman Loves Beauty, to write a musical script with her husband Richard Sale, and worked with EdmundGrainger as a producer to shoot All the Best, a 3D musical directed by Lloyd Bacon and starring jane russell and gilbert roland.

From 65438 to 0955, Hughes invested in and produced the adventure film Underwater, which was directed by john Sturges and starred by Jane Russell and Lori Nelson. The professional underwater equipment and diving equipment used in this film were invented and provided by Hughes.

1956, Hughes invested in his last film, The Conqueror, which is a historical biography of Mongols in China in the12nd century, directed by dick powell and starring john wayne and susan hayward.

1957, Hughes made the last film of Lei Dianhua, directed by Joseph von Robert Jeffrey Sternberg and Jules Furthman, starring john wayne and janet leigh. He often plays passers-by and other small roles in movies. After the film was finished, he sold China Radio, Television and Film Company to Universal.

Flight Experience Hong Kong

1933, Hughes bought a Boeing P-2 single-engine plane and took part in an amateur pilot competition, but the results were not satisfactory. He soon turned his interest to making airplanes, founded Hughes Aircraft Manufacturing Company named after himself, and began to design and manufacture a new type of airplane named after Hughes' initials, namely "Hughes".

On September 3rd, 1935, H 1 aircraft made its first test flight. Hughes successfully piloted H 1, setting a world record of flying speed of 566 km/h, and then he rewrote the record to 567. 12 km/h ... breaking the French world record of land plane speed of 505.85 km/h, and kept it to 1939. But on the fifth test flight, H 1 crashed and almost died.

193765438+1October18th, howard hughes successfully flew over the continental United States (from burbank to Newark) without landing, which took only 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds, setting a new world record. To this end, Hughes, known as the "flying hero", was also cordially received by American President Roosevelt.

1On July 4th, 938, howard hughes flew the Lockheed 14-N2 "Super electra" twin-engine transport plane, breaking the record of flying around the world for 7 days 18 hours set by Willie Post five years ago. Hughes and his crew flew at an average speed of 208 miles per hour, stopping in Paris, Moscow and Siberia. After flying 9 1 hour 14 minutes, they landed at an airport in Brooklyn and the plane sailed 14824 miles. The purpose of this flight is to promote "Expo 1939".

Business experience

Film and television entertainment company

1926, howard hughes bought the operation right of 125 cinema. Later, he set up his own film and television studio and made films such as Two Arabian Knights, Hell Angels and Illegal Profits. 1948, Hughes bought the control of the whole radio and television China Film Company. In the 1950 s, Hughes bought several TV stations in Las Vegas and often called them to let them play the movies they wanted to see. 1In the late 1950s, he faded out of the entertainment circle.

Hughes tools co

Hughes 18 years old when his parents died, and the inheritance was not obtained until 2 1 year old. Howard hughes went to court to ask for an early inheritance. At the public hearing dealing with inheritance, he pointed out that according to his father's suicide note, half of Hughes' shares in the company belonged to his mother, which Hughes had done before her death. Now that his mother has passed away, his mother's 50% equity should be inherited by him; The remaining 50% of the shares belong to the old Hughes, half of which, that is, 25% of the shares are inherited by him, and the other half, also 25% of the shares, is divided equally by relatives at home. But Hughes wants him to buy all 25% shares of his relatives. He wants to own a 0/00% stake in Hughes/KLOC. Hughes, 18 years old, got a bank loan four months after his father died, and used cash to buy the inheritance inherited by relatives and friends, becoming the sole owner of Hughes Tool Company (Baker Hughes Company, USA).

In 1924, Hughes showed no interest in oil drilling. It took him several months to find a new management for the company, and then he resigned. Until 1987, "Hughes tools company" was merged and called "American Baker Hughes company".

Hughes aircraft Corp.

1932, Hughes Aircraft Company was established, and excellent American engineers were hired to build faster and more efficient aircraft. Hughes Aircraft Company was once one of the major suppliers of the US Air Force, including Hughes Aerospace and Communications Company and Hughes Helicopter Company.

1939, Hughes entered TWA, introduced the greatest piston engine passenger plane "Lockheed Constellation" in aviation history, obtained many research and development achievements and technologies that were not adopted by the military at a very cheap price, and took the lead in providing transatlantic aircraft routes. Under his management, TWA quickly turned losses into profits, and Hughes became the first billionaire in America. Also known as "the father of global airlines". 1940s, his airline actively developed various aircraft, which established his position in American aviation history. Such as: works by Hughes 1, H 1B, Hughes 2, D-2, and madman XF-1. Until 1950, Hughes, as a 78% shareholder of Universal Pictures, lost his controlling interest because he refused to appear in court.

1965, Hughes Aircraft Company developed a commercial communication satellite weighing about 38kg. With its 6000 telephone lines and 12 color TV transmission functions, it has opened up the TV and telephone networks between Europe and America. 1966, Hughes Aircraft Company built an unmanned spacecraft for the United States. This spaceship landed on the moon for the first time, which laid a solid foundation for the subsequent manned landing on the moon and became Hughes' most historic commercial achievement. Throughout the 20th century, Hughes was a pioneer in the aerospace field in the United States and even the world. Hughes Aircraft Company founded by Hughes invented the first practical laser, the first synchronous satellite and the first lunar probe.

Howard hughes Corp.

1924, howard hughes inherited "Hughes Tool Company". This company has a bright future. Without debt, he gradually developed and diversified the enterprise. In the1950s, we bought a lot of land, hotels and entertainment places in Las Vegas and summerlin, Nevada. 1967, 62-year-old Hughes sold the company's stock of 500 million dollars.

1973, the huge Hughes empire became a group enterprise "howard hughes Company". The real estate project it developed embodies Hughes' spiritual vision-planning the community "Jane Amelia Xia". From 65438 to 0976, after Hughes' death, the company experienced many mergers and acquisitions, but it still belonged to the leading enterprise in the United States, also known as "howard hughes Company".

the howard hughes medical institute, hhmi

In the late 1940s, Hughes established a laboratory composed of some doctors and scientists. Until the end of 1953, the Hughes Medical College named after him was founded through the profits of Hughes Aircraft Company as working capital. 1953 12 17, Hughes signed a scientific discussion devoted to basic research on the origin of life. Hughes established the Howard Hughes Medical Research Institute, a non-profit medical research institute in the United States. It is to promote the effective application of human knowledge in basic science (mainly medical research and medical education) and the field of human interests. After that, scientists focused on cell biology, immunology, genetics, neuroscience and structural biology.

1976, howard hughes died, and his medical research institute inherited all his property; Until 2 1 century, howard hughes Medical Research Institute was the second largest medical research fund in the world, with more than a dozen Nobel Prize winners and assets under management of nearly $20 billion.

Personal life

family background

Howard hughes's full name: Howard Robard Hughes Jr. 1905 12.24 was born in Texas, USA. His mother: Ali Si Tong Gano, of British aristocratic descent, died on the operating table when Hughes 16 years old because of anesthesia failure; His father: Hughes Sr. came from America and graduated from Harvard. He is an oil speculator and owns a company that produces new drilling machinery. 18 years old, Hughes died of heart paralysis at the age of 54, leaving Hughes Tools with assets of about 750,000 US dollars. His uncle Rupert Hughes is also a famous American playwright.

Emotional experience

Marriage experience

Howard hughes and American actress joan peters got married on October 6th, 2002. After marriage, due to Hughes' eccentric personality and obsessive-compulsive disorder, they finally parted ways and divorced on1971June 18.

Love experience

Hughes' first public girlfriend was Billie Dover, the "most beautiful girl" in the silent film era, but for some reason, they didn't get together in the end. Hughes met katharine hepburn who was filming at 1935; In June 1937 65438+1October19, Hughes called Hepburn's "telegraph love letter". 1938, Hughes proposed to Hepburn after completing his first round-the-world flight, but Hepburn's family disagreed and they broke up. Hughes' telegraph love letter to Hepburn was auctioned in 2005. This relationship is regarded as Hughes' last true love. Hughes also fell in love with actresses such as bette davis, Olivia de Havilland, ingrid bergman, ava gardner, Lana Turner and hedy lamarr.

Old age life

However, after 1950s, his life style has changed greatly. He began to live in seclusion and lived in isolation. Suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder. 1958, eccentric Hughes moved to a desert near Santiago, Chile.

In his later years, Hughes had all kinds of incredible quirks: he only cut his hair and nails once a year, liked to pee in a bottle, stayed away from anyone's body, injected cocaine for a long time, and forced himself to take notes. Because of insomnia, he also bought several local TV stations so that he could watch the programs he wanted in the early hours of the morning. Once I sat naked in the middle of the living room watching a movie and said I was in the "sterile area". There are usually several doctors hired at high prices where he lives, but Hughes rarely lets them see a doctor and doesn't listen to them. At the end of his life, Hughes' circle was mainly Mormons because he believed that only Mormons could be trusted. Until 1973, Hughes' health went from bad to worse because of continuous work and drug abuse.

1On April 5th, 976, while Americans were preparing to celebrate the bicentennial of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Hughes died on his way back to his hometown of Houston from Mexico. He is 7 1 year old and only 83 kg. Therefore, Hughes appeared on the cover of Time. He has no children, so his legacy is inherited by his medical institute.

Main work

Participate in movies

The secret war plan-1957, produced by

None-1956, as a producer.

None-1955, as a producer.

None-1953, as a producer.

None-1952, as a producer.

Passion-195 1, as a screenwriter and producer.

None-1950 as producer and deputy director,

None-1943, as a producer.

None-1943, as a producer.

Scarface-1932, as producer.

None-1932, as a producer.

Angel of Hell-1930, producer and director.

Illegal profit-1928, as a producer.

Two Arabian knights-1927, as producers.

： ..

Director works

： ..

Personality assessment

In the United States, howard hughes's name is as household name as Washington and abraham lincoln. This is not only because he is one of the few richest people in the United States who enjoys a world reputation, but also because he is a genius who combines aviation engineers, entrepreneurs, film directors, playboys, airplane kings and lunatics. (Sina Entertainment Review)

Hughes is a legend in American history. He makes movies, builds airplanes and runs airlines, but his most important status is as a pilot. Hughes once set a flight speed record, the fastest flight record in the world, and pursued his dreams like a paranoid. He does earn a lot of money, but he is more like an idealist than a businessman. In America, he is generally regarded as a genius, a dreamer and a hero. He is the prototype of Stack in Iron Man. (Tencent Online Review)

Howard hughes's life is diverse, brilliant, legendary, mysterious, ups and downs like the plot of a fantasy movie in Hollywood, and his tall and handsome appearance is by no means inferior to that of a Hollywood actor at that time. His colorful life seems to have lived several times longer than others. Any actor, if lucky enough to play him on the screen, is equivalent to experiencing a variety of different lives. (Netease News Review)

Howard hughes's life is the most ups and downs and bizarre I have ever seen. He experienced everything, including his relationship with his mother, his struggle with health, his obsession with obsessive-compulsive disorder, becoming a flying champion, the first billionaire in the United States, turning to Hollywood, becoming a producer against the film system, against big consortia and monopolists, and even against senators. He can never be with a woman forever, because he always unconsciously regards the woman in front of him as his plane. He always wants a faster and smoother plane and a bigger turbine. (Leonardo DiCaprio Review)

Howard hughes was one of the most interesting figures in the 1940s and 1950s. He is an inventor, adventurer, millionaire, romantic lover, and absolutely crazy. (Stan Lee Review)

Howard hughes's first half life is like a movie, with climaxes. He can do anything in the blue sky and boundless love, but he goes crazy in the second half and gradually gets away from the public view. (Time Network Review)

Howard hughes, the "flying tycoon", is indeed a legendary pilot. He created a miracle in the flying world. He has everything the world envies, money and power. (Xinhuanet Review)

Personality dispute

In World War II, Japan's successful attack on Pearl Harbor was related to the poor performance of fighter planes equipped by the US Air Force. It is reported that the Zero Fighter, famous for its attack on Pearl Harbor, stole the design scheme of howard hughes H 1 aircraft. Although Hughes repeatedly stated that he would never sell the design of H 1 to the Japanese, he could not produce obvious evidence. The Zero Fighter, which was born two years later than H 1, is similar to it in many ways and cannot but arouse people's speculation. The American military, condemned by the public, naturally regrets it.

Commemoration of future generations