Alexander hamilton: The first Treasury Secretary of the United States, how did he make the US dollar dominate quickly?

Tragic childhood: orphans without father and mother 1757 1, alexander hamilton was born in Nevis, British West Indies, and was an illegitimate child. When he was eight, his father left him and his mother. 1 1 years old, working as a shop assistant. /kloc-When he was 0/3 years old, his mother died of yellow fever and he became an orphan. Friends at home helped him find a job as an accounting assistant, and he began to learn bookkeeping. Hamilton was different from others since he was a child. He is very eager to read. He reads every book as much as possible, which enables him to express his views clearly. When he was 0/5 years old, an ocean storm hit the West Indies. He wrote a related report for a newspaper, which was very attractive. Hamilton's employer soon discovered his greatness and cooperated with a priest to fund his research. Hamilton came to new york with their money, but his level was not above King's College (later Columbia University), so he first studied in a school in New Jersey. He works very hard at school and studies until midnight every day. A year later, he finally got into King's College. Young Hamilton once wrote: "I am eager for success. In order to succeed, I can risk my life, but I cannot sacrifice my personality. " I hope there is a war, let me show my ability. "The tragic childhood created a strong and creative Hamilton; Losing his father, he eventually became one of the founding fathers of a new country, allowing the country's powerful genes to take root in his hands. The War of Independence: Amazing Self-study Ability &; 1774, the witty Hamilton, Washington's right-hand man, delivered a speech openly resisting British tyranny, and in the following year, he wrote several articles criticizing British colonial policy. After the outbreak of the War of Independence, Hamilton actively joined the army. Two years later, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and served as an adjutant of the General Staff in Washington. Washington has very high requirements for assistants. He asked the adjutant to be able to fight and give advice, which is beyond the competence of ordinary people. Hamilton did not stop studying while serving as an adjutant in Washington. He is equipping his brain for more difficult tasks in the future. He spent all his spare time studying, and just read his notes and remembered the whole 1 12 pages. He reads philosophy, history, biographies of celebrities and yearbooks of political economy. It can be seen from his reading notes that the future finance minister has mastered the basic principles of finance. In addition to self-study, he has to deal with letters for Washington, which is not an easy task, but he can find clues to establish a new * * *. The amazing ability of self-study laid a solid foundation for Hamilton to become a first-class constitutional scholar and unparalleled finance minister. In addition, he also completed a series of arduous tasks: organizing donations, coordinating military operations, proposing military concepts, and replenishing military supplies. He is known as the "priceless adviser" of Washington, and has made great contributions to the victory of the War of Independence. The first Treasury Secretary: Paving the way for the hegemony of the US dollar and enacting the Constitution: After the victory of the War of Independence, although the United States established an independent state power, the strength of the Confederacy was very weak, and it was unable to solve various problems of the new United States: First, the financial situation was getting worse and worse: due to years of wars, the US state finances were chaotic, and the Confederacy had no right to levy taxes, so it had to issue mainland tickets to deal with debts, which led to a sharp depreciation of the currency. Second, each state goes its own way: each state fights for its own rights and interests regardless of the overall situation; Third, the external situation has deteriorated: although Britain recognizes the independence of the United States, it still retains its own military stronghold on the northwest border, and Spain controls the lower reaches of the Mississippi River and the estuary. In this case, the United States is faced with "either becoming a great, happy and respected country or falling into chaos." Hamilton believes that the Constitution is the guarantee for the United States to get rid of non-ism and move towards prosperity. 1786, Hamilton and Madison drafted a report on convening a national constitutional convention. 1787 From May to September, the Constitutional Convention was held in Philadelphia, which was the earliest one in the world. After a hard struggle, the delegates signed the draft constitution. The more difficult task is to get the states to ratify the constitution. In this regard, Hamilton made unparalleled contributions, and conducted a publicity and education on the new constitution for the American people in the big debate he led. Only after the adoption of the Constitution did the United States truly establish long-term political stability and lay the foundation for economic and social modernization. The first treasury secretary: 1789, Washington became the first president of the United States with the unanimous support of all electoral colleges, Hamilton was the treasury secretary and Jefferson was the secretary of state. After Hamilton became finance minister, he submitted four reports: the report on national debt, the report on establishing tax system, the report on establishing bank and the report on manufacturing industry. The plans in his first three reports complement each other. Paying off the old debts has improved the country's credibility, making it easier for * * * to obtain a large amount of foreign capital and issue new bonds. The establishment of the tax system not only increases the fiscal revenue of the country, but also provides a guarantee for repaying domestic and foreign debts; All these require banks to play a role in promoting the development of the national economy. The statue of Hamilton in front of the US Treasury Building In the fourth report "Manufacturing Report", Hamilton comprehensively and systematically put forward policies and measures to develop American manufacturing. He has long been aware of the profound significance of the industrial revolution taking place in Britain, and clearly pointed out the direction of American social modernization in his report. This report is regarded by many scholars as "almost a prediction of American economic development." Jefferson, then Secretary of State, disagreed with his political views. Jefferson suggested that the United States should take the road of modernization in developing agriculture. History has proved that it is impossible to realize modernization by developing agriculture. The talented finance minister has long known the essence of finance. He told people that the key to economic development is to mobilize and allocate resources most effectively, and the best means to mobilize and allocate resources is the credit system. A country with the highest credit can mobilize global funds and resources to develop its own economy. Hamilton established a whole set of financial system for the United States, created conditions for the development of industry and commerce, and finally made the American financial system grow into a dollar hegemony system that dominated the global economy. Hamilton made great contributions in the process of starting and promoting American modernization. He is regarded as the greatest treasury secretary in American history. Absurd: He died in a duel. Hamilton died in a duel with his political rival Allen Burr. According to the rules of duel, Hamilton shot first, but the bullet he shot was far from Allen Burr, but Allen Burr hit him in the right chest. Hamilton died before he was 50. Political legacy: It has greatly influenced American history. Although Hamilton is not the president of the United States, his influence on the United States is far-reaching than many presidents: as the first US Treasury Secretary and the main architect of the new structure, he designed a set of mechanisms that can make the country run smoothly, including budget system, long-term debt system, tax system, central bank and customs system; He and james madison are the main promoters of the American Constitutional Convention, and their federalism is a classic interpretation of the spirit of the American Constitution. His prediction of the form and power of the future Federation has also come true. His influence on American history is just as people commented on him: "No founding father has such foresight on the future political, military and economic strength of the United States like Hamilton, and no one has formulated such a suitable system to unite the whole country like him. "