Zhejiang Intangible Cultural Heritage: Wang's Lantern?

Shiqiaotou Village, Wenling, Zhejiang Province, inherits a super-large lantern making technique, which appears once every four years. It is one of the intangible cultural heritages in Zhejiang Province, namely Wang Dahua Lantern, also known as Dragon and Phoenix Lantern. Then today's Folk Festival will introduce you to the folk art handed down from generation to generation-Wang Dahua Lantern.

Wang Deng, also known as Dragon and Phoenix Lantern, is a traditional handicraft lamp handed down from generation to generation in Shiqiaotou Town, Wenling City, and is also a traditional handicraft of the Han people in Zhejiang Province. Its production skills belong to the provincial intangible cultural heritage of Zhejiang Province. Wang's Lantern Festival mainly welcomes guests with lanterns during the Lantern Festival. As early as the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, six counties in Taizhou were famous for their "high, large and refined".

The production of Wangda lanterns has a long history. It is said that it began in the twentieth year of Kangxi. At that time, in order to praise the emperor's virtue and demeanor, Wang Gongzong made an octagonal headlight for people to watch at midnight. Later, I made hexagonal headlights. Since then, there have been two kinds of headlights, hexagonal and octagonal, representing men, mainly dragons. Octagonal headlights represent women, and the pattern is mainly phoenix.

Its neighbor Xiaojiaqiao, Jiang Gongzong, made a lotus lantern with exquisite craftsmanship to celebrate his neighbor's birthday. Every time we welcome lanterns, set off fireworks and firecrackers, and play meteors. The scene is very lively. There is a jingle circulating among the people: Shangwangqiao Bridge welcomes headlights, Xiaojiaqiao Bridge snows meteors, Yangjiaqiao mustard leaves are peeled off, and Xiahuangqiao girl is taken away and nowhere to be found.

In the 16th year of Jiaqing (18 1 1), for fear that the lanterns would be missed by future generations, Wang Gongzong built a monument with the inscription of "Two Guarantees" in his ancestral hall, which is now hidden in the Lantern Festival Memorial Hall of the Queen of Shangyuan, and the words "Sixteen years of Jiaqing" and "Lantern Festival" were clearly left on the monument to encourage the world.

Wang's lanterns are divided into two pagoda-shaped lanterns, dragon and phoenix, which are shaped like pagodas. This tower has seven floors. There are all kinds of carved paper works on each floor, and there are flower and bird paintings around the lamp wall. There are also open umbrellas and exaggerated gourd-shaped temples on the top of the lamp. At first, the height of the lamp body was 12- 16 meters, and later it developed to more than 20 meters.

The whole lantern of Wang Lantern consists of five parts: the foot, the body, the pond, the carrot and the blue lotus. The lamp body is extremely high, and the technical requirements for splitting, binding, chiseling and paper-cutting are very high. The material selection of lamp bone is particular. Choose Phyllostachys pubescens with a growth period of 2-3 years (this bamboo is produced in Ningxi, Huangyan), dig it up by roots, trim it slightly, and dry it indoors in the shade. It takes a month to tie the frame, and it has strong fire resistance.

The ramie rope wrapped around the bamboo frame trunk of the headlight does not knot at all. According to the ancient method, the glutinous rice is cooked first, put into a container such as a bamboo tube, and mashed into mud, and then the ramie silk is wrapped into a bundle, and wound into a rope at the place where the bamboo is to be tied. After the sticky rice paste is dried, the rope still has the function of contraction, which is very firm.

The hand-made process of Wang Lantern is complicated, with cow millstone as the foot, stone pressing, bamboo outside the frame, ramie outside the frame, paper cutting outside the frame, and handicrafts such as Youlong and lily inside the lamp frame. Because Wang's lanterns are huge and belong to manual art, it takes 50 days for eight people to tie the lampholders with two lamps, and 40 days for 30 people to paste, paste, cut and depict them, so it takes 90 days for 40 people to participate in the two lamps. The weight of each lamp exceeds 65,438+0,000 kg. In the welcome light incident, 24 people carried the light, 12 people pulled the four-corner wind rope, and several standby personnel were needed.

Wang's lanterns represent the public's Buddhist beliefs. Lantern is a pagoda lamp, and the tower has seven weights. Make it according to the stupa, and take advantage of it to suppress evil and keep peace. At the same time, it also contains Gan Kun's harmonious outlook on life. Wang's lanterns are made every four years and displayed to people from the 14th to 16th of the first month. According to local traditional customs, after the Lantern Festival, lanterns are lit and presented to "Heaven" to pray for good weather, peace and prosperity.

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