Re-evaluation on the Collection and Dissemination of the Story of the Stone, a trade edition of Zhiyanzhai.

At present, the earliest collector of this book is close friend Dong Kang. Dong Kang, a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, died in 1942. He likes carving books. He carved many excellent books. It is not easy for us to investigate the Tibetans who wrote books in Dongkang before. Even how Dong Kang got the book is unknown to us. Dong Kang has a book, Shubo Tan Yong, which was printed in 1929. Volume 4 says: The Stone Story is the cool love of his life. The sages tasted the words, and when they were young, they saw the original book. Lin and Xue died young, glory and decline, and Baoyu dross matched the real Xiangyun. Therefore, this time, there is a saying that "the double star is white because of Kirin".

At the end of the second poem "Pillow Xiage" entitled "Three Gorgeous Pictures of Qionglou in Yuhu Mountain", he added a cloud: "Finally, it is based on the original work of A Dream of Red Mansions. Although "Stone" or "Dream of Red Mansions" is mentioned twice here, it is obviously not the original version. I don't think he has collected the book. If he had, he would mention it at the same time.

We don't know when Tao Zhu received the book, but he has an inscription on it for five years. The earliest date is 1936 Bingzi, followed by 1947 Dinghai, and the last date is 1949, the seventh day of the first lunar month (shame day). We don't know when he received the book, maybe. It was badly damaged. According to his records, this manuscript has been preserved for one to twenty times, thirty-one to forty times, sixty-one to seventy times, and there are still sixty-four or sixty-seven missing times, which has been copied by Wu Yu 'an. Ann may be the hometown of Jia and Dao. That is to say, when Tao Zhu received the book, there were actually 38 times left in the book, including three and a half pages left in the first time, one and a half pages left in the tenth time, and only forty times when Wu Yu 'an copied it.

After receiving this book, Tao Zhu made corrections and supplements. First, he made up the remaining pages of the first chapter and the tenth chapter. Second, he compiled 2 1 to 30 chapters according to the copy of Chen Geng's book. Thirdly, he recorded all the notes and examples of the book with a blue pen, recorded all the notes of the book with a red pen, and revised his book with two schools of thought. Tao Zhu carried out this work, the purpose of which is, of course, to make this incomplete book complete; But he didn't expect that, in this way, he ruined the original appearance of his book. In particular, it is very difficult for him to proofread the text of Trade Edition with Zhu Bi, which is completely different from the original calligraphy on Trade Edition, thus bringing great difficulties to the research work of this book, which is of course unexpected. Fortunately, Tao Zhu carefully left a record of the remaining contents and pages of the book, as well as a detailed record of his copying of JOE and Chen Geng, and also noted the different colors used in copying different manuscripts, so it is not too difficult for us to distinguish them. What's more troublesome is that the characters in Chen Geng edition revised by Zhu Bi are indistinguishable from the original characters in Zhu Bi edition revised by Ji Maoben, which need to be carefully identified by researchers. As for the parts completely copied by him, such as the ten times from 21st to 30th, there is nothing in Ji Mao's version, which is copied from Chen Geng's version, and there are many mistakes. Now that Chen Geng's version has been photocopied and published, researchers can directly use Chen Geng's version instead of these copied texts. If other words are copied in blue, researchers can know at a glance that they are JOE's words, which have nothing to do with their own books, and they don't have to waste time on them.

For a long time, the academic community has not conducted in-depth research on this precious manuscript. /kloc-Chen Zhong in 0/963? Comrade published the article "Talking about the Story of the Stone from the Words of Ji Maoben" in Cultural Relics, which broke this silence and attracted people's attention to this manuscript. But this study didn't go any further, so it didn't explore the really important aspects of this manuscript.

1975, Comrade Wang Hongjun of the History Museum gave three volumes and two and a half volumes of The Story of the Stone he had collected for the museum to Comrade Wu Enyu for appraisal. After his research, he thought it might be the missing part of his own manuscript. He also found that there was a taboo word "Xiang" on this copy, so he suspected that it might be the prince's taboo. He told me this idea and asked me to check the original edition in Beijing Library. In the process of checking, I found many missing pens in the word "Xiang" Later, I borrowed the original edition of Yi Fu Bibliography, that is, the Bibliography of Qin Yi Wang Mi Library, with seals such as "Treasure of Prince Yi", "Appreciation of Zhaizhen in Northeast China" and "Painting and Calligraphy Seal of Zhailan in Northeast wangyi". This transcript bibliography also has taboos. Later, Comrade Wu Enyu discovered that three and two and a half copies of The Story of the Stone also contained auspicious taboos. In this way, we have determined that this copy of The Story of the Stone is indeed the missing part of Jimao's copy, and further confirmed that Jimao is the copy of Qin Yi Wang Fu, and the person who presided over the copying and collection of this book should be Prince Xiao Yi. This is an important discovery in the edition history of A Dream of Red Mansions, which was initiated by Mr. Wu Enyu.

Ji Mao Manuscript is a copy of Qin Yi Wang Fu, and its discovery has brought us a new problem and the possibility of solving it. This is the source of the original edition used by Shaw when he copied it. To discuss this issue, we must first understand the relationship between Prince Yun Xiang and Cao Jia in Chu Ci. There are not many historical materials in this field, but in the second year of Yongzheng, Cao Fu visited Zhu Pi of Yongzheng, which is a very important document. Zhu Pi said in full: "I am safe. You were instructed to tell your story to Prince Yi. Listen to the prince? The guide left. If you do nothing wrong, the prince will take care of you; If you are illegal, who can't be blessed with you? Don't run around and waste your energy buying trouble. You don't have to ask another person to support yourself except wangyi. Why not do something convenient and beneficial and do something troublesome and harmful? Because you have always been used to being an asshole, I am afraid that others will accuse me of hitting you. If you don't understand, you are wrong, and I will tell you. If someone threatens to cheat you, you might as well ask Prince Yi. Prince Kuang is very sorry for you, so I gave you to the prince. Make up your mind and be less chaotic. If my reputation is damaged, I will be severely punished and the prince can't save you. Special instructions. "

Literally, this Yongzheng Zhu Pi has obvious emotional color. From the content point of view, it embodies the following points: 1. King Yun Xiang of Iraq has a close relationship with. "Everything is done according to what the prince said? Lead the way ","The prince takes care of you in everything ","You don't need to ask another person to support yourself except ","If someone threatens to cheat you, you might as well ask Prince Yi. Prince Kuang feels sorry for you, so I'll give you to the prince ",which is not all red tape;" "If this is such a red tape article, just scratch the surface and forget it. Why say so much over and over again, and explain Prince Yi's concern for him over and over again. Second, Yongzheng seemed to care a little about Cao Fu, but he didn't do very well. On this point, just look at the memorial of Sui Hede after he was ordered to copy Cao Fu's home. It reads: "All the people in Cao Fu, such as fields and houses, have been rewarded by the Lotus Emperor. I am extremely honored. Cao Fu's family generously left fewer houses to support them. Now that his family is coming back to Beijing, the slave should allocate the housing population in Beijing as appropriate. " After getting the property, Cao Fu also "generously ordered to provide less housing", which shows that he has not destroyed his home. The same thing, after Xu Li was copied, was * * * "selling more than 200 people in Suzhou" to his family and servants. If it can't be sold in Suzhou, it will be "recorded" and sent to Beijing, "and handed over to Chongwenmen for supervision and fifty-one price change." Regarding Xu Li herself, after finding out that "Xu Li bought Suzhou girls for Akina", that is, "according to an example, it is planned to arrest and execute the traitor Xu Li in autumn. Yongzheng instructed: "Xu Li spared the beheading and gave it to the beast Ula." . So 73-year-old Xu Li had to be exiled to Wula to play with sacrifices and finally died there; However, after Cao Fu's possession of Seth Black (the younger brother of Yongzheng and the ninth son of Kangxi) was discovered, Yongzheng ignored it and did not make any treatment. So, why didn't Yongzheng take care of Cao Fu? I don't think this is to say that Yongzheng has any affection for him, but to take care of the feelings of the righteous prince. This is speculation, but it is not groundless. The Yongzheng Zhu Pi mentioned earlier is one of the bases of this speculation. In addition, Cao Yin is Kangxi's baby brother, and Yun Xiang is Kangxi's thirteenth son. During Kangxi's southern tour, Cao Yin Jiangning Weaving Department was the palace. He also called Cao Yin's mother Sun Shi "an old man in our family", while Cao Fu was "brought up in Jiangnan by his late father Cao Yin". Because of the special close relationship between Kangxi and Cao Yin, the relationship between Yun Xiang, the son of Kangxi, and Cao Yin and Cao Fu is logical. Based on the above background, it is indeed possible for Prince Yi (the son of Yun Xiang) to borrow the manuscript of Bazaar Book directly from the Cao family and organize manpower to record it. More importantly, Hong Xiao also has a deep relationship with Cao Xueqin's good friend Duncheng, which is reflected in Hong Xiao's Poems of Famous Mountains and Duncheng's Collection of Four Songs. From this perspective, Hong Xiao may borrow his own manuscript to record it. From this point of view, it is entirely possible that this kind of over-recorded copy of Jimao's original works is directly over-recorded, and the copied style is completely in line with Jimao's original style, from which we can also infer the appearance of Jimao's original manuscript. From this perspective, this report card is indeed more valuable. To borrow a phrase to identify calligraphy and painting, it can also be called a "first-class" treasure.

Since a large number of irrefutable facts prove that the existing codex of Bazaar is indeed the codex of Qin Yi Wang Mi, then the sentence "Bazaar is finalized in winter and month" written on this codex is not casually added by businessmen, but completely true and reliable. Similarly, since the scribe of this book is determined to be Prince Hong Xiao of Iraq, and the source of its manuscript is likely to come directly from Cao Jia, the title of "Red inkstone read and commented four times" on this manuscript is not something that businessmen can add at will; What's more, we are arranged in order according to the evaluation year of Zhiyanzhai, which happens to be the fourth evaluation during the trade year. It can be seen that the inscription of the "Four Reading Comments" is the exact record and extremely important evidence of Zhi Yanzhai's comments on "The Story of the Stone", which, together with the inscription of "The End of the Moon and the Fair" above, constitutes a remarkable feature that distinguishes this book from other early manuscripts, so these two inscriptions must not be casually used.

In the process of studying bazaar edition, another major breakthrough and gain is to find that the existing Chen Geng edition is copied from the existing bazaar edition, and its copy style is exactly the same as that of bazaar edition, even the typos, blank lines and postscript of bazaar edition are exactly the same. Even in the seventy-eighth chapter of the edition, there is still an identical missing pen "Xiang" with the bazaar edition. As I said before, there are only forty-one times and two and a half times left in the trade pages recorded by Yifu, and the rest can no longer be seen. As a large number of facts have proved that the existing Chen Geng was copied from the bazaar version recorded by Yi Fu, and its style is completely consistent, so we can see the whole picture of the lost bazaar version from the Chen Geng version. Of course, there are a lot of comments about calligraphy in Chen Geng's version, but not in Ji Mao's version. When we say that two books are the same, we mean its ink version, not including the comments on calligraphy. However, there is no doubt that Chen Geng's Twenty-four Notes on Comment on Zhi Yanzhai should be Ji Mao's original notes on comment. Due to time constraints, Yi Fu only over-recorded the ink copy part, but not the original batch. Therefore, if we want to explore the true colors of Ji Mao, we should link the re-recorded version of Ji Mao and the re-recorded version of Chen Geng, and discuss them together, rather than in isolation, because these two books have such an inseparable blood relationship.

In the history of the study on the editions of A Dream of Red Mansions, it is a great progress to know the original features of the bazaar edition and the Chen Geng edition. Because of this progress, we can correctly understand the great academic value of our books. Only in this way can we correctly understand the consanguineous relationship between Chen Geng Ben and Ji Maoben, the special complementary interdependence, and the great academic value of Chen Geng Ben. It can be said that in the early manuscripts of "The Story of the Stone", the bazaar was the first to be over-recorded, and it was also the closest to the original. The incomplete part can be learned from Chen Geng, which is almost a complete bazaar. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that the existing bazaar edition and Chen Geng edition are a pair of archways in the Qianlong manuscript of A Dream of Red Mansions.

Chicken feather book, one of the existing versions of A Dream of Red Mansions. Also known as the fat diet. The title is "Re-evaluation of Stone by Zhi Yanzhai". The second volume of the General Catalogue is titled "Four Reviews of Zhiyanzhai", and the third volume is titled "Ji Maodong Ding Yueben", hence the name Ji Maoben. It was twenty-four years of Qianlong (1759). Save it forty times. That is, one to twenty times, thirty-one to forty times, and sixty-one to seventy times (sixty-four and sixty-seven times were originally missing, and later generations Wu Yu copied them according to the elevation). Among them, the first volume lost three and a half pages at the beginning of the first cycle, one and a half pages at the end of the tenth cycle and one quarter page at the end of the seventieth cycle. Ten times a volume, * * * four volumes, each half a dozen lines, with twenty-five or three crosses. There is also a stub, which was saved for three times, two and a half times. Namely, the second half of the fifty-fifth cycle, the fifty-sixth to fifty-eighth cycles and the first half of the fifty-ninth cycle.

This book is of the same ancestry as Chen Geng's, and the two books have many features. If Chapter 17 and Chapter 18 are not separated, * * * uses a reply, Chapter 19 has no reply, and Chapters 64 and 67 are the same as Chen Geng's original works. This edition has fewer words than the Chen Geng edition, but more words than the Chen Geng edition, with more accurate semantics. Especially in the first five chapters, the characters are quite different. This book has no complicated eyebrows and side criticism, and its face is clean. Most of the comments are written in double lines in the text, accounting for 7 17, which are the same as Chen Geng's version except for one more word. There were no double batches before the eleventh cycle, but twelve side batches were different, which were found in the sixth cycle and the tenth cycle.

There are six notes in this book, which make up for the shortcomings of the notes in this book. The first is the annotation "Fu Chang 'an Capital" as the first article "The State of Prosperity"; The second is the fourth "official protection statement"; The third is the fifth poem; The fourth is the sixth poem; The fifth sheet indicates that the total batch will be copied twice as low before the second return; The sixth page is the annotation of Chapter 19, with the text attached, and another page is written before this chapter.

The text of Jimao avoids the taboo of "Xuan" and "Zi", and the taboo of "Xiang" and "filial piety" of the King of Iraq and two generations. Judging from this, this banknote is the original banknote hidden by Xiao Hongfu, Prince of Iraq in Qing Dynasty. Huang Anxiang, the father of Xiao Hong, is the thirteenth son of Kangxi, and the Cao family is closely related to him, so the basis may come from the Cao family. This book was bought by Dong Kang, a famous bibliophile, in the late 1920s and early 1930s, and later owned by his good friend Tao Zhu. The present National Library of Tibet. The remnant volume appeared in the China Bookstore of Liulichang in Beijing in the winter of 1959 and was collected by the Chinese History Museum. 1May, 980, photocopied and published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 4 times/kloc-0, 2 times and a half.