The earliest market in the history of China appeared in

The earliest market in the history of China appeared in the earliest free market in the Five Dynasties. However, the officially designated market position was very early, and it is certain that it existed in the Zhou Dynasty.

The earliest rhyme books in the history of our country are Sheng Lei of the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms and Yun Ji of the Jin Dynasty.

The earliest existing rhyme book in China is Qieyun compiled by Lu Yan in Sui Dynasty.

The earliest human in the history of our country is the earliest known human in our country, and it is Yuanmou people in Yunnan.

About 6.5438+0.7 million years ago.

(1965, in Yunnan.

Two tooth fossils, some rough stone tools and fire ashes were unearthed, which were scientifically identified as early human fossils and relics 6.5438+0.7 million years ago. )

The earliest embroidery work in the history of China is 1958. Embroideries with dragon and phoenix patterns were unearthed from Chu Tomb in Changsha, China. This is the ancient embroidery of China during the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago, and it is one of the earliest embroidery products discovered in China.

Who was the earliest emperor in the history of China? Qin Shihuang Qin Zheng Qin Shihuang's contribution also lies in laying the foundation of a multi-ethnic feudal country. Some policies and measures implemented after Qin's reunification not only affected the feudal society in the next two thousand years, but also affected the present, such as the unification of characters. The unified measures and systems adopted by Qin Shihuang were bold innovations in the historical development at that time. He not only changed the political culture of the separatist regime, but also made the feudal society and economy develop smoothly. But also changed the inherent historical tradition of Qin in many ways. For example, the State of Qin has always been regarded as a backward area in the West by the Central Plains countries, and Qin Xiaogong is also troubled by this. Although the forces of Qin entered the Central Plains after the Prince of Zhao, the main ruling areas and base areas have not yet left the customs. By the time of Qin Shihuang, its territory had reached an unprecedented level. Faced with this situation, Qin Shihuang established various systems on the basis of Qin system. He was not confined to the inherent system and tradition of Qin Dynasty, which showed his political foresight. Most of the systems formulated by the Qin dynasty were inherited later, which can prove that these systems and measures were adapted to the historical situation at that time. Qin Shihuang, who established these systems, could not have done this if his political vision did not go beyond the limitations of Qin in the western border.

In which dynasty did the earliest eunuch appear in the history of China? The eunuch system, which began in the Zhou Dynasty, did not leave the name of the first eunuch, because in the Western Zhou Dynasty, as a tribe, castrated people began to serve the nobility. It should be the first eunuch with a famous surname, not Zhao Gao or Ai, but a eunuch in the Chiang era! Vertical carving itself is not a eunuch, but in order to flatter Qi Huangong, he changed from a palace to a eunuch. In China, the word "convex knife" appeared in Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, and its meaning was similar to that of Yan, indicating that there was already a general at that time; But there is no record that they are court attendants. The use of eunuchs began in the records of the Western Zhou Dynasty. In Zhou Li, there is a saying that "the palace is kept inside, and it is rejected by humanity". At that time, eunuchs were regarded as "temple people", "inner vertical people" and "people", but their numbers were small and their status was low. They are only responsible for handyman, messenger and so on, which is a kind of retainer. With the development of absolute monarchy, in the Warring States and the Qin Dynasty, the number of prisoners increased greatly, the number of institutions using eunuchs increased, and eunuchs began to take power. In the Han Dynasty, people who waited on the emperor were called "officials" or "eunuchs". It is said that the name comes from a constellation called "Guan" in the vault next to the Emperor of Heaven. By the Eastern Han Dynasty, all eunuchs had to use eunuchs, and it was the first time that a large-scale eunuch came to power. Later, in the late Tang Dynasty, large-scale eunuchs came to power again. As for the term "eunuch", it first appeared in Liao Dynasty. Originally, it was called a * * * high position, not necessarily a eunuch. In the Ming Dynasty, there were twelve prisons and twenty-four yamen in the imperial court, and the leaders were eunuchs, all of whom were eunuchs. So "eunuch" became the title of senior eunuch, and later became the floorboard of eunuch.

When did the earliest brothel appear in history? The origin of brothel * * * and the earliest national brothel with 700 prostitutes * * * There are different opinions about the origin of brothel girl (* * *) at all times and at home and abroad. For example, there is a religion that * * * is originally a priestess in a temple, just like a witch in the Shang Dynasty. In the 5th century BC, the Greek historian Herodotus recorded that the so-called * * * in the Babylonian temple was dedicated to the goddess, but actually provided pleasure for men. In China, the situation is more complicated. The original meaning of the word prostitute does not refer to women who exchange their bodies for money, but refers to female music, that is, female song and dance performers. China's earliest * * * historical records, China's earliest * * * when pushing Hongya prostitutes in the Three Emperors era. It is said that Xia Jie has 30,000 female musicians. Starting from the palace prostitutes of the supreme ruler, the domestic prostitutes of rulers at all levels have a wide range, including maids, concubines, prostitutes, geisha, dancers, beauties and so on. Ordinary people rely on witches to satisfy their desire to have more than two women. The confluence of domestic prostitutes and witch prostitutes produces official prostitutes, that is, the prostitution industry operated by * * *. Guan Zhong established the earliest national brothel in China, with 700 brothels. Guan Zhong, the prime minister of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, first invented the official prostitute. He set up a national brothel with 700 yuan. When Guan Zhong ruled Qi, in order to increase the financial revenue of Qiang Bing, a rich country, it was stipulated that women could no longer be killed. Before this, some officials or others made serious mistakes, and all family members, male or female, master or slave, were to be killed. Later, Guan Zhong stipulated that only the first offender should be killed, and other men were betrayed by officials and could be slaves to do hard work. As for women, except the elderly, they have to enter the state-run building to provide * * * for their guests. This kind of building is state-owned, and the income belongs to the state. Later, it became the first hegemon, and Qi became the first hegemon in the Spring and Autumn Period. Guan Zhong and his national brothel contributed greatly. Coincidentally, Solon, a contemporary political reformer in Athens, ancient Greece, also opened a national brothel to meet the demands of young men and protect women from harassment. And the brothels in Guanzhong play a greater role. One is to increase the fiscal revenue of * * * through taxation, the other is conducive to social stability, the third is to attract a large number of talents, and the fourth is to send prostitutes to the enemy without bloodshed. Guan Zhong's invention was soon imitated by other countries, and official prostitutes flourished for a while. There is a kind of official prostitute who specializes in serving the army, called camp prostitute. The earliest inventor was Gou Jian, the King of Yue, and it didn't officially become a system until the Han Dynasty. After the Han Dynasty, domestic prostitutes flourished and reached their peak in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The status of domestic prostitutes is between concubines and maids. Concubine is to meet the physiological needs of the host, maid is to serve tea and sweep the floor, make the bed and fold the quilt, and the role of domestic prostitute is to provide artistic services to the host. Domestic prostitutes generally received strict artistic training, which actually represented the highest artistic level at that time. China's music and dance were not only carried forward by them, but also passed down by them. But neither official prostitute nor domestic prostitute has personal freedom, and the owner can buy, sell and kill at will. With the development of commerce and the prosperity of cities, besides official prostitutes and domestic prostitutes, there are also self-employed private prostitutes, which is the real brothel. Private prostitutes appeared in the pre-Qin period, flourished in the Tang Dynasty, and continued until the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, becoming a wonderful flower in ancient China society. Private prostitutes can be divided into two categories. One is officially registered * * *, which belongs to a teaching workshop and is called a city prostitute. Another type of unlicensed business households is a veritable private prostitute. The artistic accomplishment of private prostitutes is not as good as that of official prostitutes and domestic prostitutes, with wider social contact and more complicated cultural composition. All these make the brothel culture full of various colors.

Who was the earliest educator in Chinese history? Confucius is one, earlier, not the earliest.

It must have been someone anonymous at first.

Confucius. Before Confucius, it was "learning in the official", and Confucius initiated private learning, breaking the situation that the government monopolized education.

Zi (5565438 BC+0-479 BC) was born in the late Spring and Autumn Period (now Qufu, Shandong). He was a famous thinker and educator in ancient China and the founder of Confucianism. Confucius' ancestors were originally aristocrats in the Song Dynasty, but they moved to Shandong because of the decline of their families. After middle age, Confucius began to teach as a disciple. At the age of 50, he was a general manager in the state of Lu, and later he was promoted to Scott. He left Lu because of disagreement with the authorities of Lu, led his disciples to travel to Wei, Chen, Song, Cai, Chu and other countries, and returned to Lu to continue giving lectures in his later years. Confucius spent most of his life in educational activities. He started a private school, advocating "no class left", and he would accept anyone who sent ten pieces of dried meat for tuition. In this way, the boundaries between grades and regions have been broken, and the scope of education has been expanded. The contents taught by Confucius are mainly six books: poetry, calligraphy, etiquette, Yi, Yue and Chunqiu. Poetry is a collection of ancient poems, Book is a compilation of political documents of the Zhou Dynasty and before, Li is about the rules and regulations of the Zhou Dynasty, Yi is about philosophy, and Chunqiu is about the history of Lu. In the long-term teaching practice, Confucius accumulated systematic educational thoughts and summarized a set of teaching methods. He pays attention to "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and gives different education according to the different situations of students. In teaching, it is required to inspire and induce students to "draw inferences from others" and achieve mastery through a comprehensive study. Confucius taught students to treat learning with a realistic attitude, "knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing". He attaches importance to learning from each other, learning from each other's strong points, and advocates the spirit of "not ashamed to ask questions". Students are also educated to review regularly, "keep pace with the times" and "review the past and learn new things". Confucius has been engaged in education for decades, and has taught 3,000 knowledgeable and talented students, of which 72 are particularly outstanding, forming an influential Confucian school. Confucius' excellent style of study and successful teaching experience are still praised by people, such as "learning new things by reviewing old ones" and "drawing inferences from others", which have often been used as idioms. However, he preached "learning to be an excellent official", despised the working people and opposed students' participation in productive labor, which also had a negative impact on the education of later generations. The purpose of Confucius education is to cultivate tools to serve the ruling class of the Zhou Dynasty from the need of maintaining slavery. However, he opened private schools and recruited disciples, which gave more people the opportunity to receive education. Among his students were the children of slave owners and nobles, the lower class people who were called "disabled", "savage" and "me" at that time, and people from various vassal States. In this way, it broke the situation of aristocratic monopoly education in the past and played a positive role in the social development at that time. The private school founded by Confucius had a far-reaching influence on ancient education. Since then, private schools and official schools have coexisted and developed continuously, which played a very important role in spreading the ancient culture of China.

In which dynasty did the earliest surname appear in history? It was in the Zhou Dynasty.

The Zhou dynasty implemented the enfeoffment system, and princes and princes were enfeoffed according to grades. If it is Zhao, it is called Zhao in China.