Three-dimensional painting materials-teach you how to draw three-dimensional painting on paper (introductory tutorial)

Material classification of stereoscopic painting The material of stereoscopic painting can be divided into two categories: slit grating and cylindrical grating. Slit grating is a material that prints black stripes and transparent stripes on the surface of pet film according to specific data rules. Its imaging principle is pinhole imaging principle. However, the slit grating stereo light box has the following defects: the light transmittance is only 20-30%, which is not environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and the lighting lamp consumes a lot of energy, generates a lot of heat and has low brightness, so it is only suitable for indoor light boxes.

There are many kinds of cylindrical gratings, including plate, sheet and film, and their imaging principle is the principle of refraction and reflection imaging by curved lens. Cylindrical grating has great potential, which can be used regardless of indoor or outdoor lighting, and the market penetration rate is expanding. However, cylindrical grating film is gradually eliminated by the market because it needs to be stuck on glass and other media, with low transparency and poor definition.

Therefore, at present, the most popular ones on the market are sheet grating and sheet grating. A sheet lenticular grating: the material is thin (generally between 0. 18 ~ 0.9mm), so it is called sheet grating. )

Multi-line (generally 60- 140lpi)

Short sight distance (at present, when the sight distance of plate painting in the market exceeds 1.5m, the stereoscopic impression will be greatly reduced).

low cost

Because of the large number of lines of sheet grating, it requires high resolution and clarity of images, so domestic manufacturers of sheet stereoscopic paintings generally choose printing technology to produce them. However, it also has serious disadvantages, that is, the number of single images must reach a certain scale to produce. Can't personalized production, can only choose the manufacturer's existing model. As a result, there are few three-dimensional pattern materials in the market and the artistic sense is poor. In addition, the three-dimensional image of the paper is uniformly printed by the printing factory according to the fixed data. This pattern is influenced by the principle of stereoscopic imaging and the error of the number of thin slices, which can not guarantee that every stereoscopic image can eliminate moire fringes (commonly known as light waves), greatly reducing the appreciation of stereoscopic paintings. The market can't be fully opened, which limits the development of three-dimensional industry.

B flat lens grating: material thickness (generally above 2mm)

Fewer lines (between 10 and 60lpi)

The sight distance is long (about 2 to10m, with different thicknesses and different sight distances).

High cost (PS and PET materials are widely used in China at present, and the price is about 130 yuan/square).

Because of the characteristics of flat grating, the stereoscopic impression and overall effect of flat stereoscopic painting are much better than that of sheet stereoscopic painting, which is more suitable for small printers.

Production. But also meets the requirements of personalized production. However, due to the high cost of plate materials, the retail price of plate stereoscopic paintings remains high, and the market

The field is small and it is difficult to popularize. There is no uniform standard. From the characteristics of grating materials, there are three laws that must be observed. These three laws are mutually causal.

First, the law of size. Fine grating for small paintings and coarse grating for large paintings. Generally, the thickness less than 1.5mm is made of PET. At present, this material is the most stable and flaky, and its width is generally less than 1 m. The largest grating in China is 2m× 3m, which is suitable for large paintings from 0.4m× 0.6m to 0.8m×1.2m. This kind of grating is generally made of PS material and is not stable. The third type is a thin film grating made of PET, which has no format limitation and can be used in various sizes, usually 1.2m× 100m.

Second, the law of thickness. If you want a strong stereoscopic effect, please use a thick grating, if you want a weak stereoscopic effect, please use a thin grating. Does anyone want to weaken the three-dimensional sense? Isn't the stronger the stereoscopic impression, the better? No, the three-dimensional effect is moderate, the best. If it is too strong, it will be twisted and uncomfortable. If it is too weak, it will have no three-dimensional effect. If the mapping technique is not high, can the coarse grating enhance the stereoscopic effect? No The three-dimensional sense is set when painting, and it is as big as it is set, which cannot be compensated by the grating. Different gratings should be set with corresponding values, which should not exceed the reasonable display range of gratings, otherwise the picture will be uncomfortable.

Third, the law of distance. The stronger the stereoscopic impression, the farther the sight distance, the weaker the stereoscopic impression and the closer the sight distance. In other words, the bigger the painting, the stronger the stereoscopic effect, and the thicker grating can be used for long-distance viewing. The smaller the painting, the stronger the three-dimensional effect. Thin gratings can be used to prevent dizziness.

Grating has the best sight distance, so you can choose a suitable grating to paint according to the sight distance.

Tools/materials that teach you how to draw 3D pictures on paper (introductory course)

A piece of A4 paper, two pencils with different hardness and a ruler.

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First, fold the white paper in half.

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After unfolding, draw two parallel lines with gray strokes perpendicular to the crease direction.

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Next, switch to the black pen. From the starting point of these two gray lines, draw two parallel lines diagonally until the position of the crease, and then draw from the crease to the other end.

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Draw a horizontal line where black and gray correspond.

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Fold the paper at right angles and stand up. Next, you just need to find a good shooting angle.

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Progressive article

A ladder is the simplest material. Next, let's practice how to put cubic things on such a two-dimensional diagram.

Step 1: Draw a rectangle, which will be two sides of a cuboid after being folded in half.

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Step 2: Fold it up and find the A vertex of the left section of the cuboid after it is erected, so as to ensure that the left section is a parallelogram after it is erected, so that the cuboid will not be deformed.

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Step 3: Draw a parallel line between point A and above to find out the position of point B. ..

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Step 4: Connect all the wires.

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This is the final effect.

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In addition to mastering the influence of origami on the picture, we also need to master the principle of 3D stereoscopic painting-the reverse application of perspective (simply speaking, the objects drawn in the distance in ground painting are larger than those drawn in the vicinity to highlight that the painted objects and canvas are not in the same dimension).

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3D painting is a painting technology that projects the painted object from a specific viewpoint and projects the picture back to the picture carrier according to the visual imaging law, which requires high perspective. Understanding the perspective principle is easy to understand and apply.

Three-dimensional painting how to make a "three-dimensional panoramic painting" feels flat and looks three-dimensional, with outstanding prospects, deep background, distinct layers, bright colors and strong sense of space. What is in the painting can be elegant and hidden in the painting. There are mainly two kinds of materials, high-precision printing paper and optical materials. It is essentially different from the plane image, which reflects the two-dimensional relationship between objects up and down, left and right, and the plane image people see also has a three-dimensional sense. This is mainly reflected in the contrast between light and shadow, reality and light and shade. The real 3D stereoscopic painting is the principle of simulating people's eyes to see the world, and it is made by optical refraction, so that the eyes can see the three-dimensional relationship of objects. It is a stereoscopic painting in the true visual sense.

It takes high technology as the carrier, and through digital processing, it transforms ordinary plane images into well-defined and panoramic wonderful pictures; Strong sense of three-dimensional sense and depth, lifelike, lifelike, with a real feeling of being at your fingertips and being there. It is called "living image" and "high-tech handmade works of art (all-round computer design, all-hand post-synthesis)". After the transformation from black and white to color and color to digital, the world image technology has now entered the era of "3D panorama", which is waterproof, oil-proof, indelible for a hundred years and permanently preserved.

Graphic painting is the main way to express images in the market. Plane images have always been based on the principle of "the near is big and the far is small, and the front is solid and the rear is imaginary", but the three-dimensional space shown by color difference is limited after all. Cubic painting just makes up for this.

Three-dimensional painting is processed by computer software. It cuts the objects in the picture one by one, layers them and then lines them, showing the distance between objects and the sense of volume of a single object. To sum up in a simple sentence: the plan shows the three-dimensional sense with color difference and realism, while the three-dimensional view shows the three-dimensional sense with shifted numbers. Displacement is to locate the object in the picture according to the number of front and back coordinates.

For the computer, set the keyboard to 10 when it is near you, and set the monitor to 20 when it is far away from you. In this way, the order of objects is patchy, and you can see who is in front of you at a glance, and the sense of emptiness naturally arises. Objects in the picture can move at will, thus changing the number of moving objects, so that the front and back distance of the whole picture, that is, the depth of field, can be extended indefinitely as you wish, but this is not the case in reality. Limited by the plane painting in the market, the production of three-dimensional painting will also be limited to some extent. As mentioned above, plane painting is solid before virtual, and the material of three-dimensional painting comes from plane painting first. In the process of making stereoscopic painting, the blurred background is more blurred when the liver is dragged backwards, and the final effect picture looks like illusory astigmatism, which greatly reduces the quality of 3D painting as a whole. This can be said to be the biggest contradiction between graphic designers and 3D designers.