What is the relationship between the Big Dipper and Polaris?

Polaris is now in the sky, pointing to the north pole of the earth. Therefore, it always seems to be in the northern sky. It is because of its important position that it is famous. In fact, according to the brightness, it is just an ordinary second-class star, belonging to the "younger generation." It is more than 300 light years away from us. Polaris belongs to the brightest star in Ursa minor, also known as Alpha in Ursa minor. China called it "Gouchenyi" or "Beichen" in ancient times. On the constellation diagram, it is on the tip of the bear's tail.

The Big Dipper is the seven stars near the North Star. It consists of Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji, Tianquan, Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang, so the ancients called it the Big Dipper. These seven stars are α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η in Ursa major, and the other six stars are all second-class except the celestial force δ. The line connecting Tian Xuan β and Shu Tian α is about five times longer, and Polaris can be found. Therefore, beta and alpha stars are also called "Polaris". The ancients connected these seven stars with dotted lines, and Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tian Ji and Tian Quan formed a fighting body, which was called the champion. Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang make up bucket handle, which is called gourd ladle. The whole thing forms a bucket with a handle. Because living in the north, it is called Beidou. Taoism attaches great importance to Beidou, and worships it for two reasons: on the one hand, when traveling in Elysium, Taoist can use Beidou to determine the direction and distinguish the alternation of seasons. The Big Dipper is close to the North Star, which connects Shu Tian and Tian Xuan in a straight line. When the distance is extended by five times, you can find the North Star, which is a symbol of the north. At the same time, people can also decide the season according to the direction of bucket handle at the beginning of fainting: bucket handle refers to the east, and the world is spring; Guide to barrel handle, it's summer in the world; Bucket handle refers to the west, and the world is autumn; The barrel handle refers to the north, and it is winter all over the world. On the other hand, the deeper reason is that, in the eyes of Taoist people, the big dipper star is closely related to life and death. "Beidou lives in the sky, which is the hub of the sky, and it swims at four o'clock. Everything from heaven, earth, day, month, five stars, obsidian, six feet and twenty-eight nights, all the immortals are true, from the emperor down to Li Shu, Shoulu, rich and poor, life and death, all ghosts and gods belong to President Beidou. If a person sincerely hopes, he will answer. "

Shu Tian

Constellation: Ursa Major

Western name: dubhe Bayer letter: Alpha Ursa major

Value: 2.00

Location (year J2000.0):

Right ascension:11h03m43.70s.

Declination:+6145' 03.2 "

Height: 54 12' 33 "

Azimuth: 048 49' 51"

U2000: Chart 24, Volume 1

Transfer: 04h 33m 1 1s

Tian Xuan

Constellation: Ursa Major

Western name: Melak

Bayer letter: beta Ursa major

Value: 2.40

Location (year J2000.0):

Right ascension:11h01m50.49s.

Declination:+56 22' 56.6 "

Height: 52 25 ft 3 1 inch

Azimuth: 057 19' 13 "

U2000: Chart 46, Volume 1

Transfer: 04h 3 1m 18s.

celestial pole

Constellation: Ursa Major

Western name: Phecda

Bayer letter: gamma Ursa major

Value: 2.50

Location (year J2000.0):

Right ascension:11h53m49.83s.

Declination:+53 41'41.1"

Height: 44 feet 38 inches 39 inches

Azimuth: 055 15' 46 "

U2000: Chart 47, Volume 1

Transit time: 05 hours, 23 minutes and 09 seconds

Tianquan

Constellation: Ursa Major

Western name: May Gorez

Bayer alphabet: Ursa Major Delta

Value: 3.40

Location (year J2000.0):

Right ascension:12h15m25.57s.

Declination: +57 0 1' 57.3 "

Height: 43 59 ft 16 in.

Azimuth: 048 59' 49 "

U2000: Chart 47, Volume 1

Transfer: 05h 44m 4 1s

Yu Heng

Constellation: Ursa Major

Western name: Aliot

Bayer letter: Ursa major ε

Location (year J2000.0):

Right ascension:12h54m01.76s.

Declination:+55 57' 35.6 "

Height: 39 feet 06 inches 28 inches

Azimuth: 045 49' 31"

U2000: Chart 48, Volume 1

Transfer: 06h 23m 1 1s

Kaiyang

Constellation: Ursa Major

Western name: Mizard

Bayer letter: zeta Ursae Majoris

Value: 2.40

Location (year J2000.0):

Right ascension:/kloc-0 13H23M55.55s

Declination:+54 55' 31.4 "

Height: 35 17' 26 "

Azimuth: 043 1 1' 00 "

U2000: Chart 48, Volume 1

Transit: 06h 53m 00s, which forms a famous visual binary star with auxiliary stars, and can be distinguished by naked eyes. This is a group of seven stars.