How to keep out the cold in winter

When winter comes, people have various countermeasures to deal with the cold. Masks, scarves and gloves are all wrapped. Warm is warm, but the resistance is poor. When the flu came, it fell down. What's the matter? Wear more clothes, the better?

From a scientific point of view, keeping out the cold in winter is not a matter of wearing more and less. This is because clothes only play the role of isolation, weakening the convection between cold air and hot air on the body surface, and do not generate heat itself. Therefore, wearing a piece of clothing only increases the thickness of the air, greatly isolates the loss of heat on the body surface, and improves the warmth. The warmth that people feel is the normal temperature of the body surface. But from a physiological point of view, wearing too many clothes will inhibit the adaptability of body temperature regulation function, but will weaken the ability to keep out the cold. This is why it is easy to catch a cold if you wear too much.

So what is the correct way to keep out the cold?

First of all, we should pay attention to the appropriate thickness of winter clothes, and it is best to choose light and warm down products and windproof leather clothes. It is best not to wear tight high-necked underwear or sweaters, which is easy to oppress the carotid artery and cause insufficient blood supply to brain tissue.

Secondly, wear a mask according to your personal situation. There is a spongy vascular network in human nasal mucosa, and the blood circulation in nasal cavity is relatively strong: there are many mucous membranes attached to nasal cavity and the whole respiratory tract, such as throat, trachea, bronchus, etc., and there are microvessels under the mucosa. The function of these blood vessels is to heat and humidify the cold air entering the nasal cavity, that is, when the cold air is inhaled into the lungs through the nasal cavity, it is close to body temperature. Exercise can enhance this physiological function of human body and improve cold tolerance. If you wear a mask for a long time, the mucosa of the nasal cavity and the whole respiratory tract will be protected because you can't get exercise? Flowers in the greenhouse? , so that the nasal mucosa can not play a normal role in heating and humidifying, so a little cold, people will catch a cold.

Third, some people like to use scarves as masks, which is convenient. It's much warmer to put a scarf around your nose, and you don't have to wear a mask. But it is unhealthy to do so. Scarves are generally wool and chemical fiber fabrics, and there are many substances (fibers and bacteria, etc.). ) It's bad for them. People will be inhaled into the lungs when breathing, which is harmful to health.

Of course, from the point of view of keeping warm and preventing colds, under normal circumstances, you should wear less masks. However, for influenza or other infectious diseases, masks still have a preventive effect. In addition, in areas with serious air pollution, masks are also one of the necessities to resist sandstorms.

Actually, wearing a mask is not as good as wearing a hat. The human head is the location of the nerve center of the brain. Compared with other parts of the skin, the skin on the head is denser, rich in blood vessels and lymphoid tissues, and rich in sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair. The head is generally exposed, and the hair is thick and thick, which is easy to dissipate heat. Especially in human activities, heat often evaporates from the head, and coupled with air convection, cold will also take the opportunity to invade the human body. Not to mention exercise, in winter, even at rest, if people don't wear hats, they will emit a lot of heat from their heads. Physiologists believe that at the temperature of 15℃, people who don't wear hats and don't exercise often account for 1/3 of the whole body heat. At about 4℃, the lost heat increases to1/2 of the total heat of human body; At minus 10℃, the lost heat accounts for 3/4 of the total body heat! It can be seen that the head warmth is closely related to the whole body warmth.

Generally speaking, it is necessary to have a hat in winter!

References:

To prevent colds in winter, don't wear a hat and a mask, Huo Yu Jia, scientific health preservation, 2014-01-0/;

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Author: Zhang