What is Mozart, a musical genius?

Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is a representative of Viennese classical music school. 1756 65438+/kloc-0 was born in the family of a court musician in Salzburg on October 27th,179165438+died in Vienna on February 5th. Mozart showed his musical talent at the age of three, studied piano with his father at the age of four, composed music at the age of five, studied violin with his father at the age of six, wrote many sonatas and symphonies at the age of eight, and wrote his first opera at the age of eleven. He only lived to be 36 years old. Heavy creation, performance and poor life damaged his health and made him die prematurely, and his music works became the precious heritage of the world music treasure house.

From 65438 to 0762, six-year-old Mozart, led by his father, made a tentative tour in Munich, Vienna and Pressburg, and achieved success. From June 1763 to March 1773, he toured Germany, France, Britain, the Netherlands, Italy and other countries for ten years and achieved success. These touring performances have had a positive impact on Mozart's artistic development. He had access to the most advanced music arts in Europe at that time-Italian opera, French opera and German instrumental music, which made him the composer with the widest creative style at that time.

Since 1774, his creation has entered a mature stage. In another performance of 1777, Mozart was inspired and encouraged by his extensive contact with all walks of life, especially his equal and harmonious communication with Mannheim citizen artists, which far exceeded the traditional concept. This is not only the improvement of art appreciation ability, but also a profound understanding of the irrationality of feudal system. He realized more and more that a person's value is not determined by birth, but by talent and morality. Mozart, now an adult, was dissatisfied with his slavery. In order to strive for personal and creative freedom, in 178 1, he made a complete break with the archbishop who hired him and resolutely resigned. Became the first free composer in Austrian history who had the courage and determination to resist the court and church and safeguard personal dignity. In the same year, he went to Vienna and wrote the famous opera The Temptation of the Harem.

First broadcast in July 1782 was a great success. 1782, he married constance Weber, the daughter of Mannheim musician, without his father's consent. Here, Mozart forged a deep friendship with Haydn in Vienna at that time, and learned from Haydn's experience in composing quartets and symphonies. The decade from the career of a freelance composer to his death is the most important creative period in Mozart's life. The works of this period, whether operas or symphonies, all present new features. These works reflect the firm and optimistic class consciousness of the emerging bourgeoisie and show the typical thoughts and feelings of the progressive intellectuals in Vienna. But as the first artist who tried to break free and maintain his dignity, he enjoyed the pleasure of "freedom" and had a more practical experience of its hardships. Mozart began to show his sadness, resentment and even protest in his music. At the same time, he still holds naive and sincere yearning for a bright future. As soon as he opened the beautiful shell, generate burst into fire.

Music history books call Mozart a rare genius. He died young, but left so many works. His creation covers almost all fields of music, but his most important achievement is the promotion of opera. He inherited Gluck's ideal of opera reform and went further. Unlike Gluck, Mozart advocated that "poetry must obey music". His opera has a strong musical appeal, the melody is very beautiful, smooth, natural and affectionate, and the recitation is also full of singing. Different types of music bring all kinds of characters and personalities to life. The form of duet is regarded by Mozart as an important means to arrange dramatic conflicts and climaxes. The overture is concise and personalized, which has more internal relations with the whole play in musical nature. These important explorations have enabled Mozart to make immortal achievements in the pioneering history of German opera art, among which The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute are the most prominent.

Symphony is also an important part of Mozart's creation. His most representative symphonies are his last three, namely E-flat major, G minor and C major. Among them, Symphony No.39 in E flat major is cheerful, bright and full of poetry. Symphony No.40 in G minor is full of drama and Haydn's optimism, but it is completely different from Haydn in technique and is called Mozart's "Hero" symphony. Symphony no 4 1 in c major (commonly called "Jupiter") is magnificent and ambitious, which indicates the emergence of Beethoven's heroic symphony. Mozart's symphonies (especially the last three) are the highest achievements of all the symphonies before Beethoven. His outstanding contribution lies in the contrast of the theme of each movement.

The last two years of Mozart's life were the most difficult economic period. He once said: "My tongue has tasted death, and my creation is still optimistic." 179165438+On February 5th, this great and elegant genius left this troubled world in the slums of Vienna.

At that time, his wife was seriously ill and there was no pocket money at home. At the age of 35, Mozart was buried in the unknown cemetery of the poor, and no relatives held a funeral for him. Weeds are hidden and rain is washed, which makes countless descendants who respect him today want to sacrifice. He regretted not completing the requiem all his life, but now the whole world is praising his genius, and his soul can really rest in peace.

Generally speaking, Mozart's creative achievements cover all fields. They reflect that at the end of18th century, the oppressed German and Austrian intellectuals got rid of the fetters of feudal absolutism and pursued a better society, light, justice and human dignity. His music style is characterized by sincerity, delicacy, popularity, elegance, lightness and elegance, and most of them are full of optimism, reflecting the upward mental state of the German and Austrian bourgeoisie in the rising period. In Vienna's later works, there are also tragic and dramatic styles, which reflect social contradictions more deeply.