What do constellations, music stars, Sirius and everything else mean?

Analysis:

The name of the star-the mystery of the constellation

When people look at the stars outdoors at night, they often talk about various legends about the stars, such as "a star in the sky, a bite on the ground". The stars in the sky are immortals, and the celebrities on the ground are immortals from heaven. Now we know that the stars in the sky are neither gods nor people. They are celestial bodies, which we call "stars". The constancy of a star is relative to the "line" of a planet. It means that their relative position in the sky is fixed, and it is difficult to see their changes after decades or hundreds of years.

What is a star? It was not until nearly 40 years ago that people gave it a scientific definition. Stars, like the sun, are celestial bodies that glow by themselves and are huge thermonuclear reaction gas spheres. On their surface, there are all kinds of activities, spraying huge flames. In space, they gather into an unimaginable huge system-galaxy. Some stars are bigger than the sun, and some are smaller than the sun. The reason why the stars are only small to us is that they are too far away from us. In fact, they are all large and small suns. Except planets, comets and meteors, most stars in the sky are stars.

Observing the starry sky with the naked eye, in fact, the stars we can see are very limited. A person can only see half of the sky at a time, and the other half is below the horizon, so we can't see it. According to statistics, on a clear autumn night without moonlight, people with the best eyesight can see nearly 3000 stars. Throughout the year, 6000 stars can be seen in the whole sky. Looking at the starry sky with a telescope, the number of stars has greatly increased. With ordinary binoculars, more than 50,000 stars can be seen in the whole sky. If you look at the starry sky with the largest telescope in modern times, you will see hundreds of millions of stars, far exceeding the population on the earth.

The stars in the sky, at first glance, seem to be chaotic and randomly arranged. It seems impossible to identify them one by one. However, if we observe them carefully, we will find that they have rules to follow. For example, Polaris, which always indicates the north accurately. Less than 1 from the north celestial pole. The big dipper is shaped like a big spoon or an inverted "?" It revolves around Polaris all the year round. If the nearby stars in the sky are connected by lines, different patterns will be formed, some like animals and some like utensils. Ancient astronomers divided bright stars into constellations according to their imaginary shapes. Each constellation has its own name. In China, there are three walls, four elephants and twenty-eight dwellings. This is recorded in detail in Historical Records of Heaven in Guan Shu, and it is estimated that they originated before the Zhou and Qin Dynasties.

Sanyuan is three areas near the North Celestial Pole, namely Ziweiyuan, Taiweiyuan and Tianshiyuan. The four elephants are distributed near the ecliptic and the white road, circling the sky. Each elephant is divided into seven sections, called "lodging", and * * * counts as 28 lodging. They are: the black dragon image in the east includes horn, sound, house, heart, tail and basket;

North celestial pole: The celestial sphere seems to rotate around an axis on Sunday. This axis and its two endpoints on the celestial sphere, namely the north celestial pole and the south celestial pole, are called the celestial axis. The north celestial pole is connected with the North Star.

* * Image of the Oriental Black Dragon: The ancients thought that the opening portrait connected with the Seven Oriental Hotels was the legend of a small dragon, so it was named after it. The following is similar.

The image of southern Suzaku includes seven nights: well, ghost, willow, star, Zhang, wing and Qi.

The image of the western white tiger, including Kui, Lou, Stomach, Ang, Bi, Gou and Shen for seven nights;

The image of Xuanwu in the north includes fighting, ox, female, air, danger, house and wall;

"Accommodation" means dormitory, so 28 accommodations are also called 28 dormitories. The moon moves west along the white road and stays in a "hut" every day.

In foreign countries, constellations are called by the names of characters, beasts and monsters in Greek mythology. For example, Fairy Queen, Fairy King, Orion, Taurus, Fairy, Perseus and Pegasus. Whales. Wait a minute. There are also things named after them, such as scales and compasses. At present, there are 88 all-sky constellations recognized internationally. Among them, 29 constellations are north of the celestial equator, 46 are south of the celestial equator, and 13 spans the north and south sides of the celestial equator.

With the division of constellations, it is much more convenient for us to find the stars. For example, the Big Dipper is in Ursa Major, the Polaris is in Ursa Minor, and Vega is in Lyra. Each constellation includes many stars, the brightest of which was named by the ancients. In China, such as Sirius, Old Man, Nanmener, Weaver Girl, Dalingwu, Tianjin No.1 and so on. Foreign countries also have special names. But there are so many stars that it is impossible to give each star a name. Therefore, in astronomy, the Greek letters α, β and γ are used to name the stars in the constellation according to their brightness. For example, Sirius, the brightest star in Canis Canis, beta in Perseus, beta in Lyra Vega. When Greek letters are not enough, numbers are used instead. For example, cygnus 6 1 star. Some dark stars are also distinguished by the numbers in the catalog. For example, M3 1 refers to Meiyu Yexing No.31.

In astronomy, in order to meet the needs of work and practice, the positions of constant stars are recorded and compiled into a catalogue. We can find out the position, distance,

The celestial sphere also says that the equator of the celestial sphere is a big garden on the celestial sphere, which divides the celestial sphere into two equal halves. Motion and various physical properties, etc. The position of the stars in the sky is marked with equatorial coordinates +38 4 1' (1 hour equals 15).

The earliest catalog in the world is the fossil catalog of China during the Warring States Period, which contains more than 120 stars. In the west, there is a catalogue compiled by the Greek astronomer Konsi Pachas (BC 130), with 1 thousands of stars. After the invention of the telescope, I saw more stars. For example, the Bonn catalog includes 324,000 stars. At present, more than 20 observatories around the world have produced an all-sky catalog, which is called a "photographic sky map catalog" and contains more than 3 million stars.