What is the golden constellation?

Venus is one of the eight planets in the solar system, and it is the second planet in the order from near to far from the sun. It is the closest planet to the earth. China called it Taibai or Taibai Venus in ancient times. It sometimes appears in the eastern sky before dawn, and is called "Qi Ming". Sometimes it appears in the western sky after dusk and is called Chang Geng. Venus is the brightest star except the sun and the moon in the whole day, with the maximum brightness of -4.4, which is 14 times brighter than the famous Sirius (the brightest star except the sun in the whole day), like a dazzling diamond, so the ancient Greeks called it Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, while the Romans called it Venus, the god of beauty.

Venus, like Mercury, is the only two big planets in the solar system without natural satellites. So there is no "moon" in the night sky on Venus, and the brightest "star" is the earth. Because it is close to the sun, the size of the sun seen from Venus is 1.5 times larger than that seen from the earth.

Some people say that Venus is the twin sister of the earth. Indeed, from the structural point of view, Venus and the Earth have many similarities. Venus has a radius of about 6,073 kilometers, only 300 kilometers smaller than radius of the earth, its volume is 0.88 times that of the Earth, and its mass is 4/5 of that of the Earth. The average density is slightly less than that of the earth. But the environment between them is very different: the surface temperature of Venus is very high and there is no liquid water. Coupled with cruel natural conditions such as extremely high atmospheric pressure and severe hypoxia, Venus cannot have any life. So Venus and the Earth are just sisters.

There is a dense atmosphere and clouds around Venus. These clouds cast a mysterious veil on the surface of Venus. Only with the help of radio telescopes can we cross this atmosphere and see the true face of Venus. In the atmosphere of Venus, carbon dioxide is the most, accounting for more than 97%. At the same time, there is a layer of concentrated sulfuric acid with a thickness of 20 to 30 kilometers. The surface temperature of Venus is as high as 465 to 485 degrees, and the atmospheric pressure is about 90 times that of the Earth.

Venus's rotation is very special. It is the only big planet in the solar system that rotates in the opposite direction. Its rotation direction is opposite to that of other planets, from east to west. Therefore, on Venus, the sun rises in the west and sets in the east. Venus's orbit around the sun is an ellipse that is very close to a perfect circle and coincides with the ecliptic plane. Its revolution speed is about 35 kilometers per second, and that of period of revolution is about 224.70 days. But its rotation period is 243 days, which means that Venus' rotation sidereal day is getting longer every day. However, according to the earth's standards, if one day is counted from one sunrise to the next, one day on Venus is far less than 243 days. This is because Venus rotates in the opposite direction; On Venus, the sunrise is in the west and the sunset is in the east. The alternation of day and night from one sunrise to the next is only 1 16.75 days on earth.

Venus reversal may have been caused by Venus colliding with other asteroids a long time ago, but it has not been confirmed yet. In addition to this unusual retrograde, Venus is a little unusual. Venus' rotation period and orbit are synchronized, so that when the two planets are closest, Venus always faces the earth with the same face (once every 5.00438+0 Venus days). This may be the result of tidal locking's action-when the two planets are close enough, tidal force will affect the rotation of Venus. Of course, it may just be a coincidence.