Examination questions in Su Shi's common sense of literature

Su Shi's literary knowledge 1. On Su Shi's Literary Common Sense

One of the representative poets in Song Dynasty who integrated Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism.

Second, it is called "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian and "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji.

Third, with Su Xun and Su Zhe, they are also called "Three Sus".

Fourth, it is also called "Song Sijia" with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang; Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan and Chao He, writers of the Northern Song Dynasty, were all trained, rewarded and recommended by him, so they were called the Four Bachelor of Sumen.

Five, the author of "strategy" five.

6. The author has six articles, namely "Selecting a Hundred Officials as a Class" and "Selecting a Peace for All People".

Seven. His poems include Seven Chapters of Dongpo.

Eight, Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, Su Xun, Su Zhe, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Song Dynasty.

"Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties"

Nine, once said, "If you argue with words, you will lose in nine cases out of ten."

X. Author of Ten Years of Life and Death

See if it's okay? I don't think this kind of question is usually very strict. I hope you can use it.

2. Su Shi's literary knowledge

Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.

The word Zizhan, also known as He Zhong, is called Dongpo lay man. Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan).

Together with their father Su Xun and brother Su Zhe, they are called Su San. He is an all-rounder in literature and art.

His writing style, Wang Yang, is unrestrained and fluent, and he is also called Ou Su with Ouyang Xiu, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. His poems are fresh and vigorous, and he is good at using exaggerated metaphors. He has a unique style in artistic expression, and is called Su Huang with Huang Tingjian. Bold ci school has a great influence on later generations, and it is called Su Xin with Xin Qiji; Calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, and it can be innovative. Writing with a pen is ups and downs, full of childlike interest. And Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang are also called Song Sijia. Painting, like literature, I like to be a strange stone. On painting, I advocate similarity. Poems include "Seven Chapters of Dongpo" and "Dongpo Yuefu".

3. Su Dongpo's literary knowledge

Su Shi (103765438+1October 8-1August 24), with the word Zizhan and the word Hezhong, was called "Dongpo layman" by the world.

Han nationality, from Luancheng, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan, Meishan City, Northern Song Dynasty). A famous writer, painter, poet and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and a representative of the unrestrained poets.

His poetry, ci, fu and prose all have high achievements, and he is good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of literature and art in China, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in the history of China for thousands of years. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are also called Su Huang; Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; Calligraphy is listed as one of the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su, Huang, Mi and Cai. His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting.

4. Literature Common Sense Su Shi's Ci

There are more than 340 poems written by Su Shi, which break through the narrow theme of writing about love and parting between men and women and have a wide range of social contents. Su Shi occupies a special position in the history of China Ci. He extended the spirit of the poetry innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty to the field of ci, swept away the traditional style of ci since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, created a wild school that kept pace with the graceful school, expanded the theme of ci, enriched the artistic conception of ci, broke through the boundary between poetry and poetry, and made great contributions to the innovative development of ci. His representative works include Nian Nujiao and Shuidiao Tou, which created the first example of unconstrained ci, and was also called "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji. Liu Chenweng said in the preface to Xinjiaxuan: "Ci is broad and aboveboard, like poetry, prose and wonders of heaven and earth."

1 July, 079, Su Shi took office in Huzhou, was convicted and imprisoned for Wutai Poetry, and was exiled to Huangzhou in the following year1month. Before the poem case happened, Su Shi had served as a judge in Hangzhou in 107 1 and had outstanding achievements. Generally speaking, his poetry works are free and easy in the desert, but in content, they mostly point to official life to express political pride. After the poetry case, although there were times when I was a bachelor of official Hanlin, there were few bold and unrestrained embarrassment in my works, but more and more people turned to the understanding of nature and life. As for living in Danzhou, Huizhou in his later years, his indifferent and broad-minded state of mind is even more obvious. As soon as he inherited the style of Huangzhou's works, he converged all his life, and I moved things freely to achieve a suddenly quiet environment.

Taking Wutai Poetry Case as the boundary, Su Shi's poetry works have both inheritance and obvious differences in creation. Behind the "going home" complex throughout, people can see that the poet's brush strokes gradually turned to the helplessness of middle age and the broadmindedness of old age-getting older and more mature, and getting more and more dull.

First of all, in terms of subject matter, Su Shi's early works mainly reflect his "specific political worries", while his later works mainly focus on his "broad life worries", taking evil as his enemy. When it comes to evil, he is "like a fly in Taiwan Province, spit it out". His flowing works triggered the Wutai poetry case. Huangzhou's relegated life made him "ironic and cruel, sharp in writing style, nervous and angry, all of which disappeared and replaced by a brilliant, warm, kind, tolerant and harmonious understanding." Very sweet, very mature, very thorough and deep. "

Secondly, culturally, Confucianism was advocated in the early stage and Taoism in the later stage.

In the early stage, he had a sense of social responsibility advocated by Confucianism and was deeply concerned about the sufferings of the people; Later, especially after being demoted twice, he advocated Taoist culture more and returned to Buddhism in an attempt to get rid of religion. Inspired by Buddhism's "normal mind is the Tao", he lived a real peasant life in Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou, and enjoyed it.

Thirdly, in style, the previous works are magnificent and unrestrained, like a flood bursting its banks and spilling thousands of miles; Later works are ethereal and meaningful, simple and light, such as Deep Willow and White Pear Flower.

As far as ci is concerned, there are not many works that really belong to the bold style. According to Mr. Zhu Jinghua's statistics, similar works accounted for about one-tenth of all Su Shi's poems, and most of them were concentrated in Xuzhou, Mizhou, which was the mainstream of creation at that time. Although these works are not dominant in quantity, they truly reflect Su Shi's positive attitude towards being an official at that time. Some later works have both the style of local people's feelings and the charm of hospitality. For example, it is almost all-encompassing, colorful and lyrical, remembering the scenery, nostalgic feelings, giving gifts away, pastoral scenery and talking about Zen. This part accounts for about nine times out of ten of Su Shi's whole poems, and it is full of Zhuangzi, which turned into a butterfly and I forgot everything. At this point, he expelled all dissatisfaction with reality and politics, hysterical rants, and criticisms that criticized the shortcomings of the times. Its subject matter is more and more extensive, and its style is more and more plain and far-reaching.

Su Shi's ci style can be divided into three categories:

First, the bold style.

This is the ideal style that Su Shi deliberately pursues. He is full, passionate and even slightly sad, and writes characters to win with generous and heroic images and magnificent scenes.

Second, the broad-minded style.

This is a sentence that best represents Su Shi's thought and personality, expressing the poet's desire to live in seclusion, avoid troubled times and look forward to peace.

Third, elegant style.

The number of Su Shi's graceful words accounts for an absolute proportion in his total number of words. These words are pure and profound in feelings and healthy and lofty in style, and they are also the inheritance and development of traditional graceful words.

5. Jiang Sushi's literary knowledge

Two people have been dead for a lifetime, isolated for ten years, and there is no news. I don't miss it, but I will never forget it. His wife's lonely grave is thousands of miles away, and there is no place to talk to her about her bleak situation. Even if we meet, I don't expect to know each other, because I'm running around, dusty and cold.

Ten years of life and death are two boundless, disapproving and unforgettable. A lonely grave thousands of miles away, desolate and nowhere to talk about. Even if we don't know each other, our faces are dusty and our temples are frosty.

In the evening, I suddenly returned to my hometown in a vague dream, only to see my wife dressing at the small window. They looked at each other in silence, only a thousand lines of tears. It is expected that the moon will shine on the grave hill with small pine trees at night in the place where the heart is broken every year.

When night came, my dream suddenly came home. Xiao Xuan window, dressing up; Care for each other without words, only tears thousands of lines are expected to break the heart, and the moon and night are short and loose. 1) Mao Yi: A.D. 1075, the eighth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty.

(2) Ten years: refers to ten years after the death of his wife Wang Fu.

(3) think: miss. "Quantity" should be read as liáng flat sound according to the beat.

(4) A thousand miles: Meishan, Sichuan, where Wang Fu was buried, is far from Mizhou, Shandong, where Su Shi was appointed, so it is called "a thousand miles".

(5) The solitary grave: Meng Jie's "Five Poems of Clever Differentiation" contains a poem presented by Zhang Qikong: "If you want to know the heartbroken place, the bright moon shines on the solitary grave." The tomb of his wife Wang.

(6) "dusty face" describes being old and haggard.

(7) Dreams: Dreams are vague, so clouds dream.

(8) Xiao Xuan window: refers to the window of a small room, entrance: doors and windows.

(9) look.

(10) On the moonlit night, short Matsuoka: the place where Su Shi buried his wife, short Mazu: short Mazu.

6. Common sense of literature

"The guest also know her husband hidden? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Beggars will see from their own changes that heaven and earth can't be in an instant. If we look at it from its unchanging point of view, then things are infinite to me, but why envy them? Between heaven and earth, everything has its own master. If it's not mine, it's a dime. Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains. Ears hear sounds, eyes see colors. It is an inexhaustible treasure of the creator (zàng), and my son and I are suitable (SHI). "

Do you know water and the moon? (River water) always flows, but does not flow away; The moon is always round and round, but it doesn't increase or decrease after all. If we look at them from the changing side, then everything between heaven and earth has changed in less than a blink of an eye; If from their unchanging side, everything is as eternal as ours, what do we envy them? Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner. If I don't have everything, I can't even get a little bit. Only the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains become sounds to the ears and scenery to the eyes. No one can ban them and use them endlessly. This is the endless treasure of nature, and I can share it with you. "

That is, an open-minded view of the world and life. He is in favor of looking at the problem from multiple angles, but he does not absolutize it. Therefore, he can maintain an open-minded, detached, optimistic and adaptive mental state in adversity, get rid of the uncertainty of life and treat life rationally. Then, the author further explains that everything in the world has its own owner, and individuals can't force it. He enjoys himself, but he also has a feeling of not being happy with things and not being sad for himself.

7. Common sense of literature in the examination of literary societies

Common sense of literature 1. The first poetess was Cai Yan (Wen Xi) 2. The first biographical history: Historical Records 3. The first dictionary is Er Ya 4. The first encyclopedia is: Yongle Dadian 5. The first book of poetry is: Book of Songs 6. The first anthology is: the seventh volume of Zhao Ming Anthology. The first dictionary is Shuo. 10. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese: Search Ji Shen 1 1. The first recorded book: The Analects of Confucius 12. The first chronicle book is: Chunqiu 13. The first chronological history: Han dynasty 14. The first soldier.

Sima Xiangru 16. Yuefu Shuang Bao: Mulan word Peacock flies southeast, Yin Jia.

17. The Double Treasure of History: Historical Records as a Mirror 18. Two beats: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu) 19. Da Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu 20. The Gemini of China's Modern Literature: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo 2 1. Three immortals Three biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period: Zuo Zhuan Yang Gongzhuan Gu Liangzhuan 24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Shang Tang and Duke Zhou. Sanshan: Penglai abbot Yingzhou 26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 27. Sangong: Zhou, Sima Situ was in the Western Han Dynasty, and the Prime Minister was Tai Wei, an ancient scholar, and Ming. Tai Shi Tai Fu Tai Bao 28. Three Cao Cao: the twenty-ninth Cao Cao and Cao Pi. Third Hospital of Public Security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao 30. Jiangnan Sangu Building: Yueyang Tower, Wuchang Yellow Crane Tower, Hunan 3 1. Three friends in cold years: Song 32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng, Jing 33. Three elements in scientific research: after having obtained the township entrance examination, taking the senior high school entrance examination, palace examination and Zi. Top scholar) 34. The court exam is three ding Jia: the top 35. Three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Chinese Painting. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening (Feng Menglong) 37. Three Confucian Classics: Zhou's Book of Rites 38. Sanzang: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan, Tongguan official 39. Three Farewells: Newly married, don't be old, don't be homeless. Flower 4 1 in Tang Di, Guo Xiang. Mao Dun's trilogy "Erosion": disillusionment shakes the pursuit of the countryside trilogy: the harvest of spring silkworms in autumn and winter is still 42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of Love: Fog, Rain and Electricity Trilogy of Riptide: Home, Spring and Autumn 43. First national history: Mandarin 44. The first album to record the words and deeds of counselors and consultants: National Policy. 46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan. The first narrative poem: Peacock Flying Southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words) 48. The first monograph on literary criticism: Canon? Thesis (Cao Pi) 49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming 50. The first monograph on literary theory and criticism: Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long in the Southern and Northern Dynasties 5 1. The first monograph on poetic theory and criticism: Zhong Rong's Poems in the Southern and Northern Dynasties 52. The first popular science work, a notebook comprehensive academic work —— On the Notes of Meng Qian by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty, page 53. The first diary travel notes: the travel notes of Xu Hongzu and Xu Xiake in Ming Dynasty 54. The first poetess, also known as "one pronoun family": Li Qingzhao's literary knowledge (2) 1. China's first satirical novel: The Scholars II. China comes first.

3. China's first collection of short stories in classical Chinese created by individuals: Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. 4. The first short story in the history of China's new literature is Diary of a Madman. The first writer who opened up the "Fairy Tale Garden" was Ye Shengtao. 6. China's first romantic fairy tale: Journey to the West. 7. The first reportage work is: (Xia Yan) Bonded Labor. 8. The first person in New China won the title of "People's Artist". Longxugou 9. The two outstanding schools in the pre-Qin period were Confucianism and Mohism 10. The two representatives of Confucianism are: Kong Qiu and Mencius, who are regarded as the most holy and the less holy respectively. 1 1. During the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years of the Tang Dynasty, there appeared two schools of frontier fortress ci, represented by Gao Shi and Cen Can, and frontier fortress ci represented by Wang Wei and Meng Zi. The former is bold and bold, while the latter is simple and simple. Song ci is usually divided into two schools: bold and graceful.

The former is represented by Su Shi and Xin Qiji, while the latter is represented by Liu Yong, Zhou Bangyan and Li Qingzhao. 13. Two banners held high by the May 4th New Culture Movement: opposing old ethics, advocating new morality, opposing old literature and advocating new literature 14. Diaries of Two Madmen >:> The authors are: Russian Nikolai Gogol and China Lu Xun 15. There are two great epics in world literature: Iliad Odyssey 16. The three treasures of Buddhism are: Buddhism (I know a lot), Buddhism (the teachings of the Buddha) and monks (the people who inherit or preach the teachings) 17. Three from four virtues, three from the father: marry from the husband.

The third Geng day in summer is the first day of the first stay, the fourth Geng day is the first day of the intermediate stay, and the first Geng day after the autumn festival is the first day of the last stay. The first stay is ten days, the last stay is ten days, and the middle stay is ten days and twenty days.

19. Three cardinal guides and five permanent members: Three cardinal guides: the father is the son, the group is the minister and the husband is the wife. The five permanent members: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. 20. Three aunts and six grandmothers: nuns, goddesses and six grandmothers: matchmakers, grandmothers, goddesses and midwives, 2 1. Three Emperors and Five Emperors: Huang San and Fuxi. Liu: Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Mo Ming, miscellaneous farmers. 23. Three Mountains and Five Mountains: Sanxian Mountain in the East China Sea: Yingzhou, Penglai and Abbot; Wuyue: Dongyue Taishan Nanyue Hengshan Xiyue Huashan Beiyue Hengshan Zhongyue Songshan 24. Three natures: cattle, sheep and pigs are sacrificed (too prison) (less prison without cattle) 25. Three unification: the principle of drama creation formulated by European classical generalized drama theorists is the consistency of place, time and plot. 26. Samoan Buddhism: Stop worrying and focus on one situation.

(One of the methods of practice) 27. Buddhist Sanzang: It is always said that the fundamental doctrine is scripture, discipline is dharma, and doctrine is reason (those who know Sanzang are called Sanzang) 28. Three provinces and six departments: three provinces: Zhongshu Province (decision-making), Xiamen Province (deliberation), Shangshu Province (execution), and six departments: officials, owners, soldiers and criminals. Su San: Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe.