Fortune Telling Collection - Zodiac Guide - General knowledge of junior high school literature ~ ~ ~
General knowledge of junior high school literature ~ ~ ~
First, the historical stages of China ancient literature and the main literary styles of each period.
(1) ancient times; Myths and Legends (2) Pre-Qin Period: Prose (historical prose, various schools of thought prose)
(3) Han Dynasty: historical prose of Yuefu folk songs (4) Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: poetry, etc.
(5) Tang Dynasty: Poetry (6) Song Dynasty: Ci
(7) Yuan Dynasty: Qu (8) Ming and Qing Dynasties: Novels,
Second, ancient myths and legends.
(1) The so-called myth is a collective oral creation of ancient people to explain and describe the artistic significance of the natural and social phenomena they came into contact with.
(2) the main contents of ancient myths are:
A. Explain natural phenomena: Goddess fills the sky, Nu Wa creates man, and Pangu opens the sky.
B, reflecting the struggle between man and nature: Yu manages water, Hou Yi shoots the sun, and Jing Wei fills the sea.
C, reflecting the social struggle: The Yellow Emperor fought against Chiyou.
(3) Main works recording ancient myths: Huai Nan Zi, Shan Hai Jing, Zhuangzi, etc.
Third, the pre-Qin period: prose (historical prose, various schools of thought prose, poetry)
First, Confucian classics.
The Five Classics refer to The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Yijing and Chunqiu.
Six Classics, also known as Six Arts, is added after Five Classics (Music).
"Four Books" refers to the Analects of Confucius, Mencius, the University and the Doctrine of the Mean.
B. historical prose. Zuo zhuan, warring states policy and mandarin.
Sanqiu in the Spring and Autumn Period, Zuo Zhuan, Gu Liang Zhuan and Ram Zhuan.
C. hundreds of essays. Famous are:
(1). Laozi, Li Er, Zi Yong (dān), founder of Taoist school, and author of Tao Te Ching.
(2) Confucius' famous mound, the word Zhong Ni. He is the founder of Confucianism. The Analects of Confucius is a book in which Confucius disciples record the words and deeds of Confucius and his students.
③ Mozi Ming Zhai (dí), the founder of Mohism. Mozi 53 articles.
4. Meng Zi's name is Yu Zi. The successor of Confucian school. Mencius is a book in which Mencius students record Mencius' words and deeds. More help, less help. Born in sorrow, died in happiness, Bao Zhuang met Mencius, and I wanted what I wanted.
⑤. Zhuangzi, named Zhou, was a Taoist priest during the Warring States Period. Write Zhuangzi. My skills in solving cattle
6. Xunzi, a Confucian during the Warring States Period, wrote 32 Xunzi articles. Encourage learning.
⑦。 Han Feizi, a legalist. Everything is wrong. Bian Que meets Cai Huangong, Five Mistakes, Naoko Doubts Neighbors.
⑧ Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, also known as Lu Lan, is a collective creation of Prime Minister Qin and his disciples. Check in.
⑨。 Li Si's representative work is the essay "The Order of Expelling Guests".
Fourth, pre-Qin poetry
(1). The Book of Songs. The Book of Songs is China's first collection of poems, with 305 pieces in total, which are divided into three categories: style, elegance and ode. Wind is a folk song, elegance is a music song, and ode is a sacrifice song. The performance of The Book of Songs is Bi Xing Fu. Comparison is metaphor, not comparison with other things. Xing, say something else first, in order to cause words, fu, straight.
(2) Songs of the South. Liu Xiang, a scholar in the Western Han Dynasty, edited the works of Qu Yuan, Song Yu and others into a book, and named it Chu Ci. Qu Yuan (before 340? -Top 277? Ping Ming, a great patriotic poet in China, was a left disciple in Chu State, such as Dr. San Lv. His representative works include Li Sao, Nine Songs and Nine Chapters.
Fourth, the historical prose of Yuefu folk songs in Han Dynasty
A. Prose of Han Dynasty
(1) Jia Yi, known as Jia Sheng. Also known as Jia Changsha, Jia Taifu. The author of the ten-volume New Book. "On Qin" and "On Accumulation and Sparse Storage" are his representative works.
② Sima Qian, with a long word, was a great historian and writer. The book "Historical Records" pioneered the "biographical style", which is divided into biographies, aristocratic families, biographies, famous watches and books.
Lu Xun called "Historical Records" "A historian's swan song, leaving Sao without rhyme".
(3) Ban Gu's Hanshu and Liu Xiang's Warring States Policy are both famous in history.
B. Yuefu folk songs and fu. Music, folk music; Government, official office. Yuefu was originally a poem collected by the music authorities in the Han Dynasty. Peacock Flying Southeast is the peak of Yuefu narrative development in Han Dynasty. It was first seen in the New Yutai Fu compiled by Xu Ling in the Southern Dynasties. Fu is a synthesis of China's ancient poetry and prose. Sima Xiangru's son Xu Fu and Shang Fulin. Jia Yi's ode to Qu Yuan is very famous.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) literature in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
1. Poetry and Prose in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
1 "Three Caos". "Three Caos" are Cao Shi's father and son Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi. Cao Cao's view of the sea, Cao Pi's vast journey, Cao Zhi's famous white horse and Luo Shenfu are all famous.
② "Jian 'an Seven Sons". Kong Rong, Chen Lin, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Angelababy, Liu Zhen.
③ Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest. Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Dan Tao, Liu Ling, Wang Rong, Xiang Xiu and Liu Xian.
(4) Tao Yuanming, whose real name is Qian and whose word is Ming, is known as Mr. Jingjie. Peach Blossom Garden, returning home, returning to the garden and drinking are all masterpieces handed down from generation to generation.
⑤ Besides, Zhuge Liang's Model, Ye Fan's History of the Later Han Dynasty, Chen Shou's History of the Three Kingdoms, Wang Xizhi's Preface to the Lanting Pavilion, Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long and Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics all go down in history.
2. Novels of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
(1) Mysterious novels are represented by Gan Bao's Search for Ji Shen. Mo Xie.
② Anecdotal novels are represented by Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu. Zhou Chu.
6. Tang literature
1. Tang poetry
① "Four Great Masters in Early Tang Dynasty": Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo. Wang Bo's Send Du Shaofu to Ren Shuchuan and Preface to Wang Tengting are both famous.
② Poet Li Bai, poet Du Fu and people's poet Bai Juyi. Li Bai, whose word is too white, is called a violet layman. Li Bai is a great romantic poet. His representative works include Entering Wine, Difficult Road to Shu, Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu, Song of Autumn Pu, Poem on a Quiet Night, Gift to Wang Lun, etc. Li Taibai's collection. Du Fu, also known as Du Gongbu, was a great realistic poet. His representative works include Three Officials (Tongguan Officer, Shihao Officer and Xin 'an Officer), Three Farewells (Homelessness, Resignation and Wedding), Northern Expedition, Military Vehicle Shop, Cottage Broken by Autumn Wind, etc. Bai Juyi, the word Lotte, is a famous Buddhist in Xiangshan. Bai Taifu and Bai Juyi, who are known as the White Xiangshan Mountain, advocate that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written". Famous works "Song of Eternal Sorrow" and "Pipa Travel".
③ Landscape poets Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. Wang is a great poet and a famous "painter and musician"; People say that he "has pictures in his poems and poems in his paintings". His representative works include Embattled, Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains and so on. Meng Haoran is a close friend of Wang Wei, and his masterpiece is Passing by the Old People's Village.
(4) "Frontier poets" Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling and Wang Zhihuan. Ge Yanxing, Cen Can, Bai Xuege by Gao Shi, A Send-off from the Furong Building by Wang Changling and In the Heron Building by Wang Zhihuan are all famous works.
5 "Little Du Li". Li Shangyin and Du Mu are the authors of Fan Chuan's collected works.
⑥ "Three Li in Poetry" Comrade Mao Zedong's favorite masterpiece is Wild Goose Gate, and the "Three Li in Poetry" are Li Bai, Li Shangyin and Li He.
2. Prose in Tang Dynasty.
1 Han Yu. Han Yu, the word back, is named Changli, also known as the Korean official department. Han Yu was the leader of the "ancient prose movement" in the Tang Dynasty, and he wrote "Collected Works of Mr. Changli".
(2) Liu Zongyuan, thick word, also known as Liu Hedong. He is the author of the famous Eight Records of Yongzhou and the East Collection of Liuhe.
3. Legends of the Tang Dynasty. Chen Hong's Song of Eternal Sorrow and Li's Biography of Liu Yi are both mature classical Chinese novels.
Seven. the literature in the song dynasty
1. Song Ci and Song Poetry
(1) The unrestrained school of Song poetry represented by Su Xin. Su Shi, Zi Zizhan, Dongpo lay man, poetry and calligraphy all made achievements. With his father Su Xun and his brother Su Zhe, they are also called "Three Sus". Author of Su Dongpo's anthology. Xin Qiji, whose real name is You 'an, is Jia Xuan and is the author of Jia Longxuan and Short Sentences.
② The graceful school of Song poetry represented by Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao, Jiang Kui and others. Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao, Jiang Kui.
(3) The great patriotic poet Lu You and the great national hero Wen Tianxiang. Lu Guan, No.1, is the author of "The Poems of Jian Nan". Wen Tianxiang, whose real name is Song Rui and whose name is Wenshan, is the author of Complete Works of Wenshan, Song Zhengqi and Crossing the Lingdingyang.
2. Prose in Song Dynasty
(1) The famous "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". The eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties were Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi and Ceng Gong.
(2) Fan Zhongyan, Greek, posthumous title. Yueyang Tower is a masterpiece through the ages.
3. Song script. Stories are the foundation of "talking" artists. Well-known stories include The Legacy of Xuanhe in the Great Song Dynasty (with Water Margin attached) and The Story of the Three Kingdoms (later evolved into The Romance of the Three Kingdoms).
Eight. Yuan dynasty literature
1.
(1) Bai Pu, whose masterpiece is The Wall on the Horse (2) Guan Hanqing, whose number has been borrowed, whose masterpiece is Dou Eyuan.
(3) Ma Zhiyuan, the representative work of Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty, and Zheng Guangzu, the representative work of Away from the Soul.
2. Six of the Ten Tragedies.
Guan Hanqing's The Short Moth; The orphan Zhao; Bai Pu's Phoenix Rain; Ma Zhiyuan's Autumn of the Han Palace; The Palace of Eternal Life by Hong Sheng; Kong's Peach Blossom Fan; Besides Feng Menglong's loyal soul; Meng Chengshun's Jiao Hong Ji; And Li Yu's loyalty spectrum.
3. Wang Shifu and His The West Chamber. Master Wang is sincere. The theme of The West Chamber is to oppose feudal ethics and pursue marriage, love and happiness.
Nine. Ming and Qing literature
1, Ming and Qing novels
(1) Zhang Hui's novels and the "Four Wonder Books" in Ming Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, The Water Margin and The Journey to the West's Jin Ping Mei were called four wonderful books. The author of Jin Ping Mei is Lan, which reflects the social reality in the middle of Ming Dynasty.
The great realistic novel A Dream of Red Mansions, with the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu as the clue, describes the rise and fall history of Jia, Shi, Wang and Guo, and reflects the decline of feudal society. Author Cao Xueqin, No. Xiqin Qingpu. Novelists in Qing Dynasty.
③ In addition, Sanyan by Feng Menglong in Ming Dynasty (Yu Shiming Yan, Yan, Xing Yan), Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio by Pu Songling in Qing Dynasty, Scholars by Wu in Qing Dynasty, Travel Notes of Lao Can by Liu E in Qing Dynasty, Experiences of Wu Woyao in Twenty Years, and Records of Officialdom in the Present Situation by Li.
2. Poetry in Ming and Qing Dynasties
1. Ming dynasty. Liu Ji's "Sincerity Collection" is the author's blog post, and "songji" is the author's word Jinglian; Xu Hongzu is a chivalrous man. He is the author of Xu Xiake's Travels. Zhang Pu, a Chinese character, is the author of Qi Lu Zhai Ji.
2. Qing dynasty. Gu is the author of Records of the Day. The author of The Complete Works of Fang is the originator of Tongcheng School. Yao Nai is a great essayist of Tongcheng School. Book "Xi Bao Xuan Poetry Collection". Yuan Mei, a gifted scholar, is known as the old man with the garden, and is the author of Poems of Fang Shan in Kokura and Poems with the Garden.
X. modern literature (1840- 19 18)
Liang Qichao, whose real name is Zhuo Ru, is a public man, and he is the author of "Collected Works of Drinking Ice Room".
Wang Guowei, a modern scholar, is the author of "thorns on earth".
Lin Juemin, whose word means hole, wrote a famous book with his wife.
Xi。 Modern literature (19 19- 1949)
1. Modern novels
Lu Xun: Originally named Zhou Shuren and Cai Yu, he wrote the novel Scream (including Diary of a Madman, Medicine, The True Story of Ah Q, Hometown, etc.). ) and hesitation (including blessing, regret for the past, etc. ).
Mao Dun: Originally named Shen Dehong, Yan Bing. His masterpiece Midnight and the rural trilogy Spring Silkworm, Autumn Harvest and Residual Winter.
Ba Jin: Formerly known as Li Yaotang, Zi Gan, his main works are Riptide Trilogy, Home, Spring and Autumn.
Lao She: Formerly known as Shu Qingchun, she Yu. His main works are Camel Xiangzi, Four Generations under One Family, Crescent Moon, Longxugou, Teahouse after Liberation and so on. In addition, Ye Shengtao's Ni Huanzhi, Qian Zhongshu's Fortress Besieged, Shen Congwen's Border Town and Yu Dafu's Sinking are all famous works.
2. Modern Poetry, Prose and Drama
Guo Moruo: Formerly known as Guo Kaizhen. Its representative is the poetry collection Goddess. Later, he wrote plays such as Qu Yuan, Khufu and Gao Jian Li. Cao Yu's Peking Man, Sunrise, Wang Zhaojun and other famous works, Thunderstorm is an outstanding realistic tragedy. In addition, there are Xia Yan's Contractor, Zhu Ziqing's Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, Bing Xin's Send a Little Reader, Little Orange Lantern, Ai Qing's Dayan River, My Nanny and Lu Xun's Morning Flowers.
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