On a summer night, the shining Polaris

Twinkling stars, little stars all over the sky?

Hanging in the sky like many small eyes?

Summer night, the sky is high and the clouds are light, which is most suitable for looking up at the stars shining.

For us who live in the northern hemisphere, we face the center of the Milky Way in summer and the edge of the Milky Way in winter. Although the Milky Way is composed of many stars, they are roughly distributed in a "round cake" shape with a thick middle and a thin periphery, so there are the most stars in the northern hemisphere in summer.

So how to look at the starry sky? We must first distinguish between north and south. Generally, the sky is divided into southern sky and northern sky with the celestial equator as the boundary.

The intersection of the earth's equator and the celestial sphere is a great circle, which is called the "celestial equator".

People in the northern hemisphere can certainly see the whole sky in the northern hemisphere, but they can't see the whole sky in the southern hemisphere. Due to the rotation of the earth, the whole sky turns from east to west.

As long as the latitude is different, the stars you see are different. You see the same stars at the same latitude. The closer you are to the poles, the fewer stars you can see. You can see all the stars on the equator.

In ancient times, people used imagination to connect the scattered stars in the sky in order to identify the orientation and observe the astronomical phenomena during navigation, and named them according to the myths and shapes of ancient civilizations.

Constellation is a means to determine the orientation of the sky in almost all civilizations and is widely used in the field of navigation. Different civilizations have different divisions and names.

1928, in order to unify the complicated constellation division, the International Astronomical Union divided the sky into 88 constellations with precise boundaries, so that every star in the sky belongs to a specific constellation.

The twelve constellations in astrology, also known as the zodiac, are the twelve regions where the sun passes through the zodiac on the celestial sphere.

From June to August in summer, you can see Libra, Scorpio and Sagittarius in the zodiac.

Look for some stars in the night sky and you can find their constellations.

At eight or nine o'clock in the summer night, the brightest star in the southeast is Vega, the fifth brightest star on earth except the sun, located in Lyra. There is a bright star on Vega's right, which is Altair of Aquila.

The bright star on Vega's left is Tianjin IV in Cygnus. Connecting these three stars is a right triangle, which is a very important symbol of the summer night sky, also known as the summer triangle.

The direction of the sky corresponds to the ground, the east of the ground corresponds to the east of the sky, the west corresponds to the west, the south corresponds to the south, and the north corresponds to the north.

Facing the South Station in summer night, you can see the Polaris in the sky map when you look up, and you can also find the bright Big Dipper at the zenith (that is, looking up at 90 degrees). They are in Ursa Major. Once the Big Dipper is determined, you can look for other constellations in turn.

Follow the direction of the yellow arrow and find a brighter star, that is the North Star. Polaris is on the tip of the bear's tail in Ursa minor.

Polaris is a very important indicator of field activities and ancient navigation direction, and people on earth have also relied on its starlight to navigate for thousands of years. If you find the North Star, it will be easier to find other stars.

At eight or nine o'clock in the evening in summer, facing south, at an altitude of about 40 degrees, it is easy to see an orange bright star, which is the antares representing Scorpio. Scorpio, the southernmost constellation of the zodiac, has a wide range and many stars. It is the most striking constellation in the summer sky in the northern hemisphere.

On the right side of Scorpio, you can find four stars to form a cross or quadrilateral, which is Libra.

Taking Scorpio as the center, on its left side, you can find six stars with characteristics very similar to the Big Dipper, that is, the legendary birthday star that can make people live a hundred years-Nandou Six Stars, that is, Sagittarius.

The stars twinkle, but the planets don't. Planets are much brighter than the stars near the ecliptic. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn can all be seen in summer.

When the sun sets at dusk and the weather is clear, a bright star will appear in the southwest. The earliest and very bright, this is Venus. From the earth's point of view, Venus is much brighter than Jupiter. Venus is the brightest star in the sky, usually five times brighter than Jupiter.

Twinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I want to know what you are?

Summer night, we go to the wilderness, to the seaside, looking up at the starry sky, beautiful and mysterious stars are calling us!