Introduction of messier nebula table

Messier (1730.6.26-1817.4.12) was born in Lorraine. He took the lead in compiling a systematic catalog of nebulae and star clusters, which is the first detailed and accurate catalog of celestial bodies and a milestone in the history of deep space celestial observation. 175 1 year, messier was a famous French astronomer J.N. Delil's astronomical observation draftsman and recorder. He is the first person in France to observe Halley's Comet and is expected to return in 1758- 1759. Since then, messier has become an enthusiastic seeker of new comets. At that time, he used a 2.5-3.5-inch refractive telescope and a 7.5-inch reflective telescope.

Messier discovered 15 comet independently, and observed many other comets. 1760, he began to compile a list of nebulae in order to better distinguish more than 100 fuzzy deep-space objects from comets in the sky. These objects are not just planets, but vague nebulae and objects that look like nebulae. In his time, most of these celestial bodies were ignored except comets. In modern astronomy, the mechanics, gas dynamics and evolution of galaxies, nebulae and star clusters are all important research topics. All celestial bodies in the messier catalog are only representative celestial bodies that we observe and study now. Until now, many of the most famous nebulae are still called the numbers in the messier Nebula Cluster Table. Messier nebula is the brightest nebula in the night sky. These nebulae, star clusters and galaxies can all be observed with small telescopes, especially the best observation targets for amateurs and the best objects for testing telescopes.

Messier Nebula Table:No. NGC Right ascension, declination and apparent distance (light years) Constellation type Note M1952 05h34.5m+2201'6' x4' 8.67200 Taurus Diffuse Nebula Crab Nebula, supernova remnant, large aperture, only pale spots M270 can be seen. H 33.5M-00 49' 12' 6.9 400 can distinguish between single satellite M3527213H42.2m+2823'19' 6.9 35000 and single satellite M4 612/Kloc-0. +0' 23' 7. 1 14000 Scorpio globular cluster is large and loose, with dark M5 590415h18.5m+0205' 20' 6.7 26000 hydra globular cluster 10cm. 38+0900 Scorpio open cluster butterfly cluster, the number of members is about 50m7 647517h54.0m-34 39' 60' 4.1800. The number of member stars in Scorpio open cluster is about 50m8 652318h03.6m-24 23' 60' x35' 6.03900 Sagittarius is diffuse. Nebula lagoon nebula, 6cm shows the cluster, and the nebula M9633317h19.2m-1831'3' 7.4 26000 Ophiuchus globular cluster m1062541. 0 The Ophiuchus globular cluster must be at least 20cm long to distinguish a single star M1167051.1m-0616'12' 6.3 56000. Kloc-0/2 6265438 A star can be distinguished by the loose m13620516H41.7m+3628' 23' 6.421000 Perseus globular cluster 10cm. 7h 37.6M .+05' 7' 9.0 47000 Ophiuchus globular cluster m65438+15438+018h18.9m-1347' 35' x2. Smaller apertures show clusters, But we can't see the nebula m17661818h20.8m-1654338m18661318h/kloc-0. -26 16' 4' 6.8 22000 Ophiuchus globular cluster M206518 h02.4m-2302' 29' x27' 6.3 3300 trifid nebula, visible crack M 21653/kloc. 8H04.7m-2230'12' 6.58' 6.310000 Sagittarius globular cluster 12- 15cm can distinguish a star M23649417h56.9m-/. 0m24 660318h18.4m-18 25' 4' 4.616,000 members of the Sagittarius open cluster are about 50025ic472518h 31.7m. There are about 50 M26 669418H45.2m-09 24' 9.3 4900 shield open clusters in 2000 Sagittarius, and about 20 M27 685319H59.6m+22 43' 8' X4' 7.6 720 Fox planetary nebula dumbbells. The number of members of the oblate M28 6626 18H24.6m-24 52' is about 20m30 7099 21h40.4m-231'6.441000 Capricorn globular cluster M3. 180' x63' 4.42100000 Andromeda nebula, a beautiful celestial body M322100h42.7m+4052' 8' x6' 9.22100000 companion galaxy M3 of Andromeda elliptical galaxy. At the southern end of M3 1 is M33 598 065438. The membership is about 60m35216806H08.8m+24 20' 40' 5.3 2600 Gemini Open Cluster 15cm, which can show the nearby NGC2 158. The number of member stars is about120m36196005h36.3m+3408'17' 6.34100. The open cluster auriga is bright and loose. The number of members is about 50m37,209905h, 53.0m-32 33' 25' 6.2 3900, and the star density of Auriga open cluster is relatively high. The number of members is about 200m38191205h28.7m+3550'18' 7.43900 auriga open cluster 15cm, which can show the nearby NGC 1907. The number of member stars is about100 m39 7092 21h32.3m+48 26' 30' 5.2830. The Cygnus open cluster is very large and needs low magnification. The number of members is about 20m40 * winnecke412h22.2m+5805'-8.0-Ursa major binary star M 41228706h47.0m-2046' 30' 5.02500. The number of members of the open cluster Canis about 50m42/kloc-0. 35.3m-05 23' 66' X60' 4.01500 Orion diffuse nebula, beautiful celestial body m431982 05h35.5m-0516' 20' x15' 9.0-. Weak circular glow M44 2632 08H40.0m+20 00' 90' 3.7 520 Cancer open cluster ghost cluster, honeycomb cluster, 15-20 times, Preferably, m45mel2203h47.5m+2407'120' x1.4410 Taurus open cluster, visible to naked eyes: the number of members of M46 2437 is about150m4727. The number of member stars is about 50m 48 2548 08h13.8m-0548' 30' 5.31500. The number of member stars in Ophiuchus open cluster is about 80m49 447212h29.8m+0800' 9' x7' 9.3400000000. A bright spot in the elliptical galaxy surrounded by weak light15cm m50 2323 07h03.0m+08 21'16' 6.9 2600 The number of stars in the unicorn open cluster is about100m515/kloc-0. 29.9m+4712'1'x8' 9.01800,000 spiral galaxy Canis, and the spiral arm symbol m52 7654 23h24.2m+6136'/is visible at 30cm. The number of member stars is about120m53502413h12.9m+1810'14' 8.3 65000. The cluster behind the ball is small and dim. 30cm can distinguish the star M54671518H55.1M-3028' 2' 7.149000 Sagittarius globular cluster M55680919H40.0m-3057'. 09000 Sagittarius globular cluster m56 677919h16.6m+301'5' 9.134000 Lyra globular cluster is similar to M53. Compared with the slightly loose m57 672018h53.6m+3302'1. '4x 1。 0 9.3 2300 Lyra planetary nebula ring nebula, 6cm shows that the ring M58 457912H37.7m+1149' 5' x4' 9.241000000 Virgo spiral galaxy faces our symmetric rod spiral galaxy M59 4621/Kloc-. Kloc-0/ 39' is accompanied by NGC4647, M 61430312H21.9m+0428' 7' x2'1041000000 Virgo spiral galaxy. +30 07' 6' 7.8 38 000 Ophiuchus globular cluster M6 3505513h15.8m+42 02'12' x8' 9.31800 000 25cm visible structural traces M6 440. +02h56.7m+2141'9' x5' 9.415000000 black-eyed galaxy 15cm visible dark dust M6 536231kloc-0//kloc-. 3 06' 8' x2' 9.9 2200000000 Leo+13 00' 9' x4' 9.7 22000000 Leo spiral galaxy and M65 are in the same sky. The appearance is similar to that of M67 2682 08H51.3m+148'17' 6.9 2700. The open cluster members of Cancer are about 80 m68 459012h39.5m+26 45'10. 46000 Ophiuchus globular cluster M69 663718H31.4m-3221'3' 7.5 24000 Sagittarius globular cluster M70 668118h43.2m-32/kloc. Kloc-0/683819H53.7m+1Only M75 6864 20H06.1M-2155' 2' 8.6 78000 Sagittarius globular cluster M76651. 6x65438+。 .28000 small dumbbell nebula of Perseus planetary nebula 15cm, long planetary nebula m77106802h42.7m-0001'7' x6' 9.5 3800000 seyfert galaxy, The spiral arm of galaxy M78 206805h46.7m+0004' 8' x6'-1600 Orion gas nebula 0-day rabbit globular cluster M80 609316h17.0m-2259' 4' 6.8 37000-day crab globular cluster m. 000000 spiral galaxy M82 3034 09h56.2m+69 42'11'x5' 9.310000000 The bright oval appearance of the Ursa major irregular galaxy is in the same sky area as M8 1. A small aperture can show the appearance of a rotating cone M83 523613h37.3m-29 52'1'x10' 8.21300,000 spiral galaxies in Ophiuchus are pale and scattered. It is difficult to see that M84437412h25.1m+1253' 5' X5'10.34100000 virgo spiral galaxy is round. The unusual M85 438212h25.4m+181'7' x4' 9.94100000 spiral galaxy in the back seat is small and bright. Unspecialized M86 440612h26.2m+1257' 8' x7' 9.200000 Virgo elliptical galaxy and M84 are in the same sky area M87 448612h30.8m+1223' 7. 0000 Virgo elliptical galaxy, a giant elliptical galaxy with jets, has the same shape seen by different telescopes M89 4552 65438 kloc-0/12h32.0m+1425' 8' x4'10.34100000 backseat. 7m+1233' 2' x2' 9.54100000 A pale circular spot M90456912h36.8m+1310' 8' x2' can be seen in the virgo spiral galaxy. 457112h35.4m+1430' 3' x2'11.641000000 backseat spiral galaxy M92 6341/. 12' 6.9 26000 is a beautiful cluster with a 5cm distinguishable star m93 2447 07h44.6m+23 53' 25' 6.03600, and the number of members of the open cluster at the stern is about 60m94 473612h50.9m+0.07'/kloc-0. +05000000 galaxy M95 335110H44.0m+142' 6' X6'10.4 290000000 Leo bar spiral galaxy M96 3368 65438+. 8m+1149' 7' x4' 9.9 29000000 Leo spiral galaxy is round, with no distinctive M97 3587114.9m+5501'3. 4x3, "3 12.0 2000 Ursa major planetary nebula, which is extremely weak, with celestial features m98419212h13.8m+1454'10. The backseat spiral galaxy with a length of M99 425412h18.8m+14 25' 5' X5'10.24100000 is round, but not particularly m100432. M101545714h03.2m+5421'27' x26' 8.21800000, a large spiral galaxy in Ursa Major, is used for sky comparison. Low power telescope m102 * 586615h06.5m+5546' 5' x2'15438 can't see the details clearly m1035810/h 33. The number of member stars is about 30m104459412h40.0m-137' 9' x4' 9.3-The dust belt m1053379/kloc-0 in the straw hat galaxy of Virgo spiral galaxy is 25cm. 2 35' 2' x2' 9.2 300000000 oblate cluster M 1 0761716h32.5m-1303' 3' 8.918. 08 3556111.6m+55 40438+0h57.7m+53 22' 7' x5'10.5-40cm Ursa major spiral galaxy m/kloc-.