Astronomical data of the big dipper

Beidou consists of Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji, Tianquan, Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang. The ancients connected these seven stars and imagined them as barrels of wine in ancient times. Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tian Ji and Tianquan are composed of Dou Shen and Gu Yue Kui. Yuheng, Kaiyang and Yaoguang are composed of bucket handle, which was called Piao in ancient times. The Big Dipper appears in different directions in the sky at different seasons and different times at night, so the ancients decided the seasons according to the direction pointed by bucket handle at the beginning of fainting: bucket handle points to the east, and the world is spring; Guide to barrel handle, it's summer in the world; Bucket handle refers to the west, and the world is autumn; Bucket handle refers to the north, and it is winter all over the world. Shu Tianxing: Ursa major, western name: Dubbeye letter: Ursa major, magnitude: 2.00 (era J2000.0). : Right ascension:1/h03m43.70s declination:+6145' 03.2 "Height: 5412' 33" Azimuth: 048 49' 5/kloc-0. Volume 1 Transshipment: 04h33m 1 1s Tian Xuan constellation: Ursa Major, West name: right ascension:11h 01m 50.49 s declination:+56 22' 56.6 "Height: 52 25' 31"Azimuth: 057/kloc-0. Transition: 04h31m18s The constellation to which the Big Dipper belongs is graphically located at the tail of Ursa Major. Five of these seven stars are secondary stars and two are tertiary stars. Through the connection of the two stars in the mouth of the bucket, it extends about 5 times in the direction of the mouth of the bucket and finds the Polaris. "Star Recognition Song" has: "Star recognition first comes from Beidou, and then starts from north to west. "Beginners can find other constellations from the Big Dipper in turn. The seven stars of Ursa Major are arranged in the shape of a spoon. The ancients attached great importance to Beidou because it can be used to identify the direction and set the season. Shu Tian, Tian Xuan, Tianji and Tian Quan are the four stars that make up the Big Dipper, and the handle-shaped three stars make up the bright and dark binary stars Yuheng, Kaiyang and Ursa major Eta respectively. The star in the center of the handle is called "Kaiyang", and there is a fourth-class companion star named "Fu" at the distance of 1 1. Kaiyang and the auxiliary star form a binary star, which can be recognized by the naked eye. Kaiyang itself is also a binary star. The position of the Big Dipper in the sky is different in different seasons. Therefore, the ancients in China determined the four seasons according to its position change. " Shi Gan: "The Big Dipper is called the Seven Houses, the prince in the sky, and the emperor's car. "The emperor sat on the Big Dipper and inspected the four directions, and it was cold and hot at four o'clock. The ancient book "Guo Guanzi" records: "Dou Dong refers to human spring; Fighting in the south and fighting in the north, the world is summer; Fighting against the west means that the world is autumn; The northern war means that the world is cold. "In ancient times, Polaris was regarded as a symbol of God, and Beidou was the imperial chariot that God drove when he toured the world. A year begins in spring, when Beidou is in the east, and God begins to patrol from the east, so it is easy. Biography: "Emperor Jing", divination is in the east. [1] Among the Big Dipper, "Yuheng" is the brightest, and its brightness is almost close to the first-class star. " Tianquan is the darkest and a third-rate star. The other five are all second-class stars. There is a small companion star named Fu near Kaiyang, which has always attracted people's attention with its beautiful and clear appearance. It is said that ancient Arabs used it as a "test star" to test soldiers' eyesight when recruiting soldiers. The Big Dipper always moves slowly in the sky. Five of the stars move in one direction at roughly the same speed, while Shu Tianhe and Yao Guang move in the opposite direction. Therefore, in the long cosmic changes, the shape of the Big Dipper will change greatly. After 654.38+ million years, we will not see this handle shape. Also known as "Beidou". Not far from the north celestial pole, seven bright stars are arranged in a barrel shape (see photo). All six stars are second-class except delta, which is a third-class star. Polaris can be found by connecting the first two stars of the Big Dipper and extending it to the mouth of the Big Dipper for about five times, which is usually used as a sign to indicate the direction and identify the constellation. Constellation analysis The following seven stars are introduced in the order of ancient astronomical names, Huang Lao Jing annotations, Taoist names, astronomical proper names and international common names: