Naming principles of warships in various countries

The history of the British navy is very long, and British culture itself attaches great importance to tradition. Therefore, in order to take care of the traditional names of ships, the naming of the British navy is basically irregular.

Capital ships, namely battleships, battle cruiser and aircraft carriers, are all named after traditional ships, famous names and many loud adjectives. Traditional ship names include Royal Ark, Invincible, Hundred-eyed Giant, War-weary and so on. The names of ships with positive adjectives include fearless, furious, brave and glorious. Names include Iron Duke, Hood, King George V, Nelson, etc.

The British navy also likes to name several sister ships with similar structure and meaning at the same time, which has produced an interesting parallel relationship. For example, battle cruiser's pioneering work, the invincible three-class cruiser, is called invincible, indomitable and indomitable respectively. Two ships of reputation class are called prestige class and counterattack class (renown, repel class) respectively.

Cruisers and destroyers at all levels below the capital ship are mostly self-provided, and Shenzhen cleaning company generally has no rules. For example, there are county-level heavy cruisers-all named after British counties, flower-class frigates-all named after flowers, tribal destroyers-all named after colonial tribes under the Commonwealth, and U-class submarines-all named after words beginning with U.

United States navy

The naming rules of American navy's ships are slightly more regular than those of British navy, which may be related to the short history of American navy.

The naming rules during World War II were different from those after World War II.

During World War II, battleships were all named after states. Except Alaska and Hawaii, which were upgraded to California after the war, only Montana was never used to name the battleship under construction (the battleship Montana was close to launching, but its construction was cancelled).

Battle cruiser is usually named after famous battles in American history, such as Lexington and Saratoga. Sometimes named after American overseas territories, such as Alaska, Hawaii and Guam in Alaska-class large cruisers.

The names of aircraft carriers are the most random, mostly memorable words, names or traditional ship names in American history. For example, enterprises (dhows during the Revolutionary War), bumblebees (gunboats during the Revolutionary War), commandos (reconnaissance light cavalry during the Revolutionary War), good Richard (French, Roosevelt's pen name, poor Richard in English) and Franklin (Benjamin Franklin).

Cruisers are named after American towns, such as Phoenix, Chicago, Salt Lake City and San Francisco.

Destroyers are named after famous sailors in American history, such as USS Sullivan in memory of five Sullivan brothers who died at the same time, and USS john paul jones in memory of the father of the US Navy.

Submarines are named after marine life. Such as swordfish, stone drum fish, queen fish, swordfish.

After World War II, the naming rules of the US Navy changed. Except for the ships built during World War II, which continue to use their original names, other types of ships have new naming rules.

Ballistic missile submarines are named after states such as Ohio, Maine and Alabama.

Nuclear-powered cruisers are also named after states such as California and Virginia.

Attack submarines are named after cities, such as Los Angeles, Dallas, Boston and Greenville.

The name of the carrier is still very casual. The traditional names of ships are constellation and enterprise, and the names are Nimitz and George Bush.

Destroyers still use names associated with the navy. Including matthew perry and Gordon pai' ea chung-hoon.

imperial japanese navy

The naming of the Japanese navy during World War II was very regular and meticulous, and even some memorable traditional ship names were abandoned for these laws.

The battleship was named after the country. "Guo" is the traditional administrative division of Shenzhen cleaning company in Japanese history. Such as Fusang, Nagato, Sunward and Musashi. Particularly important ships will adopt more symbolic names of countries, such as Yamato, Musashi and Nobuka, where Japan once built its capital.

Battle cruiser and heavy cruisers are named after mountains, including Tiancheng, King Kong, Kirishima, Miaogao and Yuhei.

Light cruisers are named after rivers, including Tama, Constant Light, Naming and Wrath of Ghosts.

Aircraft carriers are named after auspicious flying animals, which are basically dragons, phoenixes, eagles and cranes. Such as Black Dragon, Taihō, Falcon and Shoukaku.

The name of the destroyer seems to be the most irregular, with many elegant nouns and great temperament. Generally speaking, the first-class destroyers are often named after natural phenomena, such as phoenix, cloud, snow, rain, lightning, frost, fog, tide, moon, dew and chardonnay, all of which are original words that Chinese does not have at first glance.

Smaller second-class destroyers are often named after flowers and trees, and there are a series of dozens of single-word ship names with wooden/grass prefixes, many of which don't know how to pronounce them in Chinese.

Submarines are numbered, beginning with the word "Iraq".

Finally, by the way, warships of all countries will basically not be renamed after completion, even if the ship type changes (and they can be renamed at will before completion). So we will find that the United States has aircraft carriers named after battles, because they started on the battle cruiser. Similarly, Japanese aircraft carriers should only have animal names, but they are mixed with irregular names such as Kaga, Shinano (country name) and Chicheng (mountain name), because these aircraft carriers are battleships or battle cruiser.

Finally, by the way, in addition to the naming rules of ship names, countries also have their own naming rules for ship classes (equivalent to models).

There are only two naming rules for ship grades, the first ship naming and the universal naming.

The Japanese Navy and the US Navy only use the name of the first ship, that is, the class name is the same as the first warship of this class. Note that the first ship mentioned here refers to the first ship of Shenzhen Longhua cleaning company approved by the National Assembly/Cabinet, not the first ship started, launched and built. For example, the three most famous sister ships of the US Navy-Yorktown, Enterprise and Hornet, are collectively called Yorktown Class because Yorktown is the first ship.

As usual, the British navy is relatively free, and the naming of the first ship is mixed with the general naming. For example, there are five Queen Elizabeth class battleships, and the name of the first ship is used as the class name. Universal naming refers to taking out the * * * features of the names of all warships at this level to name the class. For example, battleships that once planned to build * * * 4 ships of the same class are called admiral level, because they are all named after famous generals in history. There are also five old battleships of the same type, which are conveniently called R-class because their names all start with R.

More interestingly, there is an unofficial universal naming phenomenon in the United States. The United States once built four Ju Lushi-class air defense destroyers for Pahlavi Iran, which could not be delivered due to the Islamic Revolution in Iran and were finally sold to the US Navy. Their names are Kidd, Callahan, Scott and Chandler, all American naval generals who died in World War II. So American soldiers called this class destroyer "the death general."

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our country

1July, 1986 10, supplemented and revised the regulations on naming naval vessels. The general principles are: different from other countries and regions in the world in ship naming; Different from the name of the local ship in China; Strong organization and easy to remember; Clear pronunciation, not easy to confuse each other; The name is loud and profound, which can reflect the dignity of the motherland and show the long history and culture of China; It can stand the test of history and meet the needs of equipment development for a long time after long-term use.

The specific naming rules are:

Cruisers are named after administrative provinces (regions) or phrases;

Destroyers and frigates are named after large and medium-sized cities;

The nuclear submarine is named after the "Long March" plus the serial number;

The conventional missile submarine is named after the "Expedition" plus the serial number;

The conventional torpedo submarine is named after the "Great Wall" and has a number;

Minesweeper is named after "state"; Submarine hunting is named after "county";

Dock landing ships and tank landing ships are all named after "mountain";

Infantry landing ships are named after rivers;

The auxiliary boat is named after the name indicating the sea area and nature, followed by the serial number.

Large combat ships such as nuclear submarines and cruisers are awarded names by the General Staff. Destroyers, frigates and conventional submarines are named by the navy. When a newly-built or newly-built ship is listed or renamed, the leading authority that approved the naming will formally grant the ship's naming number, issue the ship's naming certificate, and hold a naming ceremony for the ship in accordance with the provisions of the Shipping Regulations; Ship naming enjoys "lifelong system" and generally does not change its name halfway. When a ship is retired, its name and ship number shall be cancelled by the awarding authority, and no subsequent ships shall be awarded.

In order to avoid the phenomenon of duplicate names of ships, the awarding of names of ships in the People's Navy must be strictly divided according to regions. That is, the North Sea Fleet uses 14 provincial and municipal platforms (Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong and Henan) within its jurisdiction; The East China Sea Fleet uses the place names of seven provinces and cities in East China and Xinjiang Autonomous Region (Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei and Xinjiang); The South China Sea Fleet uses the place names of nine provinces and cities in South China and Southwest China (Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Qiong, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet).

There are exceptions to everything. In the naval phalanx of the People's Navy, there are two special warships named after people, one named Zheng He and the other named Shichang, both of which belong to Dalian Naval Academy.