Breeding method of melastoma

The cultivation method of Melastoma is not a single plant name, but a general name of Melastoma in Liliaceae. It is a small succulent plant and belongs to the genus Melastoma in horticultural cultivation. Let's take a look at the breeding methods of the genus Twelve Volumes.

Breeding method and matters needing attention of melastoma 1

Dodecane plants are mainly distributed in the cold coastal desert area of Cape Province, South Africa. It is often close to the Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean, with little rain and fog all year round. There is a little rainfall in winter, and the average temperature is 12℃- 15℃, which is similar to our spring and autumn seasons, so this is the peak season for their growth. Now some of them are cultivated by horticultural species or cultivated varieties, and the breeding conditions are relatively more relaxed.

1, flowerpot selection:

The root system of Anna Erhu is more developed than other genera, so it is best to choose a deep basin with a basin height greater than the basin diameter, and the material is preferably a clay tile or clay basin with strong permeability, but family farming is too cumbersome and unsightly, so resin, ceramics and plastic basins can also be used on the premise of increasing the permeability of the medium. Among them, plastic pots are the first choice for family farming because of their light weight, anti-aging and low price.

2, soil selection:

According to the convenience of each place, peat soil, peat soil or soil rich in humus can be used; Breathable light materials are crushed red mud, river sand, mountain weathered sand, ruby soil, light stone, sapphire, perlite, etc. ;

Rich in phosphorus, potassium, plant ash and other breathable water-retaining rice husk charcoal. According to the ratio of 3:6: 1, if possible, add a small amount of calcium-containing eggshell powder, bone powder, shell or coral powder (be sure to wash it repeatedly to remove salt). Sieve off dust with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm, and add or reduce the proportion of humus or light materials according to the humidity of the planting environment, the air permeability of the pot and personal planting habits.

3, water requirements:

Tap water can dry for a day. Of course, it is best to use soft water such as rain.

4. Lighting requirements:

In the original introduction, it was said that twelve volumes were half cloudy, but it was not. Under the condition of healthy root system, Zhixia can gradually get full sunshine in late autumn and early autumn, with strong sunshine in late summer and early autumn. In order to prevent burns, appropriate shading can be used, and 50 {BF} shading net or two-layer screen window can be used. A small amount of tissue paper can cover a single plant with one or two layers (this method can also be used to delay the adaptation period of newly bought plants).

5. Air requirements:

Air is often ignored by everyone. In fact, circulating fresh air is very important to increase the disease resistance of plants and reduce the occurrence of pests (so some plants in closed greenhouses often crack or shrink when changing the environment)

6, fertilization control:

Twelve volumes don't like fertilizer. If you change pots every year, you don't need to fertilize. Thin liquid fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium (fermented beer, rotten fish scales, bone meal water, etc.) can be applied during the spring and autumn growth period. ) two or three times.

If you don't plan to change pots every year, you can bury a small amount of cow, chicken and bird feces at the bottom of the plant, but you must fully decompose and ferment and strictly disinfect it. Inorganic fertilizers can make plants dependent and are not recommended.

7. Changing pots and planting:

Although Cirsium is mostly winter-type, at present, except for the extremely short-term temperature in winter and summer, family farming is basically not deeply dormant, and its growth basically stops at extremely low temperature (the lowest temperature is 5℃, and the highest temperature is 40℃, which can grow for a short time), so it is best to change pots before the arrival of the spring and autumn growth period.

Don't water before changing pots, dump plants, remove dry, hollow or rotten old roots, try not to damage intact roots, and apply dry powder of bactericidal drugs such as thiophanate or carbendazim to the wound.

It is better to use a new medium, because salt or other harmful substances are deposited in the lower part of the old basin soil when watering, and it is better not to use it. Put 1/5 large particle light material at the bottom of the basin, which is convenient for drainage and ventilation. The cultivated soil should not be too dry and wet. It is better to hold it in your hand and disperse it immediately.

After planting, there will be no big gap between the pier and the basin soil to prevent short circuit during watering. The upper part is covered with a layer of breathable materials, such as medium-grained sapphire and pond cornerstone, not entirely for the sake of beauty, but mainly to separate the plants from the basin soil and prevent the plants from being infected when watering or fertilizing.

Then put the planted plants in a slow basin with astigmatism, without watering or spraying water. After one to two weeks, the new roots can be watered and the light gradually strengthened to normal management.

8. Daily management:

The plants of the genus Duchesnea are best placed on the balcony or windowsill of the south terrace. The sunlight from above is the most ideal, which is often beyond the reach of family farming. The windowsill receives oblique light.

In this way, in order to prevent the phototaxis of plants, flowerpots should be rotated regularly. Fortunately, it grows slowly, and the growing season can be rotated once every half month. But make sure there is at least two hours of light every day. Water, spring, summer and autumn in sunny morning, winter in sunny noon.

9, pest treatment and prevention:

Cirsium is relatively strong, with relatively few pests and diseases, and the diseases are mainly root rot or leaf rot. It is found that early and timely removal of rotten leaves or drying after sterilization and disinfection often does not lose plants and is generally not easy to be infected. It seems to be a natural phenomenon rather than a disease that some varieties of Cirsium japonicum will have dry tips when their roots are intact and the humidity is suitable.

Insects occasionally include red spiders and nematodes. Found that pesticides can be sprayed. However, in line with the principle of prevention first and nip in the bud, it is best to mix pesticides such as carbofuran in the basin soil and spray some fungicides such as thiophanate, carbendazim and zinc on a regular basis (half a month in the growth period).

The Classification of Genus in Twelve Volumes

Twelve volumes can be divided into three categories according to the softness and hardness of leaves: soft leaf subgenus, hard leaf subgenus and hard leaf subgenus.

Soft leaf system: the leaves are soft, short and fat, usually thick or truncated at the top, with transparent or translucent "windows" and obvious veins.

Light can enter plants through the "window" for photosynthesis. Such as Twelve Volumes of Mao Han, Jade Fan, Blue Crab, Quiet Drum, Bai Yinshou, Beijing Brocade, Ice Lantern, Yulu and so on.

Hard leaf system: its leaves are hard, sword-shaped or triangular, and most varieties have white warts on their leaves, which has the physiological function of reflecting strong sunlight. Such as Green Pupil, Twelve Dragons, Ivory Tower, Bear Town, Dragon City, Oriental Constellation and Longlin. Among them, Angel's Tears, Zodiac Brocade, Ruihe Brocade, which belong to the subgenus of hardwood, are not available in China at present, so they are expensive.

Generally speaking, it can also be divided into tower type (such as nine-wheel tower), temple type (such as glazed hall), striped type (such as striped twelve-scroll brocade), segmented type (such as jade fan) and bead type (such as jade dew).

Experience of managing twelve volumes well

There are twelve volumes in the genus, and three points should be noted:

1, deep basin: because it is a deep root.

2, shading: it is best to avoid strong light and enough astigmatism.

3. Permeability: the soil is loose and breathable.

3. 1, according to local resources.

3.2, according to the size of the implant, determine the particle size, particles are mostly mud carbon.

3.3. Prepare pure granules, and add peat granules or nutrient granules.

How to breed twelve volumes? How to breed twelve volumes?

1. Soil: Twelve volumes of stripes are not strict with soil, and fertile and loose sandy loam is suitable. When potted, shallow planting is better because of shallow roots, and it is cultivated with rich and well-drained humus mixed with coarse sand.

2. Watering: Just keep the soil moist during the growth period, and keep it dry during the semi-dormancy period in winter and midsummer, and strictly control watering. If the basin soil is too wet in winter, it is easy to cause root rot and leaf atrophy.

3. Sunshine: Twelve strips will be more beautiful if they are kept in a semi-shady place in summer, or when the shade is 50%. Because the temperature is not very high in spring and autumn, it should be given direct sunlight to help it accumulate nutrients through photosynthesis. In winter, it should be maintained in a bright place indoors.

4. Temperature: The optimum growth temperature of Stripe XII is 15℃ ~ 32℃, and it will enter a dormant state when the high temperature is above 33℃ in summer. Avoid cold cream. The overwintering temperature should be kept above 65438 00 degrees Celsius. When the temperature drops below 7 degrees Celsius in winter, it will go into hibernation. If the ambient temperature is close to 4 degrees Celsius, it will freeze to death.

5. Fertilization: Twelve stripes don't like fertilization very much, and only need 1-2 times of thin fertilizer every spring to meet the needs.

6. Insect pests: Twelve plants sometimes suffer from root rot and brown spot, and 65% zineb wettable powder 1500 times can be sprayed. Pests do great harm to whitefly and scale insects, spraying 40% omethoate EC 1000 times.

Twelve volumes of agricultural technology

1, it is more convenient to use a smaller flowerpot than to raise a flowerpot. The flowerpot is big, watering is difficult to control and the soil dries slowly. If there is water, it is easy to rot roots and yellow leaves. Generally, 10 cm is enough.

2. If you want to plant the twelve rolls you just got back in a pot, and if they absorb too much water in humid air in rainy season, you can put them in a dry place to dry and then plant them in a pot. There is no need to water at this time, just keep the soil slightly moist.

3. When it is above 30 degrees in summer and below 7 degrees in winter, stop growing and enter a dormant state without watering and fertilization. Put it in a semi-shady place in summer, so that its color will be fuller and more beautiful. It can be kept indoors or covered with film to keep warm in winter. Pay attention to make a few small holes in the film so that they can breathe easily.

4. If cultivated, the sowing speed of seeds will be slow and more difficult. Although you can use leaf cutting, that skill is not easy to operate. The propagation method is to break its lateral buds and plant them in a small flowerpot. The temperature in spring and autumn is suitable for transplantation.

If you see the leaves turn yellow and dry, don't worry, pick the yellow leaves, don't put them in the rain, and put them on the ventilated balcony. The soil in the basin keeps a little moisture. Don't water it too much. After a while, the leaves will naturally look full and beautiful.

6. Planting twelve rolls of soil does not require harsh conditions. Ordinary garden soil, just add some coarse sand, or more fertile humus soil, and add some cinder. Both will do. Fertilizer is mainly water and fertilizer.