Summary of observation experiment of starry sky and constellation _ Starry sky and constellation

What constellations are there in the four seasons starry sky?

Spring starry sky In the spring starry sky, the most striking thing is the Big Dipper (that is, the stars α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η in Ursa Major) hanging high in the northern sky. Because the brightness of the seven stars is relatively large, they are all relatively easy to find. Starting from the Big Dipper, you can find the main bright stars in spring: the two stars (β and α) connecting Doukou, extending to five times the distance between these two stars, you will find the brighter Polaris (α of Ursa minor); Looking southwest along the connecting line of the other two stars δ and γ in Doukou, you can find the bright Xuanyuan XIV (Leo α star). A large arc can be drawn along the curves of several stars (δ, ε, ζ, η) on the barrel handle. If you extend this arc, you can find the bright orange star arcturus (alpha star of Capricorn), continue your southern tour, you can find another bright star Virgo of arcturus (alpha star of Virgo), and then continue your southwest tour, you can find a quadrilateral composed of four small stars, which is corvus corax. This big arc, which starts from the handle of a bucket and ends in corvus corax, is the famous "Big Spring Curve". The triangle consisting of arcturus, Cepheus and Leo β is called the "Spring Triangle". An equilateral quadrilateral consisting of a spring triangle and a star in Canis Canis is called a "spring diamond". The important symbol of the starry sky in summer is the Milky Way, a band of light extending from Dongping line in the north to the southern horizon, and a "summer triangle" consisting of three bright stars on both sides of the Milky Way: Vega (Alpha Lyra), Altair (Alpha Aquila) and Tianjin IV (Alpha Cygnus). The Milky Way in summer is extremely magnificent, but it can only be seen in the wild without light interference. When Vega cruises south along the shore of the Milky Way, she can see a bright red star-Antares (Scorpio α), which forms an S-shaped curve with more than a dozen stars. This is the famous Scorpio in summer, and its tail is immersed in the dense part of the Milky Way. From Altair to the south along the Milky Way, you can find Sagittarius, six of which form the "Southern Dou Six Stars", which is far opposite to the Big Dipper in the northwest sky. The Milky Way in Sagittarius is the widest and brightest. Because this is the direction of the center of the galaxy. The connection between Vega and Altair continues to extend to the southeast, and Capricorn composed of dark stars can be found. Patrol southwest along the connection between Tianjin Sihe and Vega, and you will find Wuxian. In the west of Wuxian, there are seven small stars in a semicircle, which is the beautiful northern crown. The starry sky in autumn "flying horse in the sky, galaxy hanging obliquely" is a symbol of the starry sky in autumn. The starry sky in autumn can start from the "autumn quadrangle" (also known as "flying horse-fairy box") in the direction of the head. This quadrilateral is like a square. When it is overhead, its four sides just represent one direction. The quadrangle in autumn is made up of three bright stars in Pegasus (α, β, γ) and one bright star in Andromeda (α), which is very eye-catching. Extend the east side line of the quadrilateral to the northern sky (that is, from the gamma star of Pegasus to the alpha star of Andromeda), find the Polaris through Cassiopeia, and extend southward along this baseline to find the bright star (β) of Cetacea. This long north-south line is almost at Right ascension. It is convenient to remember and estimate the position of the stars. Extend the western line of the quadrangle to the southern sky (that is, from the beta star of Pegasus to the alpha star), and at the low altitude in the south, you can find the famous bright star in the autumn sky-Beijiao (the alpha star of Pisces), and extend northward along this baseline to find Cepheus. From the northeast corner of the quadrangle in autumn to the northeast along Andromeda, Perseus composed of three rows of stars can be found. To the southeast of the quadrangle in autumn are Pisces and the Great Whale. Wang Xian, Hou Xian, Fairy, Perseus, Pegasus and Whale form a brilliant royal constellation, which is the main constellation in the autumn sky. To the southwest of the autumn quadrangle are Aquarius and Capricorn. There are few bright stars in the autumn sky, but there are many deep-space objects like Andromeda Extragalactic Galaxy (M3 1). The sky is bright in winter, and it is freezing in winter. It's not a pleasant thing to go out and watch the stars at night. However, in all seasons, the starry sky in winter is the most magnificent. Winter is the brightest season of stars all year round, and many constellations are very easy to identify. Of course, the most striking thing is Orion hanging high in the southern sky: the three stars (Orion δ, ε, ζ) sandwiched between the red bright star Betelgeuse (Orion α) and the white bright star Betelgeuse (Orion β) are quite attractive. Looking south and east along Samsung, you can find Sirius (Alpha Canis), the brightest star in the whole day. Just to the east of Betelgeuse, there is another bright star, Nanhesan (Alpha Canis). Betelgeuse, Sirius and the constellation Nanhe form the famous "Winter Triangle", through which the dim Milky Way passes, which is the darkest part of the whole Milky Way. Looking northwest along the three stars of Orion, we can find another bright red star (Alpha Star of Taurus), and several small stars near it belong to the famous "Bi Cluster". If you continue to look north, you can see the Pleiades Cluster consisting of 6-7 small stars, all of which belong to Taurus. The northeast of Taurus is the five-pointed star Auriga, and the main star of Auriga is Capella, which is also a very bright star. Looking northeast along the connecting line between Betelgeuse and Betelgeuse, we can find two bright stars, namely Kitagawa III (Gemini Beta) and Kitagawa II (Gemini Alpha). Connecting Capella, Beihe III, Nanhe III, Sirius, Betelgeuse and Sotheby's V can form a spectacular "winter hexagon".