Footprints on the Moon Teaching Plan

Zhu Changchao, born in 1944, graduated from Chemistry Department of Fudan University 1967. 1968 Chao once worked in Shanghai Radio No.1 Factory, worked as a worker and engaged in chemical analysis. 1974 transferred to Dialectics of Nature. 1978 transferred to Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. 1979 was admitted as a postgraduate in methodology at the Institute of Philosophy, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences. 1982 after graduation, he has been engaged in research work in the Institute of Information Science. 199 1 was rated as an associate researcher, and 1993 was hired as a professor at the Institute of Thinking Science of Chinese Academy of Management and concurrently served as the director of Shanghai Institute of Thinking.

He is currently a researcher at the Institute of Information Science of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, vice chairman of the Preparatory Committee of China Thinking Science Society, and a member of China Popular Science Writers Association.

References:

/Chu Zhong/Yu Wen/Yuwen1/200511/2415.html.

Respondent: cke 24680- Magic Apprentice Level 111-2319: 59.

Footprints on the moon

Author: Li Zhihong from: Nanxian Teaching and Research Network Click: 9 1 Time: July 5, 2006.

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Target navigation

1. Read the text, summarize the main points of the text, and learn about the knowledge of human landing on the moon.

2. Learn the plain language and narrative method of this article.

Class guidance

◇ accumulate over time

1. American moon landing program

From 1960s to 1970s, the United States organized and implemented the manned moon landing project, or "Apollo" project. The purpose of this project is to carry out manned moon landing and human field trip to the moon, and make technical preparations for exploring manned planetary flight. This is an epoch-making achievement in the world space history. The project started in May of 196 1 year and ended successfully in February of 1972, which lasted about 1 1 year and cost 25.5 billion US dollars.

2. The story of Armstrong

As the first man to land on the moon, Armstrong is a hero of all mankind. On July 2 1, 1969, when Apollo 1 1 spacecraft was preparing to land at the scheduled landing site of the "Jinghai" of the moon, it was suddenly found that there was a crater the size of a football field below the spacecraft, which was filled with stones of different sizes. Armstrong immediately took emergency measures to change the spaceship into a mobile one. After flying for about 20 seconds, he found a relatively flat place 6 kilometers away and landed safely.

3. Vocabulary accumulation

The observation instruction is cost-effective, the sea area talks about yearning for milestones, and the boat is in sight.

Knowledge counseling

1. Content structure

The full text is described in chronological order and can be divided into three parts.

The first part, sections 1 and 2, points out that this moon landing activity is a milestone in the aerospace industry, which leads to the following contents. The second part, section 3- 15, describes the whole process of landing on the moon, which can be divided into four stages: preparation for landing on the moon-launching spacecraft-successful landing on the moon-returning to the moon. The third part, from 16 to 18, summarizes the significance of landing on the moon.

2. Writing highlights

(1) The context is clear. Footprints on the Moon is a documentary report. Stylistically, it is a narrative. The basic elements of a narrative are: time (1July, 969), place (Kennedy Space Center in the middle of Florida Peninsula, USA), characters (Ames Wulang, etc.), the cause and process of the event (the first time humans flew to the moon to explore the moon and space), and. The narrative elements are all available, and the whole process of landing on the moon is described in chronological order, which makes this great feat of mankind clearly written.

(2) The language is plain. Documentary reporting requires concise language, clear narration and accurate and true quotation of digital data. In this paper, the interpretation method of "column number" is widely used, which mainly includes three numbers: one is the number of the distance between the moon and the earth, the other is the time number of the whole process of landing on the moon, and the third is the time number of rocket flight.

Difficult exploration

1. How to describe a thing completely and vividly?

This article provides a good example to describe a thing completely and vividly. The first is rendering. The 1 and 2 parts of the article are rendered to arouse readers' interest in reading. Secondly, there are clear time clues. Starting from the third section, the author describes the whole process of landing on the moon in chronological order in detail, even if it is only a few minutes and seconds. This enables readers to know the specific time of landing on the moon in detail, and also enhances the vividness of the event. Third, an appropriate description. The author gives a proper description of the scene before the rocket launch and the scene when the rocket flies at high altitude, which enhances the vividness of the article and stimulates the imagination of readers.

2. How to understand "this small step is a small step for a person; For all mankind, this is a huge leap. What is the meaning of this sentence?

Armstrong's words are a declaration of human conquest of the moon. "One small step" refers to a small step for an astronaut to cross the surface of the moon from a spaceship, which is really easy for a person. But this is the first step towards the space field, which shows human intelligence and highly developed scientific and technological level, and opens a new era of human exploration of the universe, which is of great significance. With this small step, there will be a second step and a third step, so this is a "huge leap".

Knowledge integration

basic knowledge

1. Fill in the blanks.

Footprints on the Moon is an interesting article, which focuses on (expressing) and clearly and vividly describes the process of landing on the moon. It can be said that it is the outstanding feature of this paper; It is another feature of this paper to unfold the narrative in order; Language is the third outstanding feature of this paper.

2. "The moon is a close neighbor of the earth", so there are many famous sayings describing the moon in China's ancient poems. Please write two ancient poems about the moon.

A: (1).

(2) 。

Sublimation of quality

1. What is the content of the following metaphor sentence?

(1) Saturn V rocket stands tall like a giant.

A: Yes.

(2) The spaceship moves slowly in space like a boat.

A: Yes.

(3) The moon is full of tiny particles, which is a bit like the beach of the earth.

A: Yes.

2. Condense each paragraph below into one sentence. (Requirements: ① No more than 20 words per sentence; ② Abbreviated sentences can summarize the main points of paragraphs. )

(1) In the vast space, the moon is a close neighbor of the earth. Although it is a close neighbor, it orbits the earth in an orbit of 380 thousand kilometers from the earth and human beings.

A: Yes.

(2) The spacecraft began to return to the distant earth. At the early morning of 25th 1: 35: 8, it entered the earth's atmosphere at a proper angle. When descending to the height of 4,000m, three large parachutes opened in the air, and Apollo 1 1 spacecraft splashed down in the predetermined sea area and was rescued by the navy waiting there.

A: Yes.

◇ Senior high school entrance examination

(2004. Jiangsu) Read the following text and complete the following questions.

In space, the biomass of an object is only one millionth of that of the ground, which is called microgravity. Organisms are prone to genetic variation, which is very beneficial to the culture of cells, protein and microorganisms. Space also takes off the "coat" of the atmosphere. Solar radiation is much stronger than the ground, and the universe is extremely rich in high-energy heavy particles, which will make beneficial mutations in the genetic codes of cells such as seeds and microorganisms and produce new species. In addition, the space environment is almost vacuum and there is no pollution. Experts believe that these intangible or even intangible environmental conditions provide an ideal experimental site and production base for the development of new materials, new species and new drugs. In the space environment, biological variation and evolution are thousands of times faster than on the ground.

What does the "environmental conditions" added in the article mean?

A: ①.

② 。

③

Respondent: gxh 1994 q- first grade of probation 1 1-23 20:34.

First, the teaching objectives

1. Read the text quickly and summarize the main contents of the article.

2, the use of information technology and network technology to carry out inquiry activities.

3. Clarify the ideas of the article and understand the knowledge of human landing on the moon.

4. Stimulate students' interest in exploring science and cultivate students' learning ability of independent inquiry.

Second, the focus of teaching

Read the text quickly, form the habit of reading independently, sort out the ideas of the article, and understand the knowledge of human landing on the moon; Carefully build a "bridge" and transfer this lesson to the comprehensive study of this unit.

Third, teaching material analysis

Footprints on the Moon is a text in Unit 4 of the first volume of the seventh grade of the new textbook. From the perspective of textbook compilation, this unit embodies the content of scientific exploration of the natural world. Its main purpose is to enrich students' scientific knowledge, improve their ability to read modern scientific and technological texts and collect screening information, stimulate students' thirst for knowledge, and cultivate their scientific spirit and interest in exploring the unknown world. This text describes the greatest scientific expedition of the 20th century-landing on the moon. The author recorded the whole process of man's first landing on the moon in plain language. The four parts described in this paper are clear and smooth: preparation, liftoff, landing on the moon and going home. Finally, Armstrong said, "This step is a small step for a person; It is a huge leap for the whole mankind, leaving readers with endless aftertaste, from which we can realize the great significance of human landing on the moon. The theme itself can arouse students' rich association and enough interest, and the content of this lesson is closely related to the comprehensive learning content of this unit-exploring the mystery of the moon. The information about the moon is very rich, and both natural phenomena and human phenomena are worth exploring. We can use information technology to link the two as a lunar project, so that students can explore independently. Therefore, to learn this lesson, we should not only understand the knowledge of landing on the moon, but also carefully build a "bridge", transfer this lesson to the comprehensive study of this unit, and seriously carry out scientific and humanistic exploration activities about the moon.

Fourth, student analysis.

The students in this class are more active in class and have their own personalities, thoughts and unique views. The students in this class have strong information technology ability, good computer skills, knowledge of networks and websites, frequent online information search, collection, processing and processing capabilities, so they study in groups and explore online, and provide technical support for students' online exploration with computers as tools. Most students can independently complete the tasks assigned by teachers and have certain creative ability. Therefore, in teaching, students can study and explore independently, and cultivate various abilities in the process of autonomous learning. For example, before class, students can make some hand-made works related to the moon or draw a map of the moon, and draw a moon landing trajectory map during class, and stick better works on the wall, which not only cultivates students' hands-on ability, but also creates a good learning atmosphere and stimulates students' interest in learning. Let students question the common sense of landing on the moon and the content of the text, which can cultivate students' inquiry ability; Let students surf the Internet by themselves, and choose their own content in the process of surfing the Internet, which cultivates students' ability to collect and process information and acquire new knowledge. After summing up, we should report to the cooperation group and the whole class, which enhances the students' oral expression ability and communication and cooperation ability.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) preparation before class

Teachers should know about space flight and the moon, and make courseware about this lesson and websites about the moon.

Students (1) can read related books, such as Space Age, Mystery of the Universe, 100,000 Why, etc. You can also look up information about the moon on the internet to prepare for a better understanding of the text. (2) Works about the Moon

Teaching design of intransitive verbs

(A) the introduction of new courses

1, (students' point of view) show students' small productions (handmade works and pictures about the moon, etc. ) and introduce them into the world of the moon.

2. Prepare (from the teacher's point of view) the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon's stories or ancient poems about the moon (Poems on a Quiet Night, Tune in the Middle Tune, a night-mooring near maple bridge, etc.). ).

Read the poem about the moon written by the students on the slide. The purpose is to create a good atmosphere, arouse students' interest in reading this lesson, and let students feel that the legend and mystery of the moon are human yearning.

(Instructed by the teacher) The moon has had an indissoluble bond with people since ancient times, and is especially loved by poets. The bright and quiet moonlight, full of changing moon shapes when it is round, arouses the poet's nostalgia and emotion. What other poems about the moon do students know? Please use the moon to say a poem ("Yang Liuan, the breeze is fading away", "When will the bright moon shine on me in Jiang Nanan", "Pear Garden melts the moon" and "The thin shadow is shallow, and the faint fragrance floats on the dusk moon." ), the moon is so beautiful under the poet's description, now we will take a walk on the moon with space heroes and feel that thrilling moment.

Read the text quickly and feel the main idea of the article

1, ask students to read the text quickly and grasp the main idea of the article.

(autonomous learning)

(1) Read the text quickly and silently (don't read, don't move your lips, don't read back), get important information, and answer questions on the moon courseware. (Develop the ability to read quickly)

A. when did man land on the moon for the first time?

Which country and which astronaut set foot on the moon for the first time?

How far is the moon from the earth?

D. What's the name of the rocket and the name of the spaceship?

E. What processes are described in what order?

(2) Summarize the contents written in this article with the above information. (Time, place, people, events)

(3) Find out the words that indicate time during the process of landing on the moon. The whole process of thinking about landing on the moon can be divided into several stages.

(Summary and Comment) This paper truly records the whole process of American astronauts Armstrong, Collins and Aldrin landing on the moon. The whole process of landing on the moon can be divided into four stages: preparation for landing on the moon-launch of spacecraft-successful landing on the moon-return to the moon.

2. Show students' works and cultivate students' hands-on and speaking ability.

(You say, I say, everyone says)

(1) Try to draw a schematic diagram of the whole process of landing on the moon and briefly explain it.

(2) Compare in groups of four to see who draws the best and introduces the most accurately. Recommend a classmate to show it and introduce it above.

(3) Show the best works of each group and ask a classmate to introduce the process of landing on the moon.

(4) Show the trajectory map of the moon at that time by using the moon courseware to understand the process and trajectory of landing on the moon.

The moon landing pictures drawn by students can be displayed by physical projectors, so that students can explain themselves and exercise their association and expression skills, which is also the overall perception of the text. Teachers can also make pictures for students to compare and learn.

(3) study and appreciate, stimulate interest and taste language features.

1, (watch the video in the courseware) to stimulate students' interest in inquiry.

(1) Watch the live video of the moon landing.

(2) Tell me about the feeling of seeing this scene.

(3) Questioning the moon landing.

Students ask each other questions, or teachers and students ask each other questions, forming a process of discussion and communication, which makes this class reach a climax.

What's on the moon? What kind of world is that?

B, why do scientists collect soil and rocks on the moon?

C. how do astronauts feel when they land on the moon?

D, the article said, "When returning, the astronauts left the lunar module in space". Is this appropriate?

E. how did the lunar module detach and dock with the spacecraft?

Teachers can guide students to speak freely, as long as the imagination is reasonable, allowing students to have different views and fantasies. The teacher can also make an adjustable answer: there are mud, stones and mountains on the moon, no air and water, and it is desolate and lifeless; Scientists collect soil and rocks for scientific research, development and utilization of the moon; Astronauts' feelings at high altitude are weightlessness, dizziness, vomiting, fainting and so on. Space junk is also a big hidden danger to human beings.

2. Teachers guide students to ask each other questions and explore the text together, which will have a profound impact on the human body.

(cooperative investigation)

(1) Inquiry 1: The students' explanation of the process of landing on the moon is accurate, which cannot but be attributed to the author's clear description of the complicated process of landing on the moon. What do you think is the most worth learning about writing?

Let the students talk about their real experiences and speak freely. One thing must be clear: a, the writing method of describing the event process clearly and orderly in chronological order. B, the description is appropriate, and there are comments in the narrative. C. Illustration) These three points can be illustrated by examples, and their functions can be analyzed to teach students to use them in writing.

(2) Question 2: Do you like this text? How did you feel when you were studying (feeling nervous and proud)? What impressed you the most? Please find out the answer, read aloud and comment.

(3) Inquiry 3: Read the last paragraph together and talk about your understanding of the significance of landing on the moon.

(Debate) It is said that 400,000 people and more than 20,000 companies invested in this moon landing, which cost 2.39 billion US dollars and 65.438+0.5 billion US dollars. It consumed a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources, but only brought back hundreds of kilograms of moon rocks and moon soil. Is it worth it?

(Summary) On the above issues, the group discussed and reached an understanding under the guidance of teachers: the first time man set foot on the moon, it took 95 hours to travel 760,000 kilometers. Astronauts went to the moon to collect samples of lunar soil and moon rocks, erect monuments, install cameras, install solar wind measuring devices, lunar seismographs, insert American flags, and talk to President Nixon. The last paragraph of the text reveals its great significance. Teachers can sum up the transformation: the success of Apollo moon landing program made human dreams come true, and human beings began to go to planets other than the earth. Modern science and technology have reached the level of developing into outer space. This is not only a great leap for mankind, but also the first step for mankind.

(4) How much do you know about the moon? (Expanding to Comprehensive Learning-Exploring the Mystery of the Moon)

1. Students can look up information about the moon on the Internet, or they can enter the moon network prepared by the teacher and choose their favorite content for reference.

[On the topic of "the moon", students can choose an aspect of this topic that they are interested in to form a collaboration group (taking the topic of "the moon" as an example, those interested in literature can form a moon legend group, a moon poetry group, a moon reputation group, a moon custom group, etc.). And those who are interested in science can form a group of lunar landings, a group of lunar profiles, a group of lunar mysteries, etc. ), and each group can make their own choices and activities online. Let each student actively take personal responsibility in this task. Students support each other and cooperate with each other in the activities. Problems encountered on the Internet can be solved through consultation, conflicts within the group can be solved through effective communication, tasks shared by everyone in the group can be handled, and the effect of activities can be evaluated. In this process, it not only mobilizes each student's participation consciousness and learning enthusiasm, but also improves learning efficiency and cultivates students' various abilities.