Write an opening report of Gao Shi's frontier poems, including literature review, thank you.

Gao Shi is the leader of the frontier poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and "vigorous and solemn" is the remarkable feature of his frontier poetry. His poems are quality-oriented, magnificent and simple. Lofty and lonely, he has the spirit of a ranger. He once roamed Liang and Song Dynasties and devoted himself to self-sufficiency. In addition, he is generous and upright, so his poems reflect a wide range of aspects and profound themes. Gao Shi's psychological structure is extensive, and his personality is straightforward, so his poems often express his mind directly, or talk to each other, and rarely use metaphors. For example, "Ge Yanxing" points out the national disaster at the beginning, highlighting the tense atmosphere: "The northeastern border of China is dark and filled with smoke and dust. In order to repel the barbaric aggressors, our generals left their homes"; Finally, he said, "I heard about the battle in the desert today, but it's Li Ye!" There are both ardent expectations and deep sighs, which are implicit and powerful.

Gao Shi's poems focus on people rather than the natural landscape, so he seldom writes about scenery, and when he expresses his feelings, he is often accompanied by the part of writing about scenery, so this scene bears the poet's personal subjective imprint. "Song of Yan" describes the bleak scene with "autumn is exhausted in the dust and sand, the grass is withered, and the sun is setting on the lonely wall", and contrasts it with the desert, hay, lonely city and sunset, forming a picture full of subjective feelings, which makes the heroic and tragic battle of the soldiers more intense. Gao Shi uses simple words in his language style without carving. For example, there is a sentence in "Two Poems of Tang Dong": "Huang Yun, thousands of miles away, shines in the daytime, and the north wind blows geese and snow. Mochow doesn't know the way forward, and no one in the world knows you. " Technically, it seems that there is no effort, and the words are from the heart without deliberate modification.

Gao Shi's life and creation can be divided into four periods:

(1) Twenty years ago, when he failed to find a job and was trapped in the Song Dynasty, he began to write poetry.

(2) From the 20th year of Kaiyuan to the 8th year of Tianbao, the first time he left the fortress, idled around and accomplished nothing, which was the heyday of his creation;

(3) From eight to fourteen years in Tianbao, you can continue to play your creativity by standing aside and joining the army;

(4) After Yuan Zai (756), he was proud of his official career. Although he also wrote some excellent works, on the whole, it is not as good as the first three issues.

Gao Shi's poems have a wide range of themes, rich content and strong reality. There are mainly the following categories:

1 frontier poems, the highest achievement. His representative works include Ge Yanxing, Five Poems on Jimen, Cezanne, Xia Sai Qu, Ji Zhongzuo and Nine Songs, which praised the soldiers' lofty sentiments of bravely serving the country and making contributions, wrote down their hard life in the army and their beautiful desire for peace, and exposed the arrogance and extravagance of frontier generals, their insensitivity to foot soldiers and the unclear rewards and punishments of the court. Gao Shi's works praising unjust wars and discriminating against ethnic minorities, such as Li Yunnan's Poems for Young Adults, are the dross of this kind of poetry.

(2) Poetry reflecting the sufferings of people's livelihood. These poems profoundly reveal the contradiction between the rulers and the broad masses of the people, such as Thirteen Yellow Rivers in Qi Qi (9) and Floods in Dongping and Lu Yu. It truly describes the heavy burden of taxes, corvees and natural disasters of farmers and expresses sympathy for their suffering. He also wrote some poems praising "good officials" and advocated levity from the idea of "benevolent government"

(3) sarcasm hurts poetry. Generally speaking, it refers to abusing politics and criticizing the rulers' arrogance and extravagance, such as "Ancient Songs" and "It's hard to walk through their two poems". There are also some poems that show anxiety and indignation about the political situation after the Anshi Rebellion, such as "Rewarding Mr. Pei with Poems instead of Books" and "Two Poems by Baizhang Peak".

④ There are the most poems chanting for the bosom, and the ideological content is more complicated. If you don't send Guo Shaofu Wei, Xiao Gu to Tweety, Zuo, etc. for the three certificates of joining the army and rewarding Xue. This expresses their dissatisfaction with reality.

For example, "Fu Dehuan Yin Shan sends his thoughts to a kind person" and "Every day sends his addendum to Toure", or expresses friendship and other wishes, or yearns for seclusion, which is sincere and quite infectious. There are also some works in this kind of poems that envy fame and fortune and flatter powerful people, which is not desirable. In addition, there are some poems about history, such as Ten Poems of the Song Dynasty, and some poems describing the scenery of the journey, such as "Three Leads of the Qingyi Army" and "A Trip to Pengzhou Mountain", which are also quite good. Gao Shi's poems were already famous at that time. The New Tang Book Gao Shi Biography says that he is "arrogant. Every article has it, and good people need to spread it. " Yin Kun's He Yue Ling Ying also praised him as "full of confidence and courage, so both the government and the public like his works". Wang Shizhen pointed out that Gao Shi's style is "solemn and stirring" (poetry follows the classroom).

The basic characteristics of Gao Shi's poetic style are deep feelings, calm spirit, straightforward language and bold brushwork. In terms of poetic style, Gao Shi's ancient style is superior to modern poetry, especially the seven verses of ancient style. The music is long, the waves are wide, and the voice is frustrated. The most important thing is to be strong, be strong. Five simple and straightforward, close to the taste of ancient poems in Han and Wei dynasties. In the near body, the seven methods and seven stunts are superior. Gao Shi's Works is a collection of poems edited by Zhang Jiugao and prefaced by Yan Zhenqing about seven years ago. The old and new Tang Shu recorded 20 volumes of his collected works, which did not exist. Today, there is a copy of Gaochang Historical Records, which is collected by Sikuquanshu. There are 8 books of poetry and 2 articles. There are also 8 volumes of photocopied movable type books in the four series. In addition, Zhang Xunye, Xu Zichang and other versions are two volumes. Gao shiji, unified series of Ming and Qing dynasties, 1. There are still some lost articles in Dunhuang Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty and Gao Shi's poems. Annotations include Liu Kaiyang's Annotation on Chronology of Gao Shi's Poems and Sun Qinshan's Annotation on Gao Shi's Collection, both of which are accompanied by chronologies. The works related to Gao Shi's life include Poems on Gao Shi's Life, Textual Research on Peng Lan's Chronology of Gao Shi, Chronology of Gao Shi at the Beginning of Zhou Xun, and Several Problems in Fu Xuancong's Chronology of Gao Shi's Poems of Tang Dynasty Poets.