The radio source x- 1 suspected of having a black hole was first discovered by humans in which constellation?

In cygnus. Cygnus X- 1 radio source is also the first black hole discovered by human beings.

Black holes are remnants of the late evolution of massive stars.

If a single star forms a black hole, it can be felt near it, and it can neither be seen nor felt in the distance, so it can only be found in a binary system. Cygnus X- 1 happens to be a binary system that emits intense X-rays.

A binary star is two stars in space that are close to each other and revolve around each other. Two stars usually have different masses, but they formed at the same time. It is precisely because of their different masses that their evolution speed and degree are different. Among them, the one with larger mass (called the main star) evolves faster, while the other one (called the companion star) evolves slower. The rapidly evolving one first exhausted the nuclear combustion and became a red giant, while the one with smaller mass was still in the main sequence stage.

The outer layer of the red giant will expand, and the expansion to a certain extent will touch the gravitational range of another star. Therefore, in the binary system, the red giant has a maximum allowable volume, called the Roche volume, and the corresponding radius is called the Roche radius, because it was first calculated by the French scientist Roche.

When the red giant expands to its Roche radius, the gas outside the radius will break away from its gravity and reach the gravitational range of the small-mass companion star, and this companion star will certainly absorb these gas substances and wrap them around it to become its nuclear fuel. In this way, mass transfer will occur between two stars. The expansion and mass transfer of the main star occur simultaneously. At the end of the transfer, the outer gas shell of the main star was completely removed and became a low-mass star; The companion star absorbs the mass of the main star and becomes a massive star. If the remaining mass of the main star is still more than three times that of the sun, then the star will continue to shrink and eventually become a black hole through supernova explosion. However, the relationship between the two stars will not change, and the companion star that has become a massive star still orbits the black hole.

The companion star continues to evolve, and one day, it will become a red giant and expand to just fill its Roche volume. When it continues to expand, it also begins to lose mass, and the lost mass will fall into the black hole again. The stars are all spinning. When a star evolves into a black hole, the inherent rotational angular momentum of the star still exists and is completely inherited by the black hole. The rotating black hole will drag the surrounding space-time to rotate together. The star material falling into the black hole will not directly enter the black hole, but will form a rotating disk around the black hole, where the material will fall into the black hole in the form of a spiral. This disk is called a sucker.

Matter spins in the sucker and falls on the neutron star. When the material hits the neutron star surface at high speed, the speed is as high as 654.38+ 1 100 million km/s, and its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which will form a high temperature of more than 654.38+ 1000 billion degrees, and the high-temperature gas will emit strong X-rays. It is by detecting X-rays that people detect black holes.

Cygnus X- 1 is a powerful radio source. X-ray detection rocket launched by 1965 was found, and X-ray detection satellite launched by 1970 was explored in detail. It is about 6000 light years away from us.

At the position of X- 1 in Cygnus, there is a high-temperature blue star whose mass is 25-40 times that of the sun, but it is impossible for such a star to emit X-rays. Therefore, an invisible companion star must be absorbing its mass and heating it to millions of degrees, thus emitting such strong X-rays.

After careful observation, it is found that the orbital period of this blue star is 5.6 days, indicating that there is indeed a companion star. The companion star is only a short distance of 3 million kilometers from the blue star. Further measurements and calculations show that the mass of this invisible companion star is seven times that of the sun. According to the calculation of general relativity, as long as the mass of the star core is more than three times that of the sun, a stable neutron star cannot be formed after contraction, and it can only be a black hole.

So far, all the evidence shows that there is a black hole in Cygnus X- 1.

This is the first black hole discovered by human beings.