General situation of remote sensing technology development in the world

According to the concept of remote sensing, the invention of 1826 photography technology marked the birth of remote sensing technology, but before 1839, it was mainly ground photography. 1858, Frenchman Na Qiao took a bird's eye view of Paris with a balloon. 1859, J.W. Blake took a picture of Boston in the air with a balloon. At this time, the platforms used are balloons, kites and pigeons. The quality of the images taken is very poor.

2. Aerial remote sensing station

1903, the Wright brothers invented the plane, which created conditions for aerial photography. 1909 On April 23rd, the plane piloted by the Wright brothers took the first real aerial photograph in the world. 19 13, making topographic map according to photographic photos and developing stereo plotter, 19 13. Since the 1920s, many photogrammetry instruments have appeared one after another, such as Chase's precision stereo plotter and multiplier. 1924, color film production was completed, and aerial photography officially came out. At first, aerial photography was mainly used in photogrammetry and military fields, and then the application of data gradually developed to civilian use. From 65438 to 0930, the United States began to carry out national aerial surveys and compile small and medium-scale topographic maps and large-scale thematic maps serving agriculture. Since then, western Europe and the former Soviet Union have also started nationwide aerial surveys, and the corresponding aerial survey theory and technology have developed rapidly. 193 1 year, infrared sensitive aerial film appeared, and the stealth information of the target was obtained for the first time. 1937 was the first time to carry out color aerial photography, make false color infrared films, and explore multi-spectral and ultraviolet aerial photography. During the Second World War, radar and infrared detection technology were applied. In the 1950s, non-photographic imaging scanning technology and side-looking radar technology began to come into being and be applied, which broke the band range limit that film could reflect.

3. Space remote sensing stage

With the development of space technology, the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial earth satellite in 1957. Since then, the remote sensing platform has developed from aircraft to satellites and spacecraft. In the early 1960s, the United States took ground photos from Tiros meteorological satellite, Gemini and Apllo spacecraft. Later, land satellites, meteorological satellites and marine satellites were launched one after another. At the same time, in terms of sensors, after infrared film, new sensors such as multi-spectral camera, multi-band scanner, microwave radiometer, synthetic aperture side-looking radar and TV camera have come out one after another, which makes remote sensing technology develop from aerial remote sensing stage to space remote sensing stage. With the rapid development of remote sensing data acquisition technology, the resolution and accuracy of remote sensing data have been continuously improved, and the analysis, interpretation and data processing technology of remote sensing images have also made great progress. The research on remote sensing theory has made great achievements, and the work of cultivating remote sensing professionals has developed rapidly. Remote sensing data has been widely used in various fields and achieved remarkable results.