14 ancient teacher titles

1. Master: Used as a courtesy title for an elderly and knowledgeable person. Seeing Shu Mu's oath, he said, "Master, alas! Four, five, six, and seven cuts will not stop. " "Chu Yu Zhang Zi": "If a master doesn't learn, why should he always be a teacher!" Later, the master became a respectful name for the teacher.

2. Master: the general term for teachers. Preface to Historical Records Taishi Gong: "Confucius narrates the text, disciples start their own businesses, being salty as a master and respecting righteousness". Qinghe Bango's "Night Talk with Recorded Collection of Wisdom and Righteousness": "Although I am not as good as you, I am also a master and apprentice. Master Ling is a disciple. What is the purpose of reading? " . Nineteen Years of Biography of Gu Liang Zhao Gong: "It is not the master who is a child, but the father's sin." . Traditional apprentices need to find a mentor, a mentor and a mentor first, otherwise the master will not accept the apprentice.

3. Shi Bao: In ancient times, an official who assisted the emperor and taught the children of the royal family had a teacher and a Bao Zheng, collectively called "Shi Bao". Under the copula of Yi: "Without a teacher, you are like your parents." Feng Xian, Qing Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio: "Since then, I have been testing: every time I give up, it is tolerance; After working hard for a few days, you can laugh. So it hangs in the morning and evening, such as protecting teachers. " Tai Jia Zhong Shu: "In the past, Fogg followed the words of the teacher, but at the beginning of his demise, he still relied on the virtue of survival, and his plan was only to die."

4. Mr.: In ancient times, it was said that other people's husbands meant to learn from others. The first one was the teacher. "Mencius Gaozi Shang": "Yi Song will lead Chu, and Mencius said,' What will you do?' Zhao Qi's Note: "A bachelor is an elder, so he is called a gentleman."

5. Master: A master means that he has made great achievements in a certain field or many fields, but he does not necessarily have the ability to run a school, but a master must have the conditions to run a school. A master must be a master, and a master is not necessarily a master.

6. Teacher: A person who teaches students. Until the end of 19, He Ziyuan, the founder of modern education in China and a veteran of the Revolution of 1911, introduced western learning (American education) to China, and after establishing a new school, they began to define teachers as "teachers" in the student code of conduct. However, most students habitually change the title of "Mr." to "teacher", which started from the era of the National Government and has been in use ever since.

7. Teaching: In ancient times, people who made a living by teaching others to learn were called "teaching". Biography of Li Si in Historical Records: "Gao Feng ordered Hu Hai to study law for several years." Qing Qiu Jin's Dear Sisters: "Now there are more girls' schools and women's crafts are also popular, but you have learned scientific skills, taught and started working. Why can't you support yourself?"

8. Description: It means "formal teacher", established in Song Dynasty, responsible for educating students. On the Pope Prince by Zhang Jiuling in the Tang Dynasty: "If you are close to the refined people, don't listen to the teachings, and indulge in good deeds, you still don't know what to do." . Official History of Ming Dynasty IV: "Confucianism has one official professor and four lecturers. State, learning for one person, discipline for three people. In the county, there is a teacher, two instructors, professors, scholars, teachers, students and instructors. " . Wang Mingduo's "Shangshu Festival, Tombstone, Yuan Gong": "(Yuan Keli) Zujin, Hanchengjiao."

9. Professor: During the Han and Tang Dynasties, there were doctors teaching students in imperial academy. The doctor is the later professor. In the Song Dynasty, central and local schools began to set up professors. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were Confucian professors in state capitals, and there were Confucian professors in official schools in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the establishment of the new school in the late Qing Dynasty, the university set up full-time faculty and associate faculty.

10. teaching assistant: the rank of teachers' professional titles from low to high is teaching assistant, lecturer, associate professor and professor. The basic meaning is auxiliary teaching.

1 1. Scholarship: Tang system, each state and county has a doctor of classics to teach students with the Five Classics. Later, people generally called Guan Xue Xuebo. "The Scholars" 36 times: "This person is very different. Not only did I not study, but I also had no morale. "

12. School correction: Song imperial academy set up school correction and record, which were responsible for implementing school rules and taking part in examinations and punishments. In the Yuan Dynasty, except imperial academy, officials of land, state and county appointed by the Ministry of Rites, provinces and the Department of Publicity and Health were also called. Imperial academy was located on the border in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Xue Ming steamed wine. In the early Qing dynasty, it was not changed, and Qianlong was promoted to positive eight products. The scholar in Qingzhou is also called Zheng Xue. Learning is one of the establishment of grass-roots officials, which is located in imperial academy, while engaging in business is equivalent to being a teacher or administrator in official schools.

13. Learning record: Learning record is the official name of ancient civil servants in China, one of the establishment of grass-roots officials, deployed in official institutions such as imperial academy, and engaged in business is equivalent to teachers or school administrators.

14. Academic officials: Tutors refer to officials and regular teachers in charge of academic affairs. Legend has it that there were schools in the Xia Dynasty. The earliest schools were called Xiang, Xu and Xiao, which mainly taught martial arts.