Works by Byron, Shelley and Keats.

The representatives of romantic poets are Byron, Shelley and Keats. They grew up in the post-revolutionary era, and their ideals were suppressed by the harsh reality from the beginning. The French Revolution frightened the British rulers, fearing that a similar revolution would happen in Britain, so they took high-handed measures at home, especially treating free thought and public opinion as a scourge. Their high-handed politics inspired the rebellious spirit of the second generation of poets, which largely caused the differences between the two generations of romantic poets in Britain. The younger generation of poets, especially Byron and Shelley, inherited the tradition of enlightenment and democratic thought, supported the Luddite movement at home and the national liberation struggle abroad, and closely linked literature with reality. Their works are full of revolutionary passion and pursue individual liberation. This enthusiasm is also reflected in their description of nature.

The second generation of poets, represented by Byron, Shelley and Keats, created a completely different romantic style from the first generation. Byron, in particular, basically never publicly expressed his affection for Wordsworth or Coleridge, at least in style. He doesn't worship profundity and is half-hearted about philosophy, but he has more realistic romantic feelings and a sense of the times. He is easy to read, arouses enthusiasm and has more universal influence. Byron is a wonderful flower of European literature in the19th century. It once showed invincible charm for a period of time, aroused the love of Goethe, Hugo, Pushkin and young men and women, and enveloped many literati in its huge shadow. But if we draw a chart of this romantic poet's fate today, we will find that his reputation has experienced the biggest gap. Blake was finally discovered and quickly became a world cultural celebrity; The reputations of Wordsworth and Coleridge have been steadily rising. Wordsworth was despised at the beginning of the 20th century, but after World War II, they still maintained a classic position. Wordsworth was recognized by most scholars as the greatest romantic poet. Keats's reputation has never been ups and downs; Shelley created a sharply opposed camp, which was most despised after the 1920s, and was later regarded as a great poet by leftists and conservatives. Byron, on the other hand, declined rapidly from the peak of 19 century. At the end of the century, some people reflected on Byron phenomenon. Although there are still admirers, it is unfair to belittle and ignore it, and it was not deeply interpreted and objectively evaluated until after the middle of the 20th century.

George gordon byron (1788—— 1824): Byron phenomenon is one of the important contents of western spiritual culture in19th century. He embodies the passion of that immortal era and represents its wisdom, profound thoughts, fury and strength; His Prometheus-style lonely rebellious will was extraordinary in the spiritual life of Europeans in the last century, which changed "social structure, value judgment standard and cultural outlook". (Russell) This independent genius has the mind of a broad politician and the wisdom of a philosopher. He is sensitive and violent, with deep and delicate feelings. But he is also a dissolute son, a vain and arrogant Sir Alex Ferguson and a lonely egoist. He advocates great spirit and yearns for magnificent cause, but he is suffocated by dark times. His heart is sad, and his sigh fills his life ... Other poets weave dreams, but he was once regarded as the dream itself, creating a unique life in poetry, action and personality. He is integrated into literature, but he is greater than literature. He said that two emotions can define his essence: he loves freedom and hates hypocrisy (political, religious, social, romantic and so on). ), but he is a complex collection of contradictions: born with a limp, he loves to wander around; As a nobleman, he is full of hierarchy, but he also has the rebellious consciousness of civilians; Sometimes he is gloomy and anxious, but more often he shows kindness, humor or leisurely playing around the world; He advocates freedom, but sticks to the old style before the romantic era; He is subjective and confident, but rich in experience and common sense; He has a strong male-centered consciousness, but he often falls into what he calls "female thinking"; He hates war, but he is keen on "fighting for freedom". Finally, he went to war from material and action, which seems to be an interpretation of his surpassing or destroying literary texts and creating life texts with actions.

Many modern critics think Byron has first-class satirical and narrative talents, but on the whole, he enjoys a reputation that is not commensurate with his talents. It seems that his greatness is not mainly due to poetry itself, because among the so-called six great poets, his literary thoughts lack depth, and the richness of words, sentences and textures and the sense of balance of the text are not as good as others. Later, T.S. Eliot even said that he made no contribution to English. In fact, Byron used to imitate Wordsworth and Coleridge, whom he despised, indirectly in thoughts, images and words. Sometimes he used the inspiration of his good friend Shelley and even Keats, which inevitably seemed mediocre.

The core of Byron phenomenon is that he created a "Byronic hero", wandering around, with a melancholy personality, often consciously standing on the crowd and customs, satirizing the past and the present; Although there is a strong male-centered consciousness, it has a constant charm for women. Harold and Manfred can especially represent this lonely rebel; In addition, the central figure is also a typical example of this type in the romantic legendary poem "Oriental Narrative Poetry". These characters are extraordinary in appearance, energetic, brilliant and capable of doing something, but the evil society does not allow him to play his talents and become a victim of society. They all have cynical thoughts, all-round courage and all kinds of crazy romantic adventures. They are single-handedly "Avengers". Mentally, they are tenacious and arrogant, brave and firm, melancholy and lonely, mysterious and painful.

Percy bysshe shelley (1792—— 1822): Prometheus, liberated, occupies a central position in Shelley's poems, because it embodies the essence of his thoughts. The poetic drama is divided into four acts, describing Prometheus' bondage and liberation. Poetry makes Shelley's two themes-social change and human love-interweave and bring out the best in each other. There are two clues: the good and evil relationship between Prometheus and Jupiter and his separation and reunion with Asia. These two clues are linked by Pluto, which represents inevitability and primitive vitality. He affects the fate of the gods and determines the victory or defeat of different roles. The giant described by Aeschylus attracts poets because he resists violence with virtue. He basically represents a perfect personality, selfless, without ambition and jealousy, which combines human wisdom and eternal wisdom. When Shelley wrote this poem, he no longer overemphasized external changes, but paid more attention to self-improvement and the power of love, no longer involved in specific political freedom, but focused on the super and profound significance of freedom. Therefore, Prometheus Liberated is actually an ideal poem, which aims to show the illusion of ideal life and provide enlightenment for the rebirth of the universe. Compared with Byron's realistic revolutionary spirit, Shelley's revolutionary view is more ideal and therefore more thorough, which is a philosophical denial of all aspects of the existing world. "If winter comes, can spring be far behind?" It was Shelley who predicted that a better world would come in the future, which was thought-provoking Shelley is also famous for his lyric poems, inheriting the tradition of Wordsworth and integrating nature into his poems. Ode to the west wind, Cloud, Lark and other works are sonorous in rhyme, sincere in feelings and shining with profound ideological brilliance.

For Shelley, famous critics have been derogating from him, but some people think that Milton's massiness and Shelley's Air and Fire each represent half of Dante, and the top half is an honor. Shelley's poems are sometimes comparable to Mozart's music.

John keats (1795- 182 1): The life of the second generation of romantic poets is short, and Keats is the most sighing. He is only 26 years old, but he has left many beautiful poems, including Shakespeare and Dante, but he has not written a considerable level of works at such a young age. As far as the art of poetry is concerned, some people think that he is the most outstanding poet in the19th century. He is not only romanticism, but also aestheticism and decadence.

Although Keats' influence in European history is not as good as Byron's, Byron's reputation is incomparable with Keats' in the history of English poetry. Compared with Shelley, Keats is more willing to describe the dramatic picture of life with a warm and cold-eyed attitude, showing the artist's interest in real people who play various roles in real life. He doesn't hate the limited world because of the supreme ideal, but uses concrete human feelings to prove infinite existence. Keats pointed out in a letter 18 18 that Wordsworth is "more profound" than Milton, because he attaches importance to the journey of the soul in the secular world and pays more attention to "human heart" or "humanity" than Milton, and his unique talent can help us "explore" those "dark passages" in the "big house" of life. Some critics believe that Keats' tendency is to explore new permanent values. His main purpose is not to convince us that the world is full of suffering and oppression, but to summon up courage to accept the fact that the world is full of joy, health and freedom. These all belong to others, but we can also belong to ourselves as long as we work hard. The essence of Keats' thought and art is to make us have the courage to believe that others are happy and feel heartfelt joy for it.

After Keats, many people compared him with Shakespeare, and even thought that he was the poet most like Shakespeare in qualification and consciousness. Keats once emphasized that a poet, like Shakespeare, should have the ability to eliminate all kinds of interference from the inside and outside world, take the initiative to avoid rushing into the conflict of his works, and maintain a dramatic perspective. He said that Wordsworth showed "self-transcendence", which seemed to imply that he would rather get rid of Shakespeare's self-personality and try to sneak into the perspective of the characters in the play and make himself become every role. In the eyes of some modernist critics in the 20th century, Keats got rid of the "faults" of contemporary romantic poets, and his works can be regarded as ideal texts in the modern sense. Nowadays, people pay more attention to the temperament of a newcomer represented by Keats: he has a keen grasp of various emotions in real life, including guilt, desire, embarrassment and embarrassment, beauty and illness, loneliness and happiness, and can express such pain and happiness with vivid and concrete feelings.

Keats' representative works include: Endymion (18 18), Eve of St. agnes's Day (18 19) and Ode to a Nightingale (18 19).

Byron and Shelley met in April 18 16 in Lake Lemmon, Geneva, Switzerland. Shelley's atheism and optimism had a beneficial influence on Byron's thought and creation. In August, Shelley and his wife left Geneva. In August 2008, Shelley came to Venice to meet him. Between autumn and winter, Shelley wrote a poem "Julian and Maddalo", which was actually a kind criticism and exhortation to Byron. Judging from Byron's later works and practical actions, he seems to have accepted Shelley's criticism to some extent.

1May, 822, moved to Livorno with Gamba family.

In summer, together with Shelley, we invited Lee Hunt, who was persecuted in England, to come to Italy to organize the literary publication Free Man.

On July 8, Shelley drowned in Stacia Bay. Byron cremated Shelley.

In short, these two people are very good friends.

There is basically no difference between Byron and Keats, because Keats was born in a humble family and didn't often see these two nobles. But Keats enthusiastically praised Byron's poems in his early years and wrote a sonnet to Byron. Later, his views on Byron changed, which not only acknowledged Byron's lofty position in the poetic world, but also implicitly indicated that some of Byron's poems were just "pure power". "Although they were created by Muse, they were like fallen angels", he thought,

Nevertheless, Byron had no prejudice against Keats. He once praised Keats' unfinished long poem Hyperion as "lofty and solemn, comparable to Aeschylus' tragedy". After Keats died of lung disease at the age of 25, Byron wrote a poem condemning those critics who maliciously slandered Keats.

Shelley and Keats are not close friends, but Shelley has been paying attention to Keats. When Keats' condition deteriorated, Shelley invited him to spend the winter in Italy, but Keats declined politely. Keats wrote a long poem "Antony" after his death, comparing Keats to Antony, a beautiful boy who was loved by Venus in Greek mythology. Attuoni was injured by wild boar, more than Keats was injured before he died. It is also an affirmation of Keats' poems. Call him "a part of beauty"

Well, if you want the details of three people, there is a word limit. You can look it up in the encyclopedia.