From Mars exploration to manned spacecraft, the future of world space in 2020 can be expected.

The wheel of time rolls forward, and in a blink of an eye, the new century has entered the 1920s. Looking back, new forces and technologies have emerged in the space field. Looking ahead, the seeds of change have sprouted and long-term planning is about to blossom. When the new year comes, what surprises will the World Space Show bring us? Let's tidy up together!

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Wonderful reappearance of deep space exploration

launch

After a slightly lonely 20 19 years, deep space exploration in 2020 can be said to be very lively, and the most striking one is Mars exploration.

Mars provides

In 2020, there will be an opportunity of "Mars rushing to the sun" in June+10, 5438. In order to catch up with this opportunity, the determined launch window period is July. In the meantime, an unprecedented event will happen-humans will have four space probes flying to this red planet.

United States of America

NASA is a "veteran player" in Mars exploration, and will launch the Mars 2020 probe with the Cosmos 5 rocket in 2020. The mission includes an orbiter, an unmanned helicopter and an omni-directional rover. According to the current plan, this rover will land in the Yezelo crater on Mars in February 20021year. Scientists believe that this crater was once a lake bed and was connected with many rivers billions of years ago. If the plan goes well, the rover will collect more than 30 kinds of soil samples and seal them in special containers. Another mission that NASA will carry out in 2026 will be based on this. At that time, these samples will be transported to the rocket ready to return to Earth with the help of a European-made rover. The rocket will be launched from the surface of Mars and bring the samples back to Earth. This complete task is called "Mars sample retrieval" and is expected to be completed around 203 1.

Nasa's rover

China

China will use the Long March 5 rocket to launch the Mars-1 Mars probe. According to the plan, China's Mars exploration mission plan is equipped with "orbiter", "lander" and "patrol" at the same time, and it is the first time in the world to accomplish three major tasks of orbiting the moon, landing and patrolling in one Mars exploration process. "Mars 1" will take about seven months to reach Mars and land near the equator.

The appearance and landing patrol of China rover

ESA and Russia

ESA and the Russian National Space Corporation will jointly carry out the ExoMars 2020 mission, and launch the orbiter developed by ESA, rosalind franklin patrol and the Cossack Lander developed by Russia with proton rockets. The rover will explore the surface of Mars for at least 7 months, analyze the collected soil samples and look for biomolecules or biomarkers that can prove the existence of life.

ExoMars 2020 Mars probe

The United Arab Emirates

In addition, the previously unknown UAE will also use the Japanese P rocket to launch the Hope Mars exploration orbiter as a gift for the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The general contractor of the detector is the Atmospheric and Sky Physics Laboratory of the University of Colorado, and the three main detection equipment carried by the detector are the University of Colorado, the University of California at Berkeley and the University of Arizona. The probe has been in orbit for a long time to study the atmosphere and environment of Mars.

Japan's P rocket

The Moon and Asteroids

China's Chang 'e-5 mission will carry out the lunar sampling return mission, which is the first time to retrieve lunar samples since 1976 (when the Soviet Union "Moon 24" brought back170g of lunar soil).

"Chang 'e V"

India restarted the landing project of Lunar Ship No.3, striving to launch in 2020, achieving a soft landing on the lunar surface and completing the mission of "Lunar Ship No.2".

The privately-funded International Lunar Observatory also plans to launch an electronic rocket in July 2020 and land on the south pole of the moon using the MX- 1E lunar lander of Moon Express.

The Osiris Rex probe launched by NASA on September 8, 20 16 will collect soil samples from the asteroid Benu in July.

Osiris rex detector

Japan's Hayabusa 2, which successfully collected soil samples from the asteroid Dragon Palace, will return to Earth in 2020.

"Hayabusa II"

sun

Two solar probes will be launched in 2020. After the launch of ESA's solar orbiter, its orbit will be lifted above the solar pole by the gravity of Venus and the Earth in a few years, which provides a new perspective for solar observation. India's Aditya L 1 detector will be placed in the halo orbit of Lagrange L 1 on the sun and the earth, about10.5 million kilometers away from the earth, aiming at continuously observing the sun's particle flux, magnetic flux and other parameters.

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Manned space flight is no longer lonely

There will also be new members in manned space flight in 2020. After years of jumping tickets and a series of unsuccessful experiments, the United States finally stood at the door of restoring manned space launch capability. For the first time since 20 1 1, Americans were finally able to get rid of Russia and transport their astronauts to the International Space Station in low-earth orbit.

International Space Station

At present, the manned dragon spacecraft of Space Exploration Technology Company and the CST- 100 StarCraft of Boeing Company have completed the unmanned flight test. In the next 2020, they will all have their first manned mission. For Russia, after a series of unmanned missions and experiments with Soyuz MS- 14 spacecraft, Soyuz -2. 1A carrier rocket will also usher in its first manned mission.

Space exploration technology company's manned dragon spacecraft

Boeing CST- 100 starcraft

Soyuz -2. 1A carrier rocket

In 2020, China's Long March V-B carrier rocket will also have its first flight test. If the test is successful, China will start building the space station in China.

Concept map of China space station

After years of delay, Russia will send the last module of the International Space Station, the Russian-built multi-purpose experimental module Nauka, to the International Space Station in June 2020 with the European robotic arm. The multi-purpose experimental module can supply materials to the International Space Station, control the space station with engines, and add additional ports for docking spacecraft and scientific research modules. Prior to this, in August, the dock docking module on the International Space Station will be taken off track by the cargo ship Progress MS- 15 to make room for Nauka.

The cargo ship Progress MS- 15

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Rockets and satellites are constantly changing.

Under the constant impact of new technology and commercialization, traditional launch vehicles and application satellites are also accelerating their iterations, which often gives people a dazzling feeling, and it will be the same in 2020.

In 2020, according to the plan, a large number of new launch vehicles will be tested for the first time and put into operation.

Indian small launch vehicle SSLV, Japanese P rocket, ESA Ariane -6 rocket and Vega -C rocket, and China's Long March 8 and Long March 7 A-class rockets will all make their first flights.

Among the commercial aerospace companies, the air-launched rocket 1 of Virgin Orbit and the Alpha rocket of Firefly Aerospace will be put into use. China's clipper 1 1 rocket and Jielong-2 rocket may also join the fray this year. The rocket laboratory, which has successfully carried out commercial launch, plans to open a new launch site in 2020. Space Exploration Technology will try to recycle the second stage of Falcon 9 rocket, thus further reducing the launch cost.

Another bright spot in 2020 is that a large number of Internet satellites will be deployed and enter the stage of large-scale construction.

In 2020, One Net will deploy more than 300 satellites from French Guiana using Arianespace's Russian Soyuz rocket.

Space exploration technology company finally plans to deploy more than 700 satellites this year. The Red Rock Constellation in China will also build a "2+4+2" system this year. The earth's near-earth orbit will enter an unprecedented crowded state.

It can be seen that 2020 is brilliant and the future can be expected.