What kind of dinosaur is the best?

tyrannosaurus

A fierce carnivorous dinosaur. Survived in the late Cretaceous. It is the largest known terrestrial carnivore, with a body length of 15m, a head length of 1.5m and a body height of 6m. The skull is heavy, high and flat, with two big holes in front of the eyes and an oval orbit. Teeth are extremely developed. There are thick traces of movable ligament fixation between odontoid bone, epiphysis bone and anterior articular bone, and the neck bone is short, with 9 ~ 10 cervical vertebra. Its structural characteristics are short and wide. The shoulder strap degenerates, the scapula is slender, and the humerus is short, only half as long as the scapula. The forefoot has degenerated and thinned, with only two fingers, and the third finger may still be left. Tyrannosaurus rex's belt is very developed and compact. Not only the intestine and sacrum heal closely, but also the distal ends of ischium and pubis are connected with each other. The distal pubic bone expands into a cardioid process, while the distal ischium is rod-shaped. Such a thick band structure shows that its hind limbs are very active. Tyrannosaurus rex mainly lives in hilly areas and mainly preys on herbivorous reptiles. Due to the change of living environment, Tyrannosaurus rex became extinct in the late Cretaceous.

Information (information)

English) → Name → Tyrannosaurus Rex

Other Chinese Names (Chinese [Other]) → ...

Latin scientific name) → Tyrannosaurus Rex

Pronunciation → tye-ran-uh-sawr-us

Meaning) → Common name: cruel lizard

Name: Dragon King

Sequence) → sciatica.

Suborder) → theropod suborder.

Class (suborder) → Neotheropoda.

Tetanurae hard-tailed dinosaur

Bird's foot suborder

Urinary osteophyte in body cavity

Maniraptorifromes, the dinosaur thief

Tyrannosaurus rex superfamily

Family) → Tyrannosaurus Rex

Subsubfamily → Tyrannosaurus Rex subfamily

Tribe) → Tyrannosaurus Rex.

) → Tyrannosaurus Rex

Type species → Tyrannosaurus Rex.

Other species) → ...

Misclassified species → t.amplus = Aublysodon amplus

T. rex

T.efremovi= Tyrannosaurus rex

T. great ape = Tyrannosaurus rex

T. rex

T.lancensis= Tyrannosaurus rex

T.lancinator= Tyrannosaurus rex

T. lanping Tyrannosaurus

Tyrannosaurus Luanchuan = Tyrannosaurus Luanchuan

T. rex

T.novojilovi= Tyrannosaurus rex

T.stanwinstonorum= Tyrannosaurus rex

T. torosaurus

T.turfan Tyrannosaurus rex

Period) → Late Maastricht of Late Cretaceous

Found in) → Alberta, Canada, New Mexico, Montana, Colorado, Wyoming, etc.

Discovery of strata) → ...

Diet) → meat

Typical length) → total length 15m, and the height is about 6m.

Estimated mass → 6.5-7 tons

Finder) → Barnum Brown) 1902

First description → Henry Osborne), 1905.

brief introduction

In the following introduction, you may wonder why we don't use the full name of this animal. Take Tyrannosaurus rex for example. Although more people know it is called Tyrannosaurus Rex, we call it Tyrannosaurus Rex. We do this for two reasons. First, for some animals in a series, there is enough evidence to identify their genera, but it is impossible to identify the species in their genera. Secondly, it will make the names less confusing. Although everyone is familiar with the name Tyrannosaurus Rex, it is not appropriate to give all animals full names.

[a] Barnum Brown discovered the first Tyrannosaurus Rex fossil in Montana, USA in 1902. Tyrannosaurus rex has a big head. Tyrannosaurus rex's forelimbs are very short, and each hand has two fingers; The hind legs are big and powerful, and each foot has three toes. Every finger and toe has claws. Tyrannosaurus rex has a thin, hard tail. It has 60 teeth, each of which is 9 inches long and very sharp. When a tooth falls out, a new tooth will grow out. Tyrannosaurus rex walked on two legs. It can run very fast, 30 miles per hour. It has good sight and smell. Tyrannosaurus rex has a big head. This is a clever dinosaur. It lives alone, sometimes with another Tyrannosaurus Rex. We don't know whether they take care of their children.

Tyrannosaurus rex may be one of the largest carnivorous dinosaurs ever recorded on earth. It is the latest carnivore. It has sixty sharp teeth with serrated edges, some of which are as long as18cm. It has huge upper and lower jaws; With a head as long as 1.3 meters, it might be able to eat a whole person-if there were humans around at that time. Tyrannosaurus stood up more than two stories high and could swallow a cow in one bite. Strangely, the front foot of Tyrannosaurus Rex is very short, which is not much different from human arms. So some scientists think that Tyrannosaurus rex can't prey, but can only eat dead bodies. Tyrannosaurus rex is a monster, and its whole body seems to be designed to attack other dinosaurs; Long and narrow head, muscular cheeks, short and thick neck and strong body. The hind legs are stout and the tail is not too long. It can be straightened backward to balance its body, with a wide mouth and sharp teeth, about 15cm long ... only its forelimbs are disproportionately small, with only two weak fingers. Some people once thought that Tyrannosaurus rex was a heavy and slow animal, but the latest research thinks that Tyrannosaurus rex can run at a speed of more than 40 kilometers per hour. If so, I'm afraid no prey can escape its pursuit.

[C] The fossil record hardly provides any evidence about the courtship of Tyrannosaurus Rex, so we can only imagine its courtship picture according to the behavior of similar animals today. Tyrannosaurus Rex is a large carnivore, bigger than any of its prey. So it can knock down its prey alone, and it is likely to live alone. It is unfavorable to act with other Tyrannosaurus Rex, because it will reduce the number of prey. We can also find similar phenomena in today's large carnivores such as bears and cheetahs. On the other hand, although male dinosaurs wandered around looking for mates, female dinosaurs had definite fields.

The next question is, how do stray male dinosaurs attract female dinosaurs? Male Tyrannosaurus Rex used food to pursue female Tyrannosaurus Rex. In the courtship process of animals, these gifts as food, or "love chips", are very important. This is sometimes caused when female dinosaurs are about to nest and hatch eggs. She needs to be full to keep her eggs in the best condition. Male dinosaurs can also prove that they are good at getting food. There is an incidental factor in this example: the female Tyrannosaurus Rex is bigger than the male Tyrannosaurus Rex, so the male Tyrannosaurus Rex is willing to make the female Tyrannosaurus Rex full and happy because he avoids being eaten by the female Tyrannosaurus Rex as food.

The actual food provided by Tyrannosaurus Rex is the body of Triceratops. Because Triceratops was a common herbivorous dinosaur at that time, people were always willing to assume that Tyrannosaurus Rex used them as food. Thanks to some clever research, this is no longer a hypothesis. We have confirmed that Triceratops is the food of Tyrannosaurus Rex. Dr Greg Erickson, from the Mount Loki Museum in Montana, found that the hip bone of Triceratops was covered with tooth marks. Obviously, these large carnivores feed on Triceratops. In order to find out what kind of carnivore it is, Dr. Eriksson filled one of the deep bite marks with tooth putty, and the model obtained was obviously the same as that of Tyrannosaurus Rex's teeth. This result can even show how they actually eat. They accidentally peeled off the meat from the bone, but bit through the meat and bone hard and then tore off large pieces of meat.

In scientists' imagination, mating behavior will last around the body for a period of time. Komodo dragons like to mate around food. But in the end, the female dinosaur will fiercely force the male dinosaur to leave. The struggle between individuals is an obvious feature of Tyrannosaurus Rex. They have more or less terrible wounds and bite marks on their skulls and bones. And we know that in many cases, this is not caused by their bodies being stirred up after death. We have evidence of healing (such as new bones), which proves that the wound was caused when the animal was still alive.

In fact, many of these wounds are teeth marks on the head, which also shows another key element of Tyrannosaurus Rex's behavior. Their heads are their main weapons. If we compare the body shape of Tyrannosaurus rex with other carnivorous dinosaurs, it is obvious that Tyrannosaurus rex has much shorter arms, much bigger teeth and stronger jaws than other dinosaurs. Because Tyrannosaurus Rex's arms are so short, when they bite other animals, their arms can only be used as claws. Paleontologists are controversial about whether Tyrannosaurus Rex is really an active carnivore. Jack Homer, a famous paleontologist, is opposed to this. He thinks Tyrannosaurus Rex is just an animal that eats carrion. We see that many opinions have been put forward here. Tyrannosaurus rex is not just an animal that eats carrion. However, like many carnivores nowadays, they sometimes eat carrion.

Among solitary carnivores like bears, cheetahs and leopards, mothers take care of their cubs. But will Tyrannosaurus Rex take care of their cubs? There is evidence that some dinosaurs did take care of their offspring, but for Tyrannosaurus rex, we can only speculate. Today, their close relatives are predatory birds and crocodiles, and these animals will take care of their offspring to some extent. Unlike mammals who took care of their young for a long time, dinosaurs only took care of their young in infancy. For carnivorous birds like owls, there is a lot of competition between young birds: brothers will kill each other, or parents will prefer the strongest young birds. We extend this behavior to Tyrannosaurus Rex.