Common sense of Yang Wen culture

1. In China culture, what do runes, Yang Wen, Jinshi and Xiazhang represent respectively?

1, example:

For example, this is from The Justice of Sui Shu. In ancient times, the reward of asking people to do poetry and calligraphy was called running pen, and the standard set was called running example or running grid.

2. Yang Wen:

Text or pattern with raised surface. Using die printing, knife engraving, pen overlapping and other methods, concave and convex objects, plane characters and patterns appear.

The characters are convex in masculine and concave in feminine.

3. Stone:

Genus of gold and beautiful stones; It is often used to describe the firmness and firmness of things, the firmness and loyalty of the mind; Refers to the ancient inscription, ode to the chronicle of Zhong Ding tablet; Refers to a class of musical instruments; It is often used as a metaphor for the sonorous tone and beautiful language of poetry and prose.

4. Leisure articles:

Leisure chapter refers to the seal other than the seal of name, study, official position and book. It evolved from the seal of auspicious words in Qin and Han Dynasties. In addition to carving auspicious words, poems, aphorisms and self-discipline words are often carved.

Artists who are good at seal cutting and calligraphy and painting generally have many seals. These many seals, except the name and font size, are collectively called "idle printing" in Indian studies.

Extended data:

The main forms of leisure articles:

Leisure articles generally include introductory articles, corner articles, auspicious articles, warning articles, collection articles, appreciation articles, lent, hall, pavilion and living room articles, etc.

Its form is informal and varies in size, generally greater than or equal to a famous seal. Traditional literati painting in China pays attention to the integration of poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing.

When appreciating paintings and calligraphy, we always start with the appreciation of the seal and identify the knowledge and accomplishment of the painter from the seal. A good leisure chapter is not only interesting, but also a silent self-expression of seal engravers and painters. Therefore, there is a saying that "idle chapters are not idle" and "idle chapters are fun".

Baidu Encyclopedia-Running Example

Baidu Encyclopedia-Yang Wen

Baidu encyclopedia-Jinshi

Baidu encyclopedia-leisure articles

2. In China culture, what do runes, Yang Wen, Jinshi and writing chapters represent respectively?

1, rune example: rune example, from Sui Shu Justice Biography. In ancient times, the reward of asking people to write poems and paintings was called Fu Wen Bi, and the standard set was called Fu Wen Shi or Long Ge.

2. Yang Wen: words or patterns with raised surfaces. Using die printing, knife engraving, pen overlapping and other methods, concave and convex objects, plane characters and patterns appear.

The characters are convex in masculine and concave in feminine. 3. Jinshi: the genus of Jinmeishi; It is often used to describe the firmness and firmness of things, the firmness and loyalty of the mind; Refers to the ancient inscription, ode to the chronicle of Zhong Ding tablet; Refers to a class of musical instruments; It is often used as a metaphor for the sonorous tone and beautiful language of poetry and prose.

4. Idle printing: Idle printing refers to seals other than engraving names, borrowing rooms, official positions and book printing. It evolved from the seal of auspicious words in Qin and Han Dynasties. In addition to carving auspicious words, poems, aphorisms and self-discipline words are often carved.

Artists who are good at seal cutting and calligraphy and painting generally have many seals. These many seals, except the name and font size, are collectively called "idle printing" in Indian studies.

Extended data:

The main forms of leisure chapter are: leisure chapter, which generally includes "introductory chapter", "corner chapter", "auspicious chapter", "warning chapter", "collection chapter", "appreciation chapter" and "lent, library and library chapter". Its form is informal and varies in size, generally greater than or equal to a famous seal.

Traditional literati painting in China pays attention to the integration of poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing. When appreciating paintings and calligraphy, we always start with the appreciation of the seal and identify the knowledge and accomplishment of the painter from the seal.

A good leisure chapter is not only interesting, but also a silent self-expression of seal engravers and painters. Therefore, there is a saying that "idle chapters are not idle" and "idle chapters are fun".

Baidu Encyclopedia-Run Baidu Encyclopedia-Yang Wen Baidu Encyclopedia-Jinshi Baidu Encyclopedia-Idle Chapter.

3. What is the common sense of ancient culture in classical Chinese?

Classical Chinese cultural common sense article Source: User-provided hits: 44 1 update time: 2008-7-6 16: 14:29 I, the national examination of the imperial examination system-the imperial examination lifts people-Gong Jinshi Xieyuan. Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, Songshan Mountain in Zhongyue, Hengshan Mountain in Beiyue and Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue 3. Yin and Yang: In ancient times, Shannan was Yang, and Shannan was Yin 4. Nanjing: Jiankang, Jinling 5. Yangzhou: Guangling 6. Suzhou: Gusu 7. Chengdu: Golden Crown City 3. Appointment and removal of official positions: granting official positions; Except: exempting old posts from new posts; Grant: to grant an official position; "withdrawal"; Transfer: transfer, generally referring to promotion; Left shift: demotion and transfer; Stop: dismissal, suspension; Exemption: Exemption from official position; Abandon: depose, demote; Chen: Demotion and transfer 4. Time: morning (noon): (noon) evening: new moon: the first day of the lunar calendar: the fifteenth day of the lunar calendar: the sixteenth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar, also known as 1, and Wang Meng: Wang Haoran 2, an idyllic poet. Ouyang Xiu 4, Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan 5, four famous writers in the early Tang Dynasty, Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo 6, Su Xin, Su Shi, Xin Qiji 7, Kong Meng 8, three world short story writers, Chekhov, O Henry 9, and four cultural celebrities, Qu Yuan and Mencius 9. Su San: Su Shi, Su Zhe, Su Xun 12, Su Huang: Su Shi, Huang Tingjian 13, four famous writers of Yuan Dynasty: Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu, Zheng Guangzu, Ma Zhiyuan 14, four famous literary works: A Dream of Red Mansions, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin Journey to the West/kloc-0. Three friends in cold years: Songzhumei 17, Four Gentlemen in Flowers: Mei Lanzhuju 18, Four Treasures of the Study: Pen and ink 19, * * *: Guo Feng in the Book of Songs, Li Sao in Chu Ci 20, Yuefu Shuangbi: Peacock East Brother: Brother: Poet: Poet. Chrysanthemum: yellow flowers; Cuckoo: sub-rule; Hometown: Mulberry; Country: country; History: history:10; Civilians: cloth:11; War: beacon smoke:12; Music. Characters posthumous title Li Bai: Shi Jushi Bai Juyi: Xiangshan Jushi Su Shi: Dongpo Jushi Pu: Liu Quan Jushi is called Mr. Liaozhai Du Fu: Poet Saint Tao Yuanming: State Master Ouyang Xiu: Drunk Poet Liu Qingzhao: Yi 'an Jushi Lu You: Xin Qiji: Jia Xuanmeng Zi: Yasheng's name, character and number were given by the ancients when they were young, and words were taken in adulthood.

Names are given by fathers or elders. Words have a meaningful connection with names.

Words are for the convenience of others. Courtesy and respect for peers or elders.

Number, also known as nickname and table number, is chosen by oneself to express some interest or express some emotion. Standing at the age of eight or thirty, standing at the age of forty, not confused, knowing the destiny, and being crowned as an adult. Nine, the number of years, remember the year of heavenly stems and earthly branches. Ten, the naming method of the collection. Native place: Liuhe Dongji Library: Strange Stories from a Lonely Studio. Inscription: Complete Works of Li Taibai, alias: Jia Xuan's long and short sentences. Posthumous title: Ouyang Wenzhong's Collection of Official Documents. Official post: Du Gongbu Collection. Famous people and events: Pangu opened the sky, Nu Wa made up the sky by refining stones, Jingwei reclaimed the sea, Fuxi invented gossip, and Kuafu chased the sun. 12. Monograph The Book of Songs: The First Book of Poetry: The First River Monograph Historical Records: The First Biography, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and Zuo Zhuan: The First Book.

4. What should we pay attention to when collecting common sense of ancient culture in China?

There are roughly three situations of calling people by their first names: (1) claiming their first names or calling them by their first names.

Such as "Within five steps, please ask the king to spill blood on his neck" and "Luling Wen Tianxiang preface his poems". (2) for introduction or biography.

For example, "Sui and Lu Su are both interested in Sun Quan" and "Liu Jingting is from Taizhou". (3) people who are disgusted and despised.

For example, "Unfortunately, Lu Shimeng is evil in the former, but flattering in the latter". The ancients named it "Cheng Zi" when they were young, and took the word (male 20 years old, female 15 years old) when they came of age. There is a meaningful connection between words and names.

Chinese characters are for the convenience of others, courtesy and respect for peers or elders. For example, Qu Ping is Qu Yuan, Sima Qian is Sima Zichang, Tao Yuanming is Tao, Li Bai is Du Fu, Han Yu is Han tui, Liu Zongyuan is Liu Zihou, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Yongshu, Sima Guang is Sima Junshi, Su Shi is Su Zizhan, and Su Zhe is Su Ziyuan.

Book names are also called alias numbers and table numbers. The fundamental difference between a name, a character and a number is that the former is decided by the father or elder, while the latter is decided by himself.

Number, generally only used to claim to express some interest or express some emotion; The address of a person is also a kind of honorific title. Such as: Mr. Wu Liu, Li Bai's Qinglian Jushi, Du Fu's Shaoling Yelao, Bai Juyi's Xiangshan Jushi, Li Shangyin's Yuxi Sheng, He's self-proclaimed Siming Fancy in his later years, Ouyang Xiu's Drunk, Liu Yi Jushi in his later years and Wang Anshi's Mid-Levels in his later years.

In ancient posthumous title, after the death of princes, senior officials and famous scribes, they were called posthumous title. For example, Tao Yuanming's name is Jing Shi, Ouyang Xiu is Ouyang Wenzhong, Wang Anshi is Wang Wengong, Fan Zhongyan is Gong, Wang Ao is Su Gong, Zuo Guangdou is Zuo Gong, Shi Kefa is Shi Zhonglie Gong, and Lin Zexu is Lin Wenzhong Gong.

Calling Qin Gui Minister is a kind of "evil death". Calling a vegetarian name means calling it by a vegetarian name or room number.

For example, Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, called Zhai Wei, and people called him Yang. Yao Nai is called Mr. Bao and Mr. Bao because of his name. Another example is Pu Songling's name is Mr. Liaozhai, Liang Qichao's name is the owner of the icehouse, and Tan Sitong's name is Tan Zhuangfei (his fasting name is Zhuangfei Building).

According to legend, Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was from Xiangyang, so he was called Meng Xiangyang. Zhang Jiuling is from Qujiang, so he is called Zhang Qujiang. Liu Zongyuan is a native of Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi), so he is called Liu Hedong; Wang Anshi was born in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province in the Northern Song Dynasty, so people called him King Linchuan. Tang Xianzu, a dramatist in the Ming Dynasty, was named Tang Linchuan (Linchuan, Jiangxi). Gu, a beginner in Qing Dynasty, was born in Kunshan Town, Jiangsu Province, and was called Gu. Kang Youwei is a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, known as Kang Nanhai; Yuan Shikai, the leader of Beiyang warlord, is called Yuan Xiangcheng (from Xiangcheng, Henan). There is a famous couplet full of irony in the late Qing Dynasty: "Hefei, the prime minister, is thinner than the world, and Changshu, the farmer, is barren."

The first couplet "Hefei" refers to Li Hongzhang (from Hefei, Anhui), and the second couplet "Changshu" refers to Weng Tonghe who was born in Changshu, Jiangsu. Although Han Yu, known as the king of the county, was born in Heyang, Hanoi (now Meng County, Henan Province), Han Yu often called himself "Changli Han Yu", because the Han surname of Changli (now Yixian County, Liaoning Province) was an aristocratic family in the Tang Dynasty, so the world called him Han Changli.

For another example, Su Shi was originally from Meizhou, Sichuan, but he sometimes called himself "Su Shi in Zhao County" and "Su Zhao County" because Su Shi was a noble family in Zhao County. It is called "Sun Qiulu is smart and kind", and "Sun Qiulu" is Sun Quan, so it is called because he was once awarded the position of General Qiu Lu.

In Meihualing, there are some sentences, such as "coming from the north" and "Yan Taishi uses his troops wisely, and Wen Shaobao uses his troops to make a bright future". Running is Hong Chengchou's official position, a surname is the provincial name of Yan Zhenqing's official position, and Shaobao is Wen Tianxiang's official position. "Book with Wife": "Sima Chun shirt, you can't learn too much."

"Sima" refers to Bai Juyi, who was once a Sima in Jiangzhou. It was quite common to use official names as titles of people in ancient times, such as calling Jia Yi Jia Taifu; Ruan Ji, one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest", used to be a captain of the infantry and was called Ruan Infantry in the world. Ji Kang once worshipped Zhong Sanyi, who was known as Zhong Sanyi in the world. Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was a general of the right army, and people still call him Wang Youjun. Wang Wei, formerly known as Shangshu Youcheng, was called Wang Youcheng. Du Fu is called the left scavenger, and he is also called Du Gongbu, because he is a foreign minister. Liu Yuxi used to be a guest of honor of the prince and was called Liu Ke. Liu Yong was the foreign minister of wasteland, known as Liu wasteland; Su Shi was once a bachelor of Hanlin in Duanmingtang, and was called Su.

The title of "training frugality to show health" is "the luxury crown in recent years", the title of Kou Zhun is Lai Guogong, and Lai Gong is a provincial title. In Meihualing, Duoduo was named Prince Yu by the Qing Dynasty.

In the biography of Liu Jingting, "Ningnan goes south, Anhui Shuai wants to marry Ningnan and pay tribute to the shogunate Zhongting". Ningnan was the provincial name of Zuo Liangyu in the late Ming Dynasty. For example, Zhuge Liang was once conferred the title of marquis of Wu, so later generations are commensurate with marquis of Wu; Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, attacked the title of Xie Xuan, his ancestor, and he thanked him in the past. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, it was named Zheng Guogong, so it was called Wei in the world. Guo Ziyi, a famous soldier, was named Guo Ziyi and called "Guo Fenyang" for putting down the Anshi Rebellion. Chu Suiliang, a great calligrapher, was named Duke of Henan, known as Chu Henan in the world; In the Northern Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi was named King Gong Jing. Sima Guang was once named the Duke of Wen, and the world called Sima Wengong. In the early Ming Dynasty, Liu Ji, the minister of Zhu Yuanzhang, was knighted with sincerity, and people were commensurate with sincerity.

Official land refers to the place name of official land. Such as "Battle of Red Cliffs": "What does Yuzhou want now?" Because Liu Bei used to be the secretariat of Yuzhou, he called it an official place.

Another example is Jia Yi, who was once dismissed as Teacher Wang of Changsha, and was known as Jia Changsha in the world. Kong Rong, one of the "seven sons of Jian 'an", was once a Beihai phase, known as Kong Beihai in the world; Tao Yuanming was once the magistrate of Pengze County, and was known as Tao Pengze in the world. Luo was once the magistrate of Linhai County, and was known as Luo Linhai in the world. Cen Can used to be a secretariat, known as CenJiaZhou; Wei was once the secretariat of Suzhou, known as Wei Suzhou in history; Liu Zongyuan used to be the secretariat of Liuzhou, known as Liu Liuzhou in the world; Jia Dao used to be the master book of Changjiang County, known as Jia Changjiang in the world, and his poetry collection was called Changjiang Collection. Also known as "Travel to the Mountain", there are four people, Lu's father, his father and Changle Wang.

5. Common sense of ancient river god culture

River God, usually called Yellow River Water God, is the most influential river god among the ancient Han people in China. After the establishment of Yin, he attached great importance to the sacrifice of river gods.

With the establishment of the River Temple, the worship of local river gods was very active during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. "Historical Records of the Zen": With the Qin Dynasty, the gods and spirits of famous mountains and rivers that officials often worship can be obtained and ordered. Water, like a river, is transferred to gold. "Four Notes on Etiquette in Old Tang Dynasty": (Tang Xuanzong Tianbao was six years old) He read Feng Lingyuan Gong. Song Zhi Li Ba: In the first year of Renzong Kangding, Numa River was read as the source king of the Holy Spirit. Shun Di Ji of Yuan History: In the eleventh year, Jiafenghe recited the name of God and the spiritual source blessed King Hongji.

The name of the river god is Hebo, also known as Hebo; Hebo's real name, Feng Yi (or a soldier's instrument, but no instrument), was first found in Zhuangzi, Chu Ci, Shan Hai Jing and so on. In Selected Works, Shan Li noticed that Sichuan was followed by Hebo, and Yu Qiang was taken as Hebo in Searching for the Gods of Three Religions.

Rebuilding the map of the six dragons and fish river: the name of the river is Gongmingzi, and the name of the wife is Fengming Yijun. Hebo's surname is Gongzi and Mrs. Feng. The ancient sage wrote: "Feng Yi, a native of Hongyang, lived in the abandoned Guandi Road, where he was given eight stones and got a narcissus named Hebo.

"Wild West": There are people riding white horses on the surface of the West Sea, with Zhu chasing his head and wearing a white crown; From ten boys, galloping on the sea of Maas, flying around like the wind, he was named the envoy of Hebo.

Map of True Spirit: Taiqing is on the right, Hebo (supplemented by enlightened people) Volume 14: Hebo people face, riding two dragons, one day with ice wings, one day with phoenix wings, and then returning to face fish. "synopsis of the golden chamber" says a feng Xun (a revised draft); "River Map" says that the surname is easy; "Mu Tian Zi Zhuan" said nothing; "Huainanzi" said Feng Chi; "Sage" said, take eight stones, get daffodils, "Bao Puzi" said, throw yourself into the river in August.

Immortals in Past Dynasties Look in the Mirror, Volume II; Feng Yi, a snake-faced man in Bing Xu, was the first person in charge of the township. A taste of Hua Yin suits the stone, and you will get the way of flooding in Ling Bo. In the north, I live on the mountain of Hanyang Mausoleum, and I talk to you. Explore from the deepest, go deep into three aspects, and learn from Xuan Ming the method of chaos. When I got up, I saw a bird sucking water and sprinkling water, and turning it into rain. Bing Xu and the waterfront, always attract each other and get familiar with each other, can buy bosom sleeves, named Shang Yang. Wu was born in Youchao's family, and specially adopted the essence of rain and dew, which can be strong or small, the sea can be dry, and the plateau can't be given. (Press: It is helpful to fight against the Yellow Emperor in particular. )

The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties Volume 15: The Yellow River, Hebo.

Besides, there are river gods and river weather.

True Spirit Bitmap: Taiqing Right: He Hou.

"Ancient and Modern Book Integration, Divine Canon" Volume 27 cited "Hua County Records" in the south of the county. The river in handong county decided that three satrap statues filled the river with their own bodies, but the water was gone. And the pawn, the people are waiting for the river.

The local river god and the sacred queen of Yinhe

"Continuation of the General Examination and Group Examination" III: In the twenty-seventh year of Dading, the Yellow River Shentian in Zhengzhou County entered the temple, which was endowed with spirit, virtue and benefit. Shangshu Province said: Shenghou Temple in Yin He County, Zhengzhou, suffered from the river in the previous generation, and was added to the temple after repeated prayers. Today, due to prayer, the river flows smoothly, begging for praise and giving. Since the Qing dynasty, the emperor has given a special amount, and at the age of 18, the county guards the Spring and Autumn Festival.

Xiao Shenyang Chen Ping

"Month Order Generalized Year Order One": The river god is Chen Ping, the country of Han Dynasty. "Three Religions Seeking the Source of God" Volume II: He Du, Ping Ye. In the Tang Dynasty, the word "Gong" was sealed, and then the word "Gong" was added. The holy dynasty sealed the word "King Lingyuan Hongji".

Small Shenyang Taifeng family

"The Mirror of Immortals in Past Dynasties" Volume 1: There was once a Taifeng dwelling in Heshan, which was a five-fold folk song, but it was only the ninth capital of the river. Thailand appreciates good deeds, rides a horse, goes in and out lightly, and moves the spirit of heaven and earth. People call it Ji Shen, but they say it is not a river god.

Jinlong siwang

"General Examination of Qing Dynasty Documents: Group Examination" II: Three years of Shunzhi, given to the God of Tongji. I want to make an analogy: it is published in Congress; Thank God for the name, Zhejiang native, Sixian, studying in Jinlong Mountain. Ming Jingtai built a temple in Shawan. Gaichong has been doing it for a long time. It's even sealed. Temple ancestor Suqian, from He Chenqing also.

6. Common sense of ancient literature and culture in junior high school

China Ancient Literature Common Sense Collection 1. Literature and history classics: Four Books: Analects of Confucius, Mencius, University, the Doctrine of the Mean.

"Five Classics" refers to The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Book of Rites, Zhouyi and Chunqiu, which are referred to as "Poems, Books, Rites, Changes and Chunqiu" for short. In fact, there should have been the Six Classics and the Book of Music, which are collectively called "Poetry, Books, Rites, Music, I Ching, Spring and Autumn". "Four Histories": Historical Records, History of Han Dynasty, History of Later Han Dynasty and History of the Three Kingdoms.

"Four Treasures of the Study": a collection of six meanings of classics, history, Confucius and the Book of Songs: style, elegance, ode, fu, comparison and xing. Legends of dynasties: three generations: Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty "Huang San"; one of the legends is "Fuxi, Nuwa, Shennong" and "Five Emperors". "Five Mountains": Mount Taishan in Dongyue (now Shandong Province), Mount Huashan in Xiyue (now Shaanxi Province), Mount Hengshan in Nanyue (now Hengyang City, Hunan Province) and Mount Hengshan in Beiyue (located in Hunyuan, Shanxi Province, with the main peak of Tianfengling at an altitude of 2017m), which is known as "the first mountain beyond the Great Wall".

Hengshan Mountain is a famous Taoist holy land and tourist attraction. Now it is the first batch of national key scenic spots, one of the top ten tourist attractions in Shanxi Province) and Zhongyue Songshan (now the northwest of Dengfeng City, Henan Province).

"Kyushu": The legendary administrative division of China in ancient times, which later became another name of China. Generally speaking, "Kyushu" refers to China.

For example, Kyushu is furious, and thousands of troops are sad. (Qing Gong Zizhen's "Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems") In the sea: According to ancient legends, China's territory is surrounded by the sea, so it is called the sea within the territory.

Four seas: refers to the world and the whole country. Rivers: Ancient articles specifically refer to "Yangtze River and Yellow River".

Three Kingdoms: It refers to Wei, Shu and Wu after the Eastern Han Dynasty. Sanqin: refers to the Guanzhong area west of Tongguan.

Landscape yin and yang: in ancient times, the south of the mountain was Yang, and the north of the mountain was Yang. 4. Others: 1. Five elements: refers to gold, wood, water, fire and earth. 2. Grains: the general term for ancient food crops.

(Jiì, millet, wheat, glutinous rice, rice) 3. Five flavors: sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty. Six kinds of domestic animals: horses, cows, sheep, pigs (tapirs) and dogs (dogs). Xie Yuan (first place after having obtained the provincial examination), Hui Yuan (first place after having obtained the provincial examination) and the top scholar (first place in palace examination).

1 1. Three old people: ancient township officials in charge of education. 12. And: it refers to the selection in the imperial examination. Failing the examination is called the first and second place.

13. Imperial Examination: The official imperial examination is divided into three grades: after the provincial examination, after the provincial examination, and after palace examination. The rural examination (also known as Qiu Wei or Daibi) is held once every three years in the province, and only scholars are eligible to take the examination and serve as jurors.

The first solution. Examination: It will be held in the spring of the second year after the rural examination in Beijing (called Chunwei or Liwei). Those who take the exam must be juren. They are called Gong's in the exam.

The first name is Huiyuan. Palace test: presided over by the emperor, the palace test is eligible to participate, and it is called Jinshi in the exam.

The first is the champion, the second is the second, and the third is the flower exploration. Together, they are called the top three ding.

In the 30th year of Guangxu (1905), the imperial examination system was abolished due to the implementation of school education in various places. 14. Erya: the earliest monograph on the interpretation of Ci in China and the first systematic dictionary of Ci in the world.

15. "* * *" refers to the national style in The Book of Songs, and Li Sao in The Songs of Chu, which is a substitute for common writing. 16. The Book of Songs: It is the earliest poem in China, with a total of 305 poems, which are divided into three categories according to the nature of music: wind, elegance and ode.

17. Wugeng: In ancient China, the night was divided into five periods, and the time was based on drumming, also known as "five drums" or five nights. The first table is 19-2 1, the second table is 2 1-23, the third table is 23- 1, and the fifth table is 3-5.

18. Four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. The first, second and third months are spring, and they are called Meng Chun, Midspring and Ji Chun (Sanchun). Four, five and six are called Xia Meng, midsummer, late summer (three summers), autumn and winter respectively, and so on.

19. Xiu: In ancient times, constellations were called stars. 20. "Three religions and nine streams": "Three religions" refers to Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism; "Nine streams" refer to Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang, Legalists, famous artists, Mohists, strategists, miscellaneous scholars and farmers.

It always refers to various schools of religion or academia, and also refers to people from all walks of life in society. "Three religions and nine streams" is often derogatory.

2 1. Everything goes to Sanbaotang: As the saying goes. Even if there is nothing important, I dare not disturb.

"Sambo" is a name of Buddhism, which refers to Buddhism, Buddhism and monks. 22. Country: "She" is the land god and "Ji" is the valley god.

In ancient times, it was customary to regard the country as a symbol of the country. 23. posthumous title: After the minister's death, the court conferred a title on him according to his life story, in order to show his appreciation of good and evil.

For example, Fan Zhongyan and posthumous title are both writers. Five, the ancient nickname: 1. Mulberry: refers to hometown 2. Female: 3. Beard: refers to man 4. Hongyan: It refers to the letter 5. Country: refers to country 6. History: refers to history.

For example, Wen Tianxiang in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "Crossing the Zero Ocean": No one has died since ancient times, take the heart of Dan and follow the history of Qing Dynasty. 7. Xuanyuan: refers to the motherland.

For example, I sent a message to Han Xing saying that I would recommend Xuanyuan with my blood. -Lu Xun 8. "Three feet": fingering nine. Humble name: ① self-proclaimed: stupid, contemptuous, humble, thief, courtier and servant ② Emperor self-proclaimed: lonely, widowed and desert ③ Scholar self-proclaimed: young, late-born, late-educated ④ Others: junior, young, old, concubine and old (old woman).

Ling, which means beautiful, is used to address each other's relatives. Such as your father (the other's father), your mother (the other's mother), your son (the other's wife), your brother (the other's brother), your son (the other's son) and your lover (the other's daughter); Respect, used to refer to people or things related to each other.

Such as respect (called each other's parents), respect for the public, respect for the monarch and respect for politics (all called each other's father).