What are the Chinese New Year customs in Nanchang?

As a way to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, different regions have different ways to celebrate. Although the content and form are different, the meaning is the same. It's all about saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new, and it's all about having a better life in the coming year. This issue of Nanchang Culture will introduce you to the Chinese New Year customs in Nanchang. How can I get high locally?

During the Spring Festival, Nanchang people say: After twenty-four, celebrate the New Year every day (Nanchang dialect). Because Qin Shihuang recruited civilian workers to build the Great Wall, Nanchang civilian workers didn't go home until the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, and all the family members regarded the time when their loved ones got home for reunion as "Chinese New Year". Therefore, Nanchang people celebrate the New Year on different days and at different times. Twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six and twenty-seven are all Chinese New Year holidays, some in the morning, some in middle age and some in the evening. Nanchang people, of course, also include the families of Jiangxi people. It doesn't have to be New Year's Eve, and it doesn't have to be dinner with members in the evening.

In some villages in Guangfu Township, Nanchang County, people are used to celebrating the 26th lunar month and even having a family reunion dinner in the morning. Some are at 7 o'clock in the morning, and some are at 9 o'clock in the morning. Many villages in Fuzhou celebrate the 29th lunar month. Generally speaking, there are really few families in Jiangxi who celebrate the 29th of the twelfth lunar month. If you stay in Nanchang, you will find that firecrackers have been popping up every day since the 24th day of the lunar calendar.

Many families in the city still retain the custom of their hometown, that is, the above-mentioned time for Chinese New Year. Due to specific reasons, the people of the whole province basically recognized that the Great Wall of the Qin Dynasty was built, and seized labor to go to the north to participate in the construction. It's the end of the year, and he goes home for the New Year in batches. When Ding went back to his hometown, it was the time for the family to celebrate the New Year, and it was handed down like this. As far as I know, it seems that this kind of situation is rare in other provinces. Judging from the distribution of ethnic minorities in China, Jiangxi is the province with the least population of ethnic minorities, and the proportion of Han nationality is as high as 99.9%. Jiangxi is also a relatively complete province of Han folk customs, such as Nuo dance of Han nationality, which is the most complete in Jiangxi. No wonder there is a book called "The Last Han Nationality in China" written in Nanfeng, Jiangxi.

What kind of beef stir-fried powder do Nanchang people eat for the New Year? Cows have strength, and rice flour looks like the beard of the birthday girl, so it indicates good health and longevity in the coming year.

Hecai: a member of a harmonious family.

In addition, there are: paste soup, miscellaneous vegetables, chicken, duck and fish. I have to mention fish. Nanchang people will put the whole fish on New Year's Eve, but they won't eat it. It is said that fish bring people's wishes to the dragon king by listening to people. It is the custom of Nanchang people to be vegetarian or eat leftovers on New Year's Day.

Open the door of wealth, close the door of wealth, God of Wealth.

Dinner will be served after the reunion dinner, but it can't pass 12. 12 Close the gate and set off firecrackers. This is called closing the financial door and taking a rest. Opening the door and setting off firecrackers in the early morning of the first day of the first month is called opening the financial door. If you find a mouse at night, don't hit it. It's the god of wealth.

Bench Dragon In rural Nanchang, there is a custom of playing bench dragon in Lantern Festival. There are lanterns on the bench. When there are several men at home, they put a few lanterns, then go out to join people's benches and start walking. This shows how long this dragon is. My ancestral home is in Ruozhu Village, Xiangtang Town, Nanchang County. My father-in-law told me that there was a bench dragon in the Republic of China. There are many men in my family, so there are many benches. The name of "King Taiyuan" is written on the lantern, indicating that we have come to the north. I think this is the so-called "Hakka ancestors". I like to speak Hakka, because I think Hakka is only a branch of Jiangxi, and blood is thicker than water, whether it is a stream or a cluster of dialects. My father-in-law told me that playing with bench dragon was the happiest time when he was a child. In the evening, the dragon walks by the river, and the river reflects the bench dragon, which is very happy.

New Year's greetings: On the first day of the first month, the younger generation pays New Year's greetings to the elders in turn, and the elders lead the younger generation to pay New Year's greetings to their neighbors. On the first day, the son pays New Year greetings to his parents, the younger generation pays New Year greetings to the elders in turn, and the elders lead the younger generation to pay New Year greetings to their neighbors. The son-in-law of the second day pays a New Year call to his mother-in-law. On the third day, when my daughter goes back to her mother's house, she will send candy cakes to her neighbors, reflecting the harmonious neighborhood relationship. The first day: it is an important custom to worship ancestors on the first day of the New Year. Put some red dates, candied wax gourd, peanut candy and fruit on the ancestral temple, and burn incense, worship and dress with your family. After that, the activities of New Year's greetings began, and the younger generations congratulated each other on New Year's greetings to their elders or relatives and friends. Don't sweep the floor or take out the garbage on the first day of the new year. Legend has it that wealth will be sent away. Don't say anything unlucky, or it will be unlucky this year.

There is a saying in Nanchang: (Nanchang dialect) A one-year-old boy, a two-year-old boy, a three-year-old uncle, a three-year-old boy and a four-year-old boy also pay homage to their deceased relatives. .

Change tea: it means "change money", which means everyone is rich. Authentic Nanchang dialect calls giving snacks and sweets to guests during the New Year "exchanging money". On the first day of New Year's Day, early in the morning, children will hang a small red cloth bag around their necks and go to the clan home to pay New Year greetings, asking for "money exchange" until the small cloth bag is full. Wrap the cake with thick wool paper and a layer of white paper, then stick a piece of red paper and distribute it everywhere. Just one thing, just one thing, only form, no content. Those who are greedy and playful will eat the bread inside and replace it with stones or sand.

The last seven days are like years: Nanchang people attach importance to the last seven days. On this day, they should have a good meal and eat "paste soup", which symbolizes their promotion step by step. On this day, a grand sacrificial ceremony is usually held. Seven-dish soup is only popular in the south, and the ingredients of seven dishes vary from place to place. Only Nanchang has two methods: sweet and salty. Salty side dishes are white radish, Chinese kale, Chinese cabbage, mustard greens, spring vegetables, garlic and celery, boiled into thick soup, and sweet dishes are Chinese cabbage, coriander, Chinese cabbage, celery and Chinese kale, which are fried in oil and seasoned with sauce and sugar.

These dishes all have special meanings. Celery stands for hard work, garlic stands for counting money, spring vegetables stand for vitality, and mustard stands for making a fortune in the new year. Seven vegetables soup is not allowed to pour out, otherwise it will pour out the blessing.

Besides, seven-dish soup is also good for your health. During the Chinese New Year, everyone is big fish and big meat, and seven-dish soup can relieve greasy food.

Lantern Festival: (Nanchang dialect) "After the Lantern Festival, all the lights are turned off." After the Lantern Festival, the annual activities are basically over. (Nanchang dialect) "Three fires, Lantern Festival", watching Lantern Festival, playing with lanterns, solving riddles on lanterns, very lively.

"Spring Festival" is a grand festival for every Chinese son and daughter. But in recent years, when people talk about Chinese New Year, they will feel "more and more boring". In addition to the sudden change of lifestyle, the decline of annual flavor has also loosened the rigorous annual flavor culture formed in the ultra-stable life for thousands of years. Another important reason is that we don't know anything about the culture of that year, and regard traditional customs as stereotypes and habits, and think that they are dispensable. In fact, everything in folk customs has spiritual connotation and soul. For example, the soul of New Year's Eve is reunion, the soul of setting off firecrackers is exorcism, the soul of New Year's greetings is harmony, and the soul of hanging money with the word "blessing" on Spring Festival couplets is blessing and so on. Tomorrow is New Year's Eve. This edition specially selects four regions in our province to bask in the unique Chinese New Year folk customs, so that everyone can recall how the year with rich traditional cultural connotations passed.

"Entering the twelfth lunar month is the year." "Entering the twelfth lunar month is the year." Laba was a traditional auspicious day in Nanchang in the past. As the saying goes, "Laba doesn't have to choose a date, it's a good luck and a long life." Therefore, on this day, besides drinking Laba porridge, Nanchang people often hold Laba weddings such as betrothal, wife-in-law, and wife-in-law. According to legend, the origin of Laba porridge is attributed to the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. When Zhu Yuanzhang was a child, he herded cattle in the fields. He was hungry, so he dug a mouse hole and caught a mouse to satisfy his hunger. I didn't think about it. I dug deep and didn't see the mouse, but I saw rice, corn, beans and other things, so I cooked porridge with him and ate it with relish. Later, when he became Emperor Zhu, he was tired of eating delicacies. He often asked the chef to put the whole grains together to cook porridge, named "Laba porridge".

The 24th day of the twelfth lunar month is a "off-year". On this day, the old Nanchang people put sugar on the kitchen door, which is called "the tooth of the glue kitchen god". If the boss wants to dismiss his employees, he has to invite the dismissed employees to "sit at the table" for dinner on this day. From this day on, Nanchang people began to formally celebrate the New Year. All walks of life began to be extremely busy, and large and small markets were extremely active. People who work in other places are rushing home for reunion. Between off-year and New Year's Eve, there is an atmosphere of Chinese New Year almost every day. As the saying goes, "After twenty-four, Chinese New Year is celebrated every day."

In the next few days, people will tie dragons with lotus roots, cut them into gold ingots and copper coins with pine branches, ginkgo, gold paper, silver foil paper and red paper, make them into cash cows and put them on the altar to worship the god of wealth. It is also necessary to offer sacrifices such as pig heads, chickens, fish, meat and rice cakes in front of the ancestral tablets to worship the ancestors. Besides, when they meet, they will not only verbally say auspicious words, but also paste a small note cut with red paper with a width of three or four inches and a length of one or two feet, and write auspicious words such as "children's words are unscrupulous", "East enters the west, north leaves Nantong".

Qing Ji Qing and Yu Nianyu have been busy preparing for nearly a week, and finally it's New Year's Eve. On New Year's Eve, Nanchang people's enthusiasm for the New Year reached its peak.

When it comes to New Year's Eve, we have to talk about the reunion dinner. The reunion dinner is the most abundant meal of Nanchang people in a year. Generally, there are more than a dozen dishes, and there should be 18 dishes. Every dish has its own profound meaning. For example, cooking symbolizes "green auspiciousness", fried rice cakes mean "rising year by year", braised whole fish means "more than a year", and fried rice noodles mean bumper harvest and rice bunches. Cai He, another special dish in Nanchang, is fried with shredded pork, shredded bamboo shoots, celery, bean sticks, garlic, shredded carrots, yellow flowers and shredded cuttlefish, symbolizing "harmony and wealth".

After a hearty meal, the whole family sat in front of a charcoal fire and stayed up late into the night. Don't underestimate charcoal fire. As the saying goes, "the fire of thirty nights is the lantern festival." This custom originated from the ancient practice of burning flames to drive away the monster named "Nian", and later it was more expected that life would be better in the coming year. On New Year's Eve, the elders also give the younger generation "lucky money" to "protect the old from evil" and prevent ghosts from causing trouble. The lucky money given by Nanchang people is often even, which means, for example, 2 is a yes-man, 4 is rich in the four seasons, 6 is good luck, 10 is perfect, and 12 is 120 years old.

It is necessary to set off firecrackers and close the door until late at night-the so-called "financial door" is intended to collect one's own money, send away the old year, and then rest the whole family. On the first day of school, getting up and opening the door to set off firecrackers means "opening the door of wealth"-welcoming the New Year and opening your own wealth. As soon as this pass is opened, the wealth will be sent home with the new year's goods, and it will be lucky to make money and treasure.

After "changing tea" and "sending the poor" came up together with lanterns, the younger generation paid New Year greetings to the elders in turn, and the elders led the younger generation to pay New Year greetings to their neighbors. After breakfast, people pay New Year greetings in groups of three or five, bow and say "Congratulations on getting rich" to each other. The time for New Year greetings is also different. "One-year-old baby, two-year-old lang, three-year-old woman and four-year-old mother." In the first month, relatives, whether far or near, will often visit, otherwise "there is no New Year greeting, and there is no contact in the past."

Pay attention to "changing tea" when visiting relatives' homes on the second day of the second year. That is to visit relatives and friends and bring cakes and fruits as gifts. The host should also give back cakes, fruits and so on. When I sent him. This time it symbolizes that everyone shares their wealth with relatives and friends, so "changing tea" means "changing money", that is, everyone is rich.

The last stimulus is the Lantern Festival. Once upon a time, on the fifteenth night of the first month, all kinds of dragon dance teams would dance in the street, from Ximachi, Zhongzheng Street, Fuqueqian, Wazijiao, Wanshou Palace to West Street, with loud drums and crowds of people. After nightfall, colorful lights were hung in front of every household, and fireworks and firecrackers continued in Nanchang. On the same day, Nanchang people also like to use glutinous rice flour as the skin, peanuts, black sesame seeds, white sugar and winter melon sugar as the stuffing to make Yuanxiao with white and round skin and tender taste. That night, the whole family sat together to eat Yuanxiao, symbolizing family reunion and happiness.

However, the "Lantern Festival" passed, and the annual event came to an end after the fifteenth day of the first month.

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