When was the Forbidden City built? Let's learn about the Forbidden City!

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Located in the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City is known as the first of the five largest palaces in the world. It was built in Yongle 4 years and Yongle 18 years. This year coincides with the 60th anniversary of the Forbidden City. Many friends regret canceling their plans to go to the Forbidden City in Beijing because of infectious diseases, but it doesn't matter. Infectious diseases will pass. If you didn't know anything before going to the Forbidden City, even if you did, you wouldn't know anything about this huge building complex with 9999 half rooms, so you'd better follow this little lady and don't leave home to go to the Forbidden City.

The Forbidden City is a royal palace that witnessed the rise and fall of China in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is not only the most well-preserved ancient palace building with the highest artistic attainments in China, but also one of the largest and most well-preserved ancient wooden structures in the world. It covers an area of 720,000 square meters and has never used nails. It not only embodies the wisdom of China people for thousands of years, but also is a symbol and model of Chinese civilization.

The road to the "Supreme Court"

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, 24 emperors lived in the Forbidden City. In ancient China, the Arctic constellation "Purple Garden" was located in the center of the sky and was considered as a forbidden area, so the Forbidden City was called "Forbidden City" before.

The Forbidden City is 3400 meters in circumference and has doors on all sides, but now it can only enter from the south gate of the Forbidden City and exit from the Shenwumen in the north gate. This is not only to ease the flow of people, but also the best tour route, because the emperor goes out for pilgrimage, the civil and military officials go to court, and the foreign envoys meet, all of them have to enter from the noon gate.

However, before you reach the meridian gate, you must go through two gates. The first one is Tiananmen Square. When you come to Beijing, you must visit Tiananmen Square, which is a symbol of China people and country. Originally Tiananmen Gate, meaning "resigned", it was renamed Tiananmen during the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, meaning "resigned to secure the country".

Step on the Waijinshui Bridge, cross Tiananmen Gate, and you will arrive at Ruimen. Duanmen is one of the main entrances to the Forbidden City in Ming Dynasty and the imperial city in Qing Dynasty. The whole building structure and style are the same as Tiananmen Square. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, etiquette articles were mainly stored here.

After Ruimen, it is the noon gate, which is where you really want to enter the Forbidden City. Online booking is also available here. Ancient civil and military officials also gathered outside the noon gate when they went to court. The meridian gate is upstairs, named "Five Phoenix". They hung clocks and drums. As soon as the bell rang, the noon gate opened and officials came in.

However, the most familiar impression of the Wumen Gate is "launching the Wumen Gate to behead", but the beheading place is not the Wumen Square outside the Wumen Gate, but the Caishikou outside Xuanwu Gate. However, the meridian gate was a place where the court punished the people, but some officials were killed by the court. One of the most famous events is the Ming Dynasty's "Minister Crying Left Shunmen". Because Emperor Jiajing was not an orthodox prince, after he became emperor, he had to be emperor and queen with his parents. Many officials thought it was against the royal etiquette and made suggestions one after another, but Jiajing didn't listen, and ministers wept bitterly at Zuoshun Gate. Jing was furious and ordered that less than five things be sent to the meridian gate and handed over to the court for handling. Results 180 people were beaten and 17 people died.

In ancient times, the meridian gate was not only the punishment of the imperial court, but also the place where the emperor issued imperial edicts or presented various gifts on festivals. If there is a major ceremony or a very important festival, the ceremony will be held here.

Through the meridian gate, we officially entered the Forbidden City, which has changed for 600 years. The Forbidden City is divided into an outer court and an inner court. In front of the Forbidden City, the outer court is centered on the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe and the Hall of Baohe, with Wenhua Hall and Wuying Hall as its two wings. It is the place where the emperor handles government affairs, holds meetings, holds ceremonies and issues government decrees.

Behind the Forbidden City, Gan Qing Palace, sedan chair.

Come back at five o'clock in the morning, the civilian military attache enters from the left and right doors of the noon gate, arranges in grades in the south of Jinshui Bridge, and then crosses the bridge in turn, waiting for the emperor to arrive at Taihe Gate, and then arrives at Taihe Gate to start the morning dynasty. You must be surprised how you can go to the early palace in front of the palace instead of the golden palace in the TV series. Yes, TV plays are just for the effect, but in fact, before Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the early stage of the Forbidden City was always in front of Taihe.

Majors are good at diligence and laziness.

Taihe Gate is the largest and highest-standard palace gate in the Forbidden City and the main entrance of foreign palaces in past dynasties. In the early Ming Dynasty, it was called Fengtianmen, and in the Qing Dynasty it was renamed as Huangjimen and Taihemen. A pair of majestic bronze lions in front of the door are the biggest in the Forbidden City and even in China. In order to protect the safety of the country and people, the ancient emperors placed many precious animals in the Forbidden City, including the lion, the king of the world's beasts. The ancients thought that strong lions could not only ward off evil spirits, but also bring auspicious gods, so they placed a pair of lions in front of many very important gates. Usually on the east side of the gate, a lion steps on the hydrangea, indicating that he controls the country; In the west, the lioness soothes her cubs, which represents the success of the children and is passed down from generation to generation.

However, the bronze lions in the houses in the town did not seem to play their due role. One hundred days after the Forbidden City was built, the three halls of the outer court began to catch fire. According to legend, Judy was afraid of usurping the throne and violating God's will, so she established the rule of law in front of the Taihe Gate and implemented "obedient politics" to show diligence. There is no wind or rain, and the emperor and ministers go to the early dynasty in the open air here. Of course, we don't know what Judy thinks, but the "Zheng Ting Palace Gate" is true, and the "Changchao Palace Gate Instrument" was formulated by Zhu Yuanzhang when he founded the country in Nanjing. After Judy moved to Beijing, Fengtianmen at that time naturally became a pilgrimage site.

The emperor in the early Ming Dynasty was definitely a model of "entrepreneur". He not only goes to the morning court at 5 am, but also goes to the evening court at 7 pm. No matter how bad the weather is, there are almost 365 days in a year. It is really "hardworking and barren". By the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the descendants of Zhujiajian couldn't stand this kind of suffering any longer, and began to be unscrupulous towards princes, nobles and showgirls. Emperor Wanli, in particular, was depressed for more than 20 years because ministers refused to let his favorite son be a prince, which not only accelerated the decline of the Ming Dynasty, but also made China fail to catch up with the new wave of the world at that time.

After the Qing Dynasty entered Shanhaiguan, during the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, activities were held in Taihemen, such as making Dourgen regent and Wu Sangui king of the day. At that time, Taihe Gate was called Huangjimen. After that, Emperor Kangxi moved to Gan Qing Gate to listen to the opinions of the government.

On the west side of Taihe Gate is Wuying Hall, which is as old as the Forbidden City. When it was first built, it was the place where the emperor lived and summoned his ministers. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant uprising army, invaded Beijing, established Dashun regime, and held the enthronement ceremony in Wuying Hall. At the beginning of the Qing army's entry into the customs, Regent Dogon went to Beijing, with tachileik as the director. In the early Qing Dynasty, Wuying Hall, as the emperor's palace, was used to hold small ceremonies such as greetings, rewards and sacrifices. In the eighth year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi moved to Wuying Hall to maintain the Hall of Supreme Harmony and Gan Qing Palace. Subsequently, Wuying Temple Bookstore opened a lot here, and the famous Sikuquanshu was also edited in Wuying Temple.

To the east of Taihe Gate is Wenhua Hall, which echoes Wuyingtang from afar. Wenhua Hall is the only blue brick building in the Forbidden City. In the early Ming Dynasty, Wenhua Hall was the temporary hall of the emperor. Tomorrow, before the Prince succeeds to the throne, we must take good care of Wenhuatang. Since then, most princes are too young to take part in political affairs. In the fifteenth year of Jiajing, they were changed into the hall of the emperor, and later became the banquet place of the Ming Dynasty. According to the old Dy system in Ming dynasty

Opposite the Taihe Gate, the magnificent Hall of Supreme Harmony is located in the square of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, covering an area of about 30,000 square meters, without trees. This kind of emptiness can not only prevent assassins from hiding, but also highlight the unique and noble momentum. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is the largest and highest-ranking palace in the Forbidden City. "Taihe" comes from Zhouyi, which means that everything in the world runs in harmony.

Like Taihemen, the Hall of Supreme Harmony was originally called Fengtian Hall, later renamed Huangji Hall, and was called Taihe Hall in Qing Dynasty, but people like to call it Jinyin Hall. In today's court drama, it is always represented as a place for litigation, but this is not the case. As mentioned above, the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties mainly held court in Taihe Gate and Gan Qing Gate, and the Hall of Supreme Harmony was the place where the highest-level ceremonies of the country were held, such as the emperor's accession to the throne, marriage, conferring the queen, announcing the rank of Jinshi, ordering expeditions, and the annual longevity day and the first day of the New Year's Day.

At the foot of the brick road where the honor guard stood guard, the civil and military officials knelt down to pay tribute. The white marble brick one foot square on the road is called etiquette pier, which is the standing point of the etiquette team when the emperor holds the ceremony. According to their preferences, civil and military officials knelt in three different positions: Dan's position, Yulu's steps, and Dan Yong's position.

Taihe Square recorded many historical moments. 166 1 year, the day after the emperor shunzhi's death, Michelle Ye, an 8-year-old Aisingiorro native, held a pole climbing ceremony here, which opened the prosperous time of Kanggan. 1945 10 10/0, after the Japanese invaders announced their unconditional surrender, the formal surrender ceremony of the North China Theater was also held in the Hall of Supreme Harmony Square, which was also the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the Palace Museum.

The eight-meter-high three-story white marble platform is full of small faucets without speakers. They are one of the nine sons of the dragon and are called cicada heads. They are used to drain water because their mouths are full of water. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, followed by Zhonghe Hall and Baohe Hall, is located on the white marble platform, covering an area of about 2,500 square meters. There are 1 142 cicadas on the platform. Therefore, in rainy days, there will be a spectacle of "heavy rain like practice, light rain like a note, and a thousand dragons spit water".

There are 18 incense burners on the white marble platform, symbolizing the Qing Dynasty 18 provinces. An ancient timer sundial and a standard measuring instrument symbolize imperial power respectively, and various bronze turtles and bronze crane incense burners symbolize longevity. They are both practical and beautiful. Every emperor wants Chiyono to come to Yongchang and transport the country to Yongchang.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony at the top of the double-eaved pagoda shows its noble status everywhere. Besides its grandeur, it is also a Longhai. Cornice painting is the highest realm of dragon seal painting. All parts of the wooden structure are decorated with golden dragon patterns. Walking dragons, ascending dragons, descending dragons or sitting dragons can be seen everywhere. There are about 16449 dragons inside and outside the main hall. But the most exquisite is the thirteen golden dragons on the throne of Panlong in the hall.

The golden throne carved by the emperor is 172.5cm high, 158.5cm wide, 49cm high and 30cm high. The throne has a "round-backed chair" backrest, made of precious golden nanmu, and carved with lifelike Panlong. Panlong gradually descended from the middle to the handrails on both sides, and Yang's dragon was engraved on the back of the chair. Each floor of the throne has corresponding decorative patterns from top to bottom. There are 13 golden dragons coiled together, and there are a lot of precious stones on the base. Behind the throne, seven dragon-shaped golden screens set off the whole hall.

As the saying goes, the center of the capital is in the Forbidden City, the center of the Forbidden City is in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, and the center of the Hall of Supreme Harmony is under the emperor's Panlong throne. This dragon chair has been a symbol of supreme power for hundreds of years.

On the ceiling above the throne, there is a panlong plate.

So when Li Zicheng attacked Beijing and overthrew the Ming Dynasty, he dared not rule in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Instead, he talked about Wu in front of us. After stealing the fruits of the revolution, Yuan Shikai also wanted to taste the taste of being an emperor, but after all, he dared not sit in this John Lone chair, but rebuilt a big chair combining Chinese and Western. But he was still afraid that the Xuanyuan mirror would fall and kill himself, so he moved the dragon chair back two meters.

There are five city hall symbols hidden in the Xuanyuan mirror, but we can't see them at all. The striking plaque "Concise Collection of Righteousness" on the Hall of Supreme Harmony is the imperial pen of Emperor Qianlong, which means that the emperor shoulders the dual sacred mission of inheriting heaven and enlightening the people, not only inheriting heaven and legislating, but also asking the people to stop. However, after Yuan Shikai ascended the throne, the original plaque was replaced and his whereabouts are still unknown.

On the roof of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, people are riding Impatiens and quietly looking into the distance with the back of 10. They can't find the roof of the same "team" as them, because it is the most upscale roof in China, and the monkey face with king kong wings at the end of the team is the only one in China's back. However, there are also some sad reasons. Because the Forbidden City is too wide and the Hall of Supreme Harmony is too big, it has been struck by lightning many times. In order to pray, people put a special "do something" behind all animals symbolizing disaster relief and good luck to resist lightning and reduce demons.